Expression of Mouse MT-Ⅰ as a Fusion Protein in Anabaena sp. PCC 7120

To produce mouse metallothionein_Ⅰ (mMT_Ⅰ) in cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120, a novel Escherichia coli_cyanobacterium shuttle fusion expression vector, pKG_MT, was constructed. Via this vector, mMT_Ⅰ cDNA which was fused with a carboxyl terminal extension of the 26 kD glutathione_S_transferase (GST) containing a thrombin specific site was expressed in Anabaena under the control of tac promoter. SDS_polyacrylamid gel electrophoresis (SDS_PAGE) showed that the fusion protein GST_MT was expressed in the transgenic Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 after induction with isopropylthio_β_D_galactoside (IPTG). Glutatione_S_transferase metallothionein (GST_MT) was purified from the crude extracts by affinity chromatography on immobilized glutathione and mMT_Ⅰ was obtained by digesting the fusion protein with thrombin on column and gel filtration on Sephadex G_50. SDS_PAGE demonstrated that the purified mMT_Ⅰ was the desired protein. The result of ELISA for the purified mMT_Ⅰ showed that the recovery of mMT_Ⅰ from the transgenic cyanobacterium was about 0.6 mg/g fresh weight. According to the data of atomic absorption assay, metal_binding activity of the purified mMT_Ⅰ was almost the same as that of wild type MT.     

人表皮生长因子（hEGF）基因在蓝藻中的表达

人表皮生长因子（hEGF)是由53个氨基酸组成的蛋白,在临床上内服与外敷可促进内外表皮细胞的生长。将人工合成的hEGF基因连接到质粒pRL-489上,位于启动子psb下游。验证连接成功后,用三亲接合转移方法将载体pRL-hEGF导入聚球藻Synechococcus sp.PCC7002和鱼腥藻Anabeana sp.PCC7120。由于pRL-hEGF没有能在单细胞蓝藻中自主复制的复制子,通过筛选,hEGF在聚球藻7002中是整合到蓝藻染色体上进行表达的。用PCR扩增的方法在两种转基因藻中均检测到hEGF基因的存在。放射免疫分析证明,hEGF基因在两种转基因藻中均得到了表达。而且,在聚球藻7002中是采用分泌形式将表达产物分泌到培养液中。     

集胞藻类金属硫蛋白的纯化,性质和溶液构象的研究

集胞藻Synechocysitissp.PCC6803光照培养,加入100μmol/LZnCl2诱导藻内类金属硫蛋白（MT-like）的表达。离心收集鲜藻,超声波破碎细胞,离心除沉淀。上清液72℃加热3min去杂蛋白,离心,上清液依次经过分子筛层析柱,阴离子交换柱和脱盐柱,可得蓝藻类金属硫蛋白。5L培养液收集鲜藻7.6g,一次上样1．52g鲜藻的裂解物,冻干后得15mg纯化的蛋白样,为鲜藻重的0．1％．经分析其等电点为pH4．5,分子量为6．986kD,由58个氨基酸残基组成。其序列中含有较多疏水氨基酸残基（36％）,但其半胱氨酸含量仅为5％。CD（圆二色性）图谱表明其二级结构主要为无规卷曲,不含α－helix和β-sheet,无哺乳动物的金属硫蛋白所具有的典型双结构域结构。紫外吸收光谱表明Zn结合的类金属硫蛋白在220nm也有较高的吸收值。红外光谱分析的结果表明,此类金属硫蛋白的吸收光谱与高等动物的金属硫蛋白的吸收光谱类似。     

在鱼腥藻7120中建立反义glnA系统

应用反义技术对鱼腥藻7120切的内源glnA基因的表达进行调控,首次获得了人工反义系统的蓝藻品系。先从编码谷酰胺合成酶（GS）的基因glnA中取得部分结构基因片段,与表达质粒载体pRL-439及穿梭质粒载体pDC－8相连接。通过酶切鉴定筛选出反向克隆的穿梭表达质粒pDC－AM,然后应用三亲接合转移法把它转入鱼腥藻对7120.通过新霉素筛选,酶谱鉴定,斑点杂交,质粒的交叉转化以及内源glnA基因表达的GS活性分析,GS相关的胞外泌氨分析及所获藻株的形态学变化,证明已在鱼腥藻7120中建立了人工反义glnA基因的品系。     

Construction of shuttle, expression vector of human tumor necrosis factor alpha (hTNF-α) gene and its expression in a cyanobacterium, Anabaena sp. PCC 7120

The construction of the shuttle, expression vector of human tumor necrosis factor alpha (hTNF-α) gene and its expression in a cyanobacteriumAnabaena sp. PCC 7120 was reported. The 700-bp hTNF cDNA fragments have been recovered from plasmid pRL-rhTNF, then inserted downstream of the promoter PpsbA in the plasmid pRL439. The resultant intermediary plasmid pRL-TC has further been combined with the shuttle vector pDC-8 to get the shuttle, expression vector pDGTNF. The expression of the rhTNF gene inEscherichia coli has been analyzed by SDS-PAGE and thin-layer scanning, and the results show that the expressed TNF protein with these two vectors is 16.9 percent (pRL-TC) and 15.0 percent (pDC-TNF) of the total proteins in the cells, respectively, while the expression level of TNF gene in plasmid pRL-rhTNF is only 11.8 percent. Combined with the participation of the conjugal and helper plasmids, pDC-TNF has been introduced intoAnabaena sp PCC 7120 by triparental conjugative transfer, and the stable transgenic strains have been obtained. The existence of the introduced plasmid pDC-TNF in recombinant cyanobacterial cells has been demonstrated by the results of the agarose electrophoresis with the extracted plasmid samples and Southern blotting with α-³²P labeled hTNF cDNA probes, while the expression of the hTNF gene inAnabaena sp. PCC 7120 has been confirmed by the results of Western blotting with extracted protein samples and human TNF-alpha monoclonal antibodies. The cytotoxicity assays using the mouse cancer cell line L929 proved the cytotoxicity of the TNF in the crude extracts from the transgenic c~anobacteriumAnabaena sp. PCC 7120. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 39280016).     

黄瓜花叶病毒卫星RNA致弱辅助病毒的机理

分析了卫星RNA致弱的黄瓜花叶病毒 (CMV)侵染的烟草叶绿体内的CP浓度与花叶症状的严重程度成正相关 .用番茄不孕病毒 (TAV)接种表达CMV卫星RNA的转基因烟草叶绿体中 ,TAV- CP含量明显比不含卫星RNA的TAV株系侵染的低 ,而在细胞质中TAV -CP含量无差别 .用完整游离叶绿体进行体外跨膜运输试验 ,CMV- CP能快速进入离体叶绿体 ,CP降低叶绿体动力学荧光光谱 .将CMV的CP基因与 1 ,5 二磷酸核酮糖羧化酶小亚基引导肽基因进行体外拼接 .借助农杆菌转化烟草 .转基因烟草表现出黄化、根系发育受抑制 ,产生类似病毒侵染的症状 .     

蓝藻质粒DNA提取方法的改进

以含pMD-489-TNF重组质粒的丝状体鱼腥藻7120和单细胞聚球藻7002为材料,比较了SDS-碱裂解法和SDS法在蓝藻质粒提取中的效果,并对SDS-碱裂解法应用于蓝藻质粒提取作了一些改进和实验条件的优化。     

水稻胞质FBA基因在鱼腥藻7120中的表达及其对光合作用的调控

光合作用包括了一系列复杂的反应,其中碳固定反应是光合作用调控的核心环节。果糖-1,6-二磷酸醛缩酶(FBA)是Calvin循环中固定CO₂后第一个催化三碳化合物转变为六碳化合物的酶,在光合作用中有着重要的作用。近年来,反义技术进一步地证明了FBA在加速碳固定反应方面有着非常大的潜力。本论文通过过表达技术来研究提高FBA活性是否能加速碳固定反应。将水稻胞质FBA嵌合基因转入鱼腥藻7120,通过相应的抗生素筛选及PCR鉴定后,确定得到了稳定遗传的转基因藻。对转基因藻和野生藻进行FBA活性及生理活性的测定后发现：转基因藻中FBA的活性比野生藻提高了31.2%;细胞生长速率比野生藻提高了24.4%;净光合与真实光合分别比野生藻提高了19.2% 和20.6%。以上结果证明,在鱼腥藻体内特异的提高非调控酶FBA的水平,能在一定程度上提高转基因藻的光合活性,并且能够提高转基因藻的细胞增长效率。为进一步研究FBA在光合碳流量中的调控机理提供实验依据。     

小立碗藓愈伤组织诱导和培养

小立碗藓已经成为植物功能基因组学的模式系统,其材料的大量培养是所有工作的基础.文章探讨了小立碗藓愈伤组织诱导和组织培养的基本条件,并观察了小立碗藓愈伤组织的亚显微结构.     

Homologous Comparisons of Photosynthetic System 1 Genes among Cyanobacteria and Chloroplasts

It has now believed that chloroplasts arose from cyanobacteria,however,during endosymbiosis,the photosynthetic genes in chloroplasts have been reduced.How these changes occurred during plant evolution was the focus of the present study.Beginning with photosystem Ⅰ (PSI) genes,a homologous comparison of amino acid sequences of 18 subunits of PSI from 10 species of cyanobacteria,chloroplasts in 12 species of eucaryotic algae,and 28 species of plants (including bryophytes,pteridophytes,gymnospermae,dicotyledon and monocotyledon) was undertaken.The data showed that 18 genes of PSIcan be divided into two groups: Part Ⅰ including seven genes (psaA,psaB,psaC,psaI,psaJ,yct3 and ycf4) shared both by cyanobacteria and plant chloroplasts;Part Ⅱ containing another 11 genes (psaD,psaE,psaF,psaK,psaL,psaM,btpA,ycf37,psaG,psaH and psaN) appeared to have diversified in different plant groups.Among Part I genes,psaC,psaA and psaB had higher homology in all species of cyanobacteria and chloroplasts.Among Part II genes,only psaG,psaH and psaN emerged in seed plants.