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921.
Judith M. Clarkson David L. Mitchell 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression》1983,740(4):355-361
The effect on DNA repair of several inhibitors of DNA synthesis has been investigated in CHO cells. Three assays were employed following ultraviolet irradiation of G1 cells: unscheduled DNA synthesis, removal of antibody binding sites and alkaline elution. Cytosine arabinoside and aphidicolin were found to reduce unscheduled DNA synthesis in a dose-dependent manner without affecting the removal of antibody-binding sites. Strand rejoining was also inhibited. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that inhibition is due to premature chain termination during repair synthesis some time after excision of the lesion. Conversely, inhibition of unscheduled DNA synthesis by novobiocin is paralleled by inhibition of excision of the lesion. However, no inhibition of incision was apparent. Since nalidixic acid, an inhibitor of topoisomerase II, did not inhibit excision, it is unlikely that the primary site of action of novobiocin is this topoisomerase. The possibility that a second topoisomerase and/or a polymerase are affected is discussed in the light of previously published data. 相似文献
922.
Ultrastructural morphometry of the human sperm flagellum with a stereological analysis of the lengths of the dense fibres 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
C Serres D Escalier G David 《Biology of the cell / under the auspices of the European Cell Biology Organization》1983,49(2):153-161
The dimensions of the various regions of the flagellum and the length of each of the dense fibres has been determined by transmission electron microscopy of a large number of spermatozoa from ten men. The overall mean length of the flagellum was 60.5 micron, and its diameter diminished from 0.88 micron in the midpiece to 0.17 micron at the terminal filament. The midpiece and terminal filament as measured in longitudinal sections had variable lengths among spermatozoa (3.4 +/- 0.5 (S.D.) micron and 3.1 +/- 1.0 micron respectively). Stereological analysis was used to estimate the length of the principal piece (53 micron) and the dense fibres. These latter fibres were of unequal length and extended along 60% of the length of the principal piece. They fell into 3 groups with respect to their lengths: (i) fibres 3 and 8 were short (6 micron); (ii) fibres 4, 2 and 7 were of medium length (17, 18 and 21 micron respectively); and (iii) the longest fibres were 5, 6, 9 (31, 32 and 31 micron respectively) and fibre 1 which was a little longer (35 micron). Although there was variation in the length of the various fibres among spermatozoa, the order of their termination was relatively constant. The relationship between these quantitative data regarding the structural characteristics of the dense fibres and the shape of the flagellar wave is discussed. 相似文献
923.
M. Islam Khan M. K. Mathew T. Mazumdar D. Pain N. Surolia M. K. Das P. Balaram A. Surolia 《Journal of biosciences》1983,5(1):31-39
The binding ofRicinus communis agglutinin andAbrus agglutinin to 4-methylumbelliferyl β-D-galactopyranoside was studied by equilibrium dialysis, fluo-rescence quenching and fluorescence polarization. The number of binding sites and the association constant value obtained by fluorescence polarization for bothRicinus communis agglutinin andAbrus agglutinin are in close agreement with those obtained by the other methods. This indicates the potential of ligand-fluorescence polarization measurements in the investigation of lectin-sugar interactions. 相似文献
924.
Irwin J. Goldstein 《Journal of biosciences》1983,5(1):65-71
The physical-chemical and carbohydrate binding specificity ofGriffonia simplicifolia I (GS I) isolectins, one of the 4 lectins isolated fromGriffonia simplicifolia seeds, are described.Association constants for the binding of methyl α- and β-D-galactopyranoside and methyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-galactopyranoside to the A4, A2 B2 and B4 isolectins are reported.Precipitation reactions of theGriffonia simplicifolia isolectins with guaran and type B blood group substance are described.The hypothesis that subunit B is a precursor of subunit A, a process involving proteolytic cleavage of the B subunit, was tested by conducting structural studies on the 2 subunits. The results indicated that the A and B subunits are probably products of 2 separate but closely related, possibly contiguous genes. 相似文献
925.
The kinetics of haemolysis of rabbit erythrocytes byCroton tiglium lectin was studied as a function of concentration of the lectin and erythrocytes. The length of the prelytic period decreased with increasing lectin concentrations, indicating that the secondary events at the membrane which follow the binding of the lectin to cell surface carbohydrate receptors are accelerated at higher surface concentrations of the lectin. The rate or extent of haemolysis was not affected by the inclusion of ions like K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the medium or by the substitution of ionic medium by a non-ionic medium. The inhibition of haemagglutination and haemolysis of rabbit red cells byCroton tiglium lectin by antilectin rabbit serum was observed. A possible mechanism of haemolysis by the lectin is discussed. 相似文献
926.
N-Acetyl-D-galactosamine in β-linkage being ubiquitous in cell surface glycoproteins, their interaction with lectins specific for this sugar moiety may be a significant event in cell adhesion phenomena. This article discusses the common β-N-acetyl galactosamine-specific lectins, with particular stress on the lectin from winged beans (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus). 相似文献
927.
David M. Helfman Bruce D. Appelbaum William R. Vogler J.F. Kuo 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1983,111(3):847-853
Phospholipid-sensitive Ca2+-dependent protein kinase (PL-Ca-PK) was found to be present at a high level in human neutrophils, with its activity localized in the particulate fraction. In contrast, cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (A-PK) and cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase (G-PK), present at lower levels compared to PL-Ca-PK, were localized in the cytosolic fraction. Phosphorylation of several endogenous proteins (mol. wts. 89,000, 38,000, 34,000, 17,000 and 15,000), also localized in the particulate fraction, was stimulated specifically by a combination of phosphatidylserine and Ca2+, whereas no substrate proteins were observed for the calmodulin-sensitive Ca2+-dependent protein kinase system under the same incubation conditions. Although no substrate proteins for G-PK were detected, one substrate (mol. wt. 19,000) for A-PK was observed. Phosphorylation of substrates for PL-Ca-PK, but not that for A-PK and for enzymes independent of Ca2+ or cyclic AMP, was inhibited by a variety of agents, including trifluoperazine, W-7 [N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalene-sulfonamide], adriamycin, palmitoylcarnitine, and melittin. The present findings suggest that the protein phosphorylation system may be important in the membrane associated functions of human neutrophils. 相似文献
928.
929.
A new method has been developed to assess the minimum complexity and relationships of those pathways (developmental timers) which time the consecutive stages of a developing system (Soll, 1983). This method has been applied to the morphogenetic program of Dictyostelium discoideum and has resulted in (1) a minimum estimate of the number of components comprising the timers for the first seven stages of morphogenesis, (2) a characterization of the temperature sensitivities of these components including demonstration of a reversible timer component, (3) detailed temporal definition of a number of transition points between rate-limiting components including a major branch point for the onset of several independent timer components coincident with the onset of aggregation, and (4) a temporal model for the relationships between the timers of the seven consecutive morphogenetic stages, including several examples of parallel timers. 相似文献
930.
Cortices of unfertilized sea urchin eggs can be isolated in suspension and will discharge the attached cortical vesicles (CVs) in response to calcium. We describe a simple turbidometric assay for monitoring the Ca2+-induced discharge of these vesicles and also compare the discharge of vesicles isolated in a high salt medium (primarily KCl) with a medium more closely simulating the internal milieu of the cell (primarily potassium gluconate and glycine). Discharge in response to calcium is similar in both media, requiring approximately 6 μM calcium for one-half maximal discharge. There are, however, significant differences in morphology and protein composition of the two types of preparations (more proteins present in the glycine cortices) and also in the rate of discharge of the vesicles in response to calcium (KCl cortices with 6 sec as opposed to 30 sec in the glycine cortices). The glycine cortices gradually lose their ability to respond to calcium but retention of calcium sensitivity is considerably aided by inclusion of ATP in the media; ATP has no apparent effect on discharge of the KCl cortices. The glycine cortices, as opposed to the KCl cortices, exhibited variation in calcium sensitivity during the breeding season and in the number of vesicles which would not break down in response to added calcium (referred to as refractory vesicles). The question of which type of cortex preparation most closely simulates the in vivo situation is discussed, and the view is presented that the glycine cortices most closely resemble the in vivo situation. 相似文献