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141.
Theresa S. Betancourt Robert T. Brennan Patrick Vinck Tyler J. VanderWeele Dayo Spencer-Walters Joshua Jeong Adeyinka M. Akinsulure-Smith Phuong Pham 《PLoS medicine》2016,13(8)
BackgroundLittle attention has been paid to potential relationships between mental health, trauma, and personal exposures to Ebola virus disease (EVD) and health behaviors in post-conflict West Africa. We tested a conceptual model linking mental health and trauma to EVD risk behaviors and EVD prevention behaviors.ConclusionsIn post-conflict settings, past war trauma and mental health problems are associated with health behaviors related to combatting EVD. The associations between war trauma and both EVD risk behaviors and EVD prevention behaviors may be mediated through two key mental health variables: depression and PTSD symptoms. Considering the role of mental health in the prevention of disease transmission may help fight continuing and future Ebola outbreaks in post-conflict Sierra Leone. This sample is specific to Freetown and the Western Area and may not be representative of all of Sierra Leone. In addition, our main outcomes as well as personal EVD exposure, war exposures, and mental health predictors rely on self-report, and therefore raise the possibility of common methods bias. However, the findings of this study may be relevant for understanding dynamics related to EVD and mental health in other major capital cities in the EVD-affected countries of West Africa. 相似文献
142.
Jeong Youp Park Takashi Murakami Jin Young Lee Yong Zhang Robert M. Hoffman Michael Bouvet 《PloS one》2016,11(1)
Fluorescent-antibody targeting of metastatic cancer has been demonstrated by our laboratory to enable tumor visualization and effective fluorescence-guided surgery. The goal of the present study was to determine whether insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) antibodies, conjugated with bright fluorophores, could enable visualization of metastatic colon cancer in orthotopic nude mouse models. IGF-1R antibody (clone 24–31) was conjugated with 550 nm, 650 nm or PEGylated 650 nm fluorophores. Subcutaneous, orthotopic, and liver metastasis models of colon cancer in nude mice were targeted with the fluorescent IGF-1R antibodies. Western blotting confirmed the expression of IGF-1R in HT-29 and HCT 116 human colon cancer cell lines, both expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP). Labeling with fluorophore-conjugated IGF-1R antibody demonstrated fluorescent foci on the membrane of colon cancer cells. Subcutaneously- and orthotopically-transplanted HT-29-GFP and HCT 116-GFP tumors brightly fluoresced at the longer wavelengths after intravenous administration of fluorescent IGF-1R antibodies. Orthotopically-transplanted HCT 116-GFP tumors were brightly labeled by fluorescent IGF-1R antibodies such that they could be imaged non-invasively at the longer wavelengths. In an experimental liver metastasis model, IGF-1R antibodies conjugated with PEGylated 650 nm fluorophores selectively highlighted the liver metastases, which could then be non-invasively imaged. The IGF-1R fluorescent-antibody labeled liver metastases were very bright compared to the normal liver and the fluorescent-antibody label co-located with green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression of the colon cancer cells. The present study thus demonstrates that fluorophore-conjugated IGF-1R antibodies selectively visualize metastatic colon cancer and have clinical potential for improved diagnosis and fluorescence-guided surgery. 相似文献
143.
Yon Soo Jeong 《Channels (Austin, Tex.)》2016,10(3):214-224
Anion exchanger 2 (AE2) has a critical role in epithelial cells and is involved in the ionic homeostasis such as Cl? uptake and HCO3? secretion. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanism of AE2. The main goal of the present study was to investigate potential regulators, such as spinophilin (SPL), inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate [IP3] receptors binding protein released with IP3 (IRBIT), STE20/SPS1-related proline/alanine-rich kinase (SPAK) kinase, and carbonic anhydrase XII (CA XII). We found that SPL binds to AE2 and markedly increased the Cl?/HCO3? exchange activity of AE2. Especially SPL 1–480 domain is required for enhancing AE2 activity. For other regulatory components that affect the fidelity of fluid and HCO3? secretion, IRBIT and SPAK had no effect on the activity of AE2 and no protein-protein interaction with AE2. It has been proposed that CA activity is closely associated with AE activity. In this study, we provide evidence that the basolateral membrane-associated CA isoform CA XII significantly increased the activity of AE2 and co-localized with AE2 to the plasma membrane. Collectively, SPL and CA XII enhanced the Cl?/HCO3? exchange activity of AE2. The modulating action of these regulatory proteins could serve as potential therapeutic targets for secretory diseases mediated by AE2. 相似文献
144.
Dong-Hyun Kim Sang-Bum Lee Sung-Koo Kim Don-Hee Park Gwi-Taek Jeong 《Bioenergy Research》2016,9(4):1155-1166
This work investigated the optimization of sugar and chemical formation from marine macro-green-alga Enteromorpha intestinalis by hydrothermal reaction and a statistical methodology. By this approach, the highest sugar and chemical yields were predicted as follows: glucose 10.42 %, xylose-mannose-galactose (XMG) 18.08 %, total reducing sugar (TRS) 28.61 % (reaction temperature 156 °C, catalyst amount 1.3 %, reaction time 11.4 min), levulinic acid 4.00 % (175.0 °C, 3.7 %, 35 min), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural 1.71 % (186.0 °C, 1.1 %, 37.9 min), and furfural 2.03 % (183.1 °C, 2.2 %, 10.7 min). In terms of the combined severity factor (CSF), the glucose, XMG, and TRS production decreased linearly with increasing CSF and to a high correlation. This application of a marine green-alga shows a high potential for production of fermentable sugars and chemicals suitable for biorefinement processes. 相似文献
145.
Suhrid Banskota Jaya Gautam Sushil C. Regmi Pallavi Gurung Myo-Hyeon Park Seung Joo Kim Tae-gyu Nam Byeong-Seon Jeong Jung-Ae Kim 《PloS one》2016,11(1)
5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) induces proliferation of cancer cells and vascular cells. In addition to 5-HT production by several cancer cells including gastrointestinal and breast cancer, a significant level of 5-HT is released from activated platelets in the thrombotic environment of tumors, suggesting that inhibition of 5-HT signaling may constitute a new target for antiangiogenic anticancer drug discovery. In the current study we clearly demonstrate that 5-HT-induced angiogenesis was mediated through the 5-HT1 receptor-linked Gβγ/Src/PI3K pathway, but not through the MAPK/ERK/p38 pathway. In addition, 5-HT induced production of NADPH oxidase (NOX)-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS). In an effort to develop new molecularly targeted anticancer agents against 5-HT action in tumor growth, we demonstrate that BJ-1108, a derivative of 6-amino-2,4,5-trimethylpyridin-3-ol, significantly inhibited 5-HT-induced angiogenesis. In addition, BJ-1108 induced a significant reduction in the size and weight of excised tumors in breast cancer cell-inoculated CAM assay, showing proportionate suppression of tumor growth along with inhibition of angiogenesis. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), BJ-1108 significantly suppressed 5-HT-induced ROS generation and phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt but not of Src. Unlike NOX inhibitors, BJ-1108, which showed better antioxidant activity than vitamin C, barely suppressed superoxide anion induced by mevalonate or geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate which directly activates NOX without help from other signaling molecules in HUVECs, implying that the anti-angiogenic action of BJ-1108 was not mediated through direct action on NOX activation, or free radical scavenging activity. In conclusion, BJ-1108 inhibited 5-HT-induced angiogenesis through PI3K/NOX signaling but not through Src, ERK, or p38. 相似文献
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149.
Daniel C. Ilut Alexander E. Lipka Namhee Jeong Dong Nyuk Bae Dong Hyun Kim Ji Hong Kim Neelam Redekar Kiwoung Yang Won Park Sung-Taeg Kang Namshin Kim Jung-Kyung Moon M. A. Saghai Maroof Michael A. Gore Soon-Chun Jeong 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2016,129(3):453-468
150.