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11.
Nadine Kraemer Ethiraj Ravindran Sami Zaqout Gerda Neubert Detlev Schindler Olaf Ninnemann Ralph Gr?f Andrea EM Seiler Angela M Kaindl 《Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)》2015,14(13):2044-2057
Biallelic mutations in the gene encoding centrosomal CDK5RAP2 lead to autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH), a disorder characterized by pronounced reduction in volume of otherwise architectonical normal brains and intellectual deficit. The current model for the microcephaly phenotype in MCPH invokes a premature shift from symmetric to asymmetric neural progenitor-cell divisions with a subsequent depletion of the progenitor pool. The isolated neural phenotype, despite the ubiquitous expression of CDK5RAP2, and reports of progressive microcephaly in individual MCPH cases prompted us to investigate neural and non-neural differentiation of Cdk5rap2-depleted and control murine embryonic stem cells (mESC). We demonstrate an accumulating proliferation defect of neurally differentiating Cdk5rap2-depleted mESC and cell death of proliferative and early postmitotic cells. A similar effect does not occur in non-neural differentiation into beating cardiomyocytes, which is in line with the lack of non-central nervous system features in MCPH patients. Our data suggest that MCPH is not only caused by premature differentiation of progenitors, but also by reduced propagation and survival of neural progenitors. 相似文献
12.
Detoxification of ochratoxin A can be achieved by chemical or enzymatic hydrolyzation, the products of such reactions are ochratoxin α and phenylalanine. Ochratoxin α like ochratoxin A, is a fluorescing molecule, therefore sensitive analysis is possible at very low concentration levels. Methods have been established that make it possible to look for residues of ochratoxin A and its main metabolite ochratoxin α in blood and tissues at very low concentration levels. Plasma is extracted by the use of small amounts of chloroform; the extract is cleaned with water and afterwards evaporated to dryness]. The residue is re-dissolved and analysed by HPLC-FLD. Using this method a limit of detection of 0.5μg/l for both ochratoxin A and ochratoxin α can be reached. 相似文献
13.
Irene EM Bultink 《Arthritis research & therapy》2010,12(1):107
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been identified as a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in patients with systemic
lupus erythematosus (SLE). The etiology of premature CVD in SLE is supposed to have many factors, including traditional coronary
artery disease (CAD) risk factors, antiphospholipid antibodies, and metabolic and inflammatory factors. Despite the overwhelming
interest in CVD in SLE research, prospective studies evaluating risk factors for hard endpoints (that is, cardiovascular events)
are relatively scarce. The article by Gustafsson and colleagues suggests that prothrombotic factors play an important role
in SLE-related CVD and that the influence of traditional CAD risk factors might be limited. 相似文献
14.
EM Tazi I Lalya MF Tazi Y Ahellal H M'rabti H Errihani 《World journal of surgical oncology》2010,8(1):1-3
Goblet cell carcinoid of the large intestine is a rare neoplasm, usually located in ascending colon and rectum. A 60-year-old male patient underwent surgery after the diagnosis of acute abdomen. Exploratory laparotomy revealed perforation with a diameter of 1 cm at the site of the previously performed gastroenterostomy and dilatation of the right colic flexure, secondary to a solid obstructive mass located in the mid-portion of transverse colon. Histopathological investigation of the biopsies, taken from the gastroenterostomy site and the tumor, revealed mixed carcinoid-adenocarcinoma with carcinoid component, predominantly composed of goblet cells. Three cycles of FOLFOX-4 protocol was administered. Following respiratory distress secondary to pulmonary metastasis, the patient's condition deteriorated and subsequently died in the fourth postoperative month. Our aim with this paper is to point out that more cases should be reported for more effective diagnosis, histopathological study, clinical investigation, treatment and prognosis of this specific neoplasm. 相似文献
15.
Polygalacturonase inhibiting protein (PGIP) is localized in plant cell walls and plays an important role both in pectic substance metabolism and in prevention of the penetration of phytopathogenic microorganisms. Apparently, PGIP is responsible for the specificity of cell--cell interactions during pollination or inoculation by fungi nonpathogenic for the particular plant. PGIPs from different plants share a basic common structure. They are rather thermostable glycoproteins enriched with leucine and contain about 20% carbohydrates; the molecular weight varies between 37-54 kD. The synthesis of PGIP is encoded by one gene, and its expression is stimulated by injury and fungal infection. The resistance of plant tissues to infection frequently correlates with PGIP expression and with inhibiting action on fungal PG. Thus, PGIP is believed to be useful for gene engineering to obtain transgenic plants resistant to fungal infection or retaining commercial value during storage. 相似文献
16.
First-egg date fluctuations for the Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca in the woodlands of mid-Wales in the twentieth century 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
EM. SLATER 《Ibis》1999,141(3):497-499
17.
Teng YK Verburg RJ Verpoort KN Diepenhorst GM Bajema IM van Tol MJ Jol-van der Zijde EC Toes RE Huizinga TW van Laar JM 《Arthritis research & therapy》2007,9(5):R106
In order to identify pathogenic correlates of refractory rheumatoid arthritis (RA), antibodies against anti-cyclic citrullinated
protein (ACPAs) were investigated in RA patients in whom the dysregulated immune system had been ablated by high-dose chemotherapy
(HDC) and autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Six patients with refractory RA were extensively characterized
in terms of levels of total immunoglobulins, RA-specific autoantibodies (ACPAs and rheumatoid factor) and antibodies against
rubella, tetanus toxoid (TT) and phosphorylcholine before and after HDC plus HSCT. Additionally, the avidity of ACPAs was
measured before and after treatment and compared with the avidity of TT antibodies following repeated immunizations. Synovial
biopsies were obtained by arthroscopy before HDC plus HSCT, and analyzed by immunohistochemistry. In the three patients with
clinically long-lasting responses to HDC plus HSCT (median 423 days), significant reductions in ACPA-IgG levels after therapy
were observed (median level dropped from 215 to 34 arbitrary units/ml; P = 0.05). In contrast, stable ACPA-IgG levels were observed in three patients who relapsed shortly after HDC plus HSCT (median
of 67 days). Clinical responders had ACPA-IgG of lower avidity (r = 0.75; P = 0.08) and higher degree of inflammation histologically (r = 0.73; P = 0.09). Relapse (after 38 to 530 days) in all patients was preceded by rising levels of low avidity ACPA-IgG (after 30 to
388 days), in contrast to the stable titres of high avidity TT antibodies. In conclusion, humoral autoimmune responses were
differentially modulated by immunoablative therapy in patients with synovial inflammation and low avidity ACPA-IgG autoantibodies
as compared with patients with high levels of high avidity ACPA-IgG. The distinct clinical disease course after immunoablative
therapy based on levels and avidity of ACPA-IgG indicates that refractory RA is not a single disease entity. 相似文献
18.
19.
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a vasoproliferative disorder that occurs in premature infants and may lead to permanent visual impairment. We investigated both the possible protective role of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) for preventing ROP and the role of IGF-1 in the disorder. Forty-five newborn rats were divided into three groups. Group 1 was raised in room air as controls. Group 2 was exposed to 60% oxygen for 14 days after birth, then transferred to room air. Group 3 was exposed to the same conditions as group 2, but received intraperitoneal injections of NAC on postnatal days 7–17. After 35 days, both eyes of all rats were processed for histology. Some sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to assess structural changes and other sections were immunostained to determine the location of IGF-1. Frozen sections also were prepared and stained for adenosine triphosphatase to detect retinal blood vessels. Compared to the controls, more blood vessels, many of which were abnormal, and increased IGF-1 expression were observed in group 2. In group 3, abnormal blood vessels and IGF-1 expression were less evident. NAC appeared to be an effective vascular-protective agent for ROP by decreasing IGF-1 expression. 相似文献
20.
Satou Y Mineta K Ogasawara M Sasakura Y Shoguchi E Ueno K Yamada L Matsumoto J Wasserscheid J Dewar K Wiley GB Macmil SL Roe BA Zeller RW Hastings KE Lemaire P Lindquist E Endo T Hotta K Inaba K 《Genome biology》2008,9(10):R152-11