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31.
Structural investigation into the C‐terminal extension of the ene‐reductase from Ralstonia (Cupriavidus) metallidurans
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Diederik J. Opperman 《Proteins》2017,85(12):2252-2257
Ene‐reductases (ERs), or Old Yellow Enzymes, catalyze the asymmetric reduction of various activated alkenes. This class of biocatalysts is considered an attractive alternative to current chemical technologies for hydrogenation due to their high selectivity and specificity. Here the X‐ray crystal structure of RmER, a “thermophilic”‐like ER from Ralstonia (Cupriavidus) metallidurans, is reported. Unlike other members of this class of ERs, RmER is monomeric in solution which we previously related to its atypical elongated C‐terminus. A typical dimer interface was however observed in our crystal structure, with the conserved Arg‐“finger” forming part of the adjacent monomer's active site and the elongated C‐terminus extending into the active site through contacting the “capping” domain. This dimerization also resulted in the loss of one FMN cofactor from each dimer pair. This potential transient dimerization and dissociation of FMN could conceivably explain the rapid rates previously observed when an FMN light‐driven cofactor regeneration system was used during catalysis with RmER. 相似文献
32.
Jacques de Satg Diederik Strubbe Joris Elst Jenny De Laet Frank Adriaensen Erik Matthysen 《Journal of avian biology》2019,50(11)
While numerous studies have reported negative effects of urbanisation on birds, few have examined the role of urban scale in influencing breeding success. Furthermore, many studies have relied on qualitative rather than quantitative assessments of urbanisation. This study sought to address these issues by testing the effects of urbanisation, measured at two spatial scales, on the breeding success of great tits Parus major. A nested study design, incorporating over 400 nestboxes, was used in study sites across northern Belgium with a priori quantified degrees of urbanisation at both local and regional scales. All measured breeding parameters were found to vary at one or both spatial scales of urbanisation; in more urbanised areas great tits displayed advanced laying dates but lower breeding success compared to rural areas, with smaller clutch sizes, lower nestling masses and fewer fledglings per egg. Importantly, urbanisation effects were not limited to big cities as birds breeding in gardens or parks in small towns also had comparatively low success. We found that both regional‐ and local‐scale urbanisation had consistent significant effects on laying date, clutch size and nestling mass, while the number of fledglings per egg was negatively influenced by local‐scale urbanisation only. Results of this study therefore highlight the importance of utilising multiple spatial scales in analysing urbanisation effects, as well as the potential negative impact of local urbanisation on breeding success. This calls for further investigation into mechanisms driving urbanisation effects and how these may vary at different scales. 相似文献
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Silvio Gianinazzi Armelle Gollotte Marie-Noëlle Binet Diederik van Tuinen Dirk Redecker Daniel Wipf 《Mycorrhiza》2010,20(8):519-530
The beneficial effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on plant performance and soil health are essential for the sustainable
management of agricultural ecosystems. Nevertheless, since the ‘first green revolution’, less attention has been given to
beneficial soil microorganisms in general and to AM fungi in particular. Human society benefits from a multitude of resources
and processes from natural and managed ecosystems, to which AM make a crucial contribution. These resources and processes,
which are called ecosystem services, include products like food and processes like nutrient transfer. Many people have been
under the illusion that these ecosystem services are free, invulnerable and infinitely available; taken for granted as public
benefits, they lack a formal market and are traditionally absent from society’s balance sheet. In 1997, a team of researchers
from the USA, Argentina and the Netherlands put an average price tag of US $33 trillion a year on these fundamental ecosystem
services. The present review highlights the key role that the AM symbiosis can play as an ecosystem service provider to guarantee
plant productivity and quality in emerging systems of sustainable agriculture. The appropriate management of ecosystem services
rendered by AM will impact on natural resource conservation and utilisation with an obvious net gain for human society. 相似文献
36.
Kol MA Kuster DW Boumann HA de Cock H Heck AJ de Kruijff B de Kroon AI 《Biochimica et biophysica acta》2004,1636(2-3):205-212
The fate of exogenous short-chain analogues of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine was studied in a deep-rough derivative of E. coli mutant strain AD93 that cannot synthesize phosphatidylethanolamine de novo. Using mass spectrometry, it was shown that dicaproyl(di 6:0)-phosphatidylethanolamine is extensively remodeled, eventually adopting the phosphatidylethanolamine species profile of the parental wild-type strain of AD93. Dicaproyl-phosphatidylserine was decarboxylated to form phosphatidylethanolamine, and yielded a species profile, which strongly resembled that of the introduced phosphatidylethanolamine. This demonstrates transport of phosphatidylserine to the cytosolic leaflet of the inner membrane. The changes of the species profile of phosphatidylethanolamine indicate that the short-chain phospholipids are most likely remodeled via two consecutive acyl chain substitutions, and at least part of this remodeling involves transport to the inner membrane. 相似文献
37.
Andrea Barbi Tess Goessens Diederik Strubbe Arne Deknock Robby Van Leeuwenberg Niels De Troyer Elin Verbrugghe Mark Greener Siegrid De Baere Luc Lens Peter Goethals An Martel Siska Croubels Frank Pasmans 《Ecology letters》2023,26(2):313-322
The sixth mass extinction is a consequence of complex interplay between multiple stressors with negative impact on biodiversity. We here examine the interaction between two globally widespread anthropogenic drivers of amphibian declines: the fungal disease chytridiomycosis and antifungal use in agriculture. Field monitoring of 26 amphibian ponds in an agricultural landscape shows widespread occurrence of triazole fungicides in the water column throughout the amphibian breeding season, together with a negative correlation between early season application of epoxiconazole and the prevalence of chytrid infections in aquatic newts. While triazole concentrations in the ponds remained below those that inhibit growth of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, they bioaccumulated in the newts' skin up to tenfold, resulting in cutaneous growth-suppressing concentrations. As such, a concentration of epoxiconazole, 10 times below that needed to inhibit fungal growth, prevented chytrid infection in anuran tadpoles. The widespread presence of triazoles may thus alter chytrid dynamics in agricultural landscapes. 相似文献
38.
A new species,Erigeron astranthioides, apparently endemic to the Sierra Madre of central Durango, is described and illustrated. It is contrasted withE. forreri (Greene) Greene andAstranthium, both of which are similar, though apparently through convergence. The new species is part of a lineage that includes six other primarily epapposeErigeron species mostly from the western Sierra Madre; within this group its closest relative appears to beE. mimus (S. F. Blake) Nesom, with which it is compared. 相似文献
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Jacqueline van Marwijk Diederik J. Opperman Lizelle A. Piater Esta van Heerden 《Biotechnology letters》2009,31(6):845-849
Dissimilatory reduction of vanadium(V) by Enterobacter cloacae EV-SA01, isolated from a gold mine at 1.6 km below surface, is shown to occur anaerobically as well as aerobically. Growth
rates were unaffected by up to 2 mM V2O5. Reduction of vanadium(V) was growth phase-dependent and resulted in cell deformities and precipitation of the vanadium in
its lower oxidation states. The vanadate reductase activity was membrane-associated and coupled the oxidation of NADH to the
reduction of vanadate. 相似文献