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BK McFarlin AS Venable RR Williams AW Jackson 《Biology of sport / Institute of Sport》2015,32(1):11-14
Exercising or working in a hot, humid environment can results in the onset of heat-related illness when an individual''s temperature is not carefully monitored. The purpose of the present study was to compare three techniques (data loggers, thermal imaging, and wired electrodes) for the measurement of peripheral (bicep) and central (abdominal) skin temperature. Young men and women (N = 30) were recruited to complete the present study. The three skin temperature measurements were made at 0 and every 10-min during 40-min (60% VO2max) of cycling in a hot (39±2°C), humid (45±5% RH) environment. Data was statistically analyzed using the Bland-Altman method and correlation analysis. For abdominal skin temperature, the Bland-Altman limits of agreement indicated that data loggers (1.5) were a better index of wired than was thermal imaging (3.5), For the bicep skin temperature the limits of agreement was similar between data loggers (1.9) and thermal (1.9), suggesting the both were suitable measurements. We also found that when skin temperature exceeded 35°C, we observed progressively better prediction between data loggers, thermal imaging, and wired skin sensors. This report describes the potential for the use of data loggers and thermal imaging to be used as alternative measures of skin temperature in exercising, human subjects. 相似文献
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Anke Miriam Kr?hling Luis Alvarez Katharina Debowski Qui Van Monika Gunkel Stephan Irsen Ashraf Al-Amoudi Timo Strünker Elisabeth Kremmer Eberhard Krause Ingo Voigt Simone W?rtge Ari Waisman Ingo Weyand Reinhard Seifert Ulrich Benjamin Kaupp Dagmar Wachten 《PLoS genetics》2013,9(12)
The second messengers cAMP and cGMP activate their target proteins by binding to a conserved cyclic nucleotide-binding domain (CNBD). Here, we identify and characterize an entirely novel CNBD-containing protein called CRIS (cyclic nucleotide receptor involved in sperm function) that is unrelated to any of the other members of this protein family. CRIS is exclusively expressed in sperm precursor cells. Cris-deficient male mice are either infertile due to a lack of sperm resulting from spermatogenic arrest, or subfertile due to impaired sperm motility. The motility defect is caused by altered Ca2+ regulation of flagellar beat asymmetry, leading to a beating pattern that is reminiscent of sperm hyperactivation. Our results suggest that CRIS interacts during spermiogenesis with Ca2+-regulated proteins that—in mature sperm—are involved in flagellar bending. 相似文献
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Łegowska A Bulak E Wysocka M Jaśkiewicz A Lesner A Debowski D Rolka K 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2008,16(10):5644-5652
A series of linear and monocyclic analogues of trypsin inhibitor SFTI-1 isolated from sunflower seeds, modified by N-(4-aminobutyl)glycine (Nlys) and N-benzylglycine (Nphe), were obtained by the solid-phase method. Some of these peptomers displayed trypsin or chymotrypsin inhibitory activity. In contradiction to the literature data, in most analogues peptide bonds formed by these peptoid monomers were at least partially hydrolyzed by the experimental enzymes at two different pH (3.5 and 8.3). Nevertheless, the replacement of Phe present in the P(1) substrate specificity of linear inactive SFTI-1 analogue with Nphe, yielded a potent chymotrypsin inhibitor. The introduction of one cyclic element (a disulfide bridge or head-to-tail cyclization) to the analogues synthesized significantly increased their proteinase resistance. 相似文献
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Main goal of the study was present the results of some respirometric measurements of activated sludge biodegrading the substrate in the wastewater originated in selected sections of the dairy processing line. The following dairy production effluents were analyzed in the research: the pumping station wastewater (combined wastewater from all the sections of the dairy factory), the apparatus room wastewater, the butter section wastewater, the milk reception point wastewater, the cheese section wastewater and the cottage cheese section wastewater. Apart from that, sweet and sour whey, which are secondary products of hard cheese and cottage cheese production, respectively, was the subject of the research. The amount of organic matter being oxidized during a 5-day measurement session was calculated on 1g of the activated sludge biomass. The research was conducted at the temperature of 20 degrees C and 35 degrees C at the applied sludge loading rate of A'=0.2 g BOD g(-1) dry mass d(-1), which ensured complete biodegradation. The results indicated a correlation between a technological process of dairy processing, an ultimate outcome of which was the wastewater analyzed, and dairy wastewater biodegradability. The results confirmed that all dairy processing effluents can be treated together, with the exception of whey, whose complex biodegradation demands may cause too much burden to any wastewater treatment technological system and thus should be managed within a separate installation. 相似文献
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BOENA ARSKA-MACIEJEWSKA IRENA SISKA EWA WITKOWSKA STANISAW LEWAK 《Physiologia plantarum》1980,48(4):532-535
The activity of acid lipase and the level of gibberellin A4 (GA4) were determined in apple embryos excised from seeds after different time periods of stratification and subsequently cultured in darkness at 4°C or at 25°C. Enzyme activity and GA4 content were higher at 4°C. Exogenous gibberellin stimulated lipase activity, while AMO-1618, an inhibitor of gibberellin biosynthesis, inhibited, to the same degree, both the enzyme activity and the GA4 accumulation. The involvement of GA4 and lipolytic enzymes in cold-mediated removal of embryonal dormancy has been discussed and compared with the role of these two factors in light-stimulated germination of dormant apple embryos, described earlier (Smoleńska and Lewak 1974). 相似文献
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TE Willnow C Antignac AW Br?ndli EI Christensen RD Cox D Davidson JA Davies O Devuyst G Eichele ND Hastie PJ Verroust A Schedl IC Meij 《Organogenesis》2005,2(2):42-47
Rapid progress in genome research creates a wealth of information on the functional annotation of mammalian genome sequences. However, as we accumulate large amounts of scientific information we are facing problems of how to integrate and relate the data produced by various genomic approaches. Here, we propose the novel concept of an organ atlas where diverse data from expression maps to histological findings to mutant phenotypes can be queried, compared and visualized in the context of a three-dimensional reconstruction of the organ. We will seek proof of concept for the organ atlas by elucidating genetic pathways involved in development and pathophysiology of the kidney. Such a kidney atlas may provide a paradigm for a new systems-biology approach in functional genome research aimed at understanding the genetic bases of organ development, physiology and disease.Key Words: EuReGene, kidney, genome, development, pathophysiology, genetics 相似文献
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KATARZYNA A. JADWISZCZAK MIROSAW RATKIEWICZ AGATA BANASZEK 《Biological journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2006,89(1):79-90
During postglacial colonization, populations that diverged in different refugia produced a patchwork of genomes, often delimited with sharp hybrid zones. The outcome of hybridization following the secondary contact of two genetically distinct populations is hard to predict. In this context, the present study investigated the genetic structure of the hybrid zone between the Drnholec and Białowieża chromosome races of the common shrew ( Sorex araneus ) in Poland using biparentally inherited (seven autosomal microsatellites) and uniparentally inherited (Y-linked microsatellite and mtDNA) molecular markers. On the basis of diagnostic chromosomes, the Drnholec and Białowieża races were classified to different karyotypic groups, which were believed to have independent glacial histories. It was found that genetic differentiation between the Drnholec and Białowieża races was weak and nonsignificant with respect to all molecular markers. However, these results are in contrast with the chromosomal structure of this hybrid zone. The very sharp frequency clines of the diagnostic chromosomes strongly suggest that gene flow between the Drnholec and Białowieża races was reduced. Nonsignificant correlations between genetic differentiation and both the presence of an environmental barrier and geographical distance reveal that only differences in karyotypes might be a reason for limited gene exchange between the races. It is assumed that a lack of molecular differences between the Drnholec and Białowieża races results from a shared ancestral variation. © 2006 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , 2006, 89 , 79–90. 相似文献
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Lotte M Kruidenier Saskia PA Nicolaï Edith M Willigendael Rob A de Bie Martin H Prins Joep AW Teijink 《BMC cardiovascular disorders》2009,9(1):1-7