Sophie S. Lim  Tasneem F. Mohammad  Indermeet Kohli  Iltefat Hamzavi  Michelle Rodrigues 《Pigment cell & melanoma research》2023,36(6):468-471

Understanding individuals' skin pigmentation and photosensitivity is important in judging risk of skin cancer and response to certain treatment modalities. However, individuals with darkly pigmented skin are poorly represented in the widely used Fitzpatrick skin phototype (FST) system. Moreover, the FST system is prone to misuse, as it relies on subjective patient and clinician assessment of skin type, and does not clearly differentiate pigmentation from photosensitivity. By evaluating the key literature surrounding the FST system, its criticisms and proposed alternatives, this review serves to understand how skin phototype classification can be optimised.  相似文献   

    

Barindra Sana  Ke Ding  Jia Wei Siau  Rupali Reddy Pasula  Sharon Chee  Sharad Kharel  Jean-Baptise Henri Lena  Eunice Goh  Lakshminarayanan Rajamani  Yeng Ming Lam  Sierin Lim  John F. Ghadessy 《Biotechnology and bioengineering》2023,120(11):3200-3209

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) hydrolase enzymes show promise for enzymatic PET degradation and green recycling of single-use PET vessels representing a major source of global pollution. Their full potential can be unlocked with enzyme engineering to render activities on recalcitrant PET substrates commensurate with cost-effective recycling at scale. Thermostability is a highly desirable property in industrial enzymes, often imparting increased robustness and significantly reducing quantities required. To date, most engineered PET hydrolases show improved thermostability over their parental enzymes. Here, we report engineered thermostable variants of Ideonella sakaiensis PET hydrolase enzyme (IsPETase) developed using two scaffolding strategies. The first employed SpyCatcher-SpyTag technology to covalently cyclize IsPETase, resulting in increased thermostability that was concomitant with reduced turnover of PET substrates compared to native IsPETase. The second approach using a GFP-nanobody fusion protein (vGFP) as a scaffold yielded a construct with a melting temperature of 80°C. This was further increased to 85°C when a thermostable PETase variant (FAST PETase) was scaffolded into vGFP, the highest reported so far for an engineered PET hydrolase derived from IsPETase. Thermostability enhancement using the vGFP scaffold did not compromise activity on PET compared to IsPETase. These contrasting results highlight potential topological and dynamic constraints imposed by scaffold choice as determinants of enzyme activity.  相似文献   

    

Dahwan Lim  Da Eun Jeong  Ho-Chul Shin  Joon Sig Choi  Jinho Seo  Seung Jun Kim  Bonsu Ku 《Proteins》2024,92(1):44-51

The activation or inactivation of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) antagonist/killer (Bak) is critical for controlling mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization-dependent apoptosis. Its pro-apoptotic activity is controlled by intermolecular interactions with the Bcl-2 homology 3 (BH3) domain, which is accommodated in the hydrophobic pocket of Bak. Bcl-2-interacting protein 5 (Bnip5) is a noncanonical BH3 domain-containing protein that interacts with Bak. Bnip5 is characterized by its controversial effects on the regulation of the pro-apoptotic activity of Bak. In the present study, we determined the crystal structure of Bak bound to Bnip5 BH3. The intermolecular association appeared to be typical at first glance, but we found that it is maintained by tight hydrophobic interactions together with hydrogen/ionic bonds, which accounts for their high binding affinity with a dissociation constant of 775 nM. Structural analysis of the complex showed that Bnip5 interacts with Bak in a manner similar to that of the Bak-activating pro-apoptotic factor peroxisomal testis-enriched protein 1, particularly in the destabilization of the intramolecular electrostatic network of Bak. Our structure is considered to reflect the initial point of drastic and consecutive conformational and stoichiometric changes in Bak induced by Bnip5 BH3, which helps in explaining the effects of Bnip5 in regulating Bak-mediated apoptosis.  相似文献   

    

Sehee Lee  Ronny Völz  You-Jin Lim  William Harris  Seongbeom Kim  Yong-Hwan Lee 《Molecular Plant Pathology》2023,24(6):602-615

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Da Won Lee  Yong Seong Lee  Jeong Hwan Lee  Hyun Joo Chung  Chae Eun Lee  Jong Seok Lim  Kisung Ko  Jin Wook Kim  Joongwon Choi  Soon Chul Myung 《Entomological Research》2023,53(10):380-389

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Sang Bin Kim  Nayoung Kim  Jaehyung Park  In-Chang Hwang  Seon Hee Lim  Du Hyun Song  Yonghoon Choi  Hyuk Yoon  Cheol Min Shin  Young Soo Park  Dong Ho Lee  Soyeon Ahn 《Helicobacter》2023,28(4):e12969

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Penelope A. Ajani  Hong Chang Lim  Arjun Verma  Malwenn Lassudrie  Katie McBean  Martina A. Doblin  Shauna A. Murray 《Phycological Research》2020,68(3):254-259

Certain species of the marine diatom genus Pseudo‐nitzschia are responsible for the production of the domoic acid (DA), a neurotoxin that can bioaccumulate in the food chain and cause amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) in animals and humans. This study extends our knowledge by reporting on the first observation of the potentially toxic species Pseudo‐nitzschia simulans from this region. One clonal strain of P. simulans was isolated from the East Australian Current and characterized using light and transmission electron microscopy, and phylogenetic analyses based on regions of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the D1–D3 region of the large subunit (LSU) of the nuclear‐encoded ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA), as well as examined for DA production as measured by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Although this strain was non‐toxic under the defined growth conditions, the results unambiguously confirmed that this isolate is the potentially toxic species P. simulans – the first report of this species from the Southern Hemisphere.  相似文献   

  总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Wei E. Huang  Boon Lim  Chia-Chen Hsu  Dan Xiong  Wei Wu  Yejiong Yu  Huidong Jia  Yun Wang  Yida Zeng  Mengmeng Ji  Hong Chang  Xiuming Zhang  Hui Wang  Zhanfeng Cui 《Microbial biotechnology》2020,13(4):950-961

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Youngkyoung Lim  Hyun‐Tae Shin  YoungHwan Choi  Dong‐Youn Lee 《Pigment cell & melanoma research》2020,33(2):318-325

Melanoma can develop in a congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN). In fact, a large CMN is associated with a high risk of developing melanoma. Although melanomas arising from CMNs are thought to have a pathogenesis distinct from conventional melanomas, no studies have been conducted on the evolution or tumor heterogeneity of CMN melanomas. We applied multi‐region whole‐exome sequencing to investigate the clonal nature of driver events and evolutionary processes in CMNs and melanomas arising from CMNs. In two patients, we observed an independent subclonal evolution in cancerized fields of CMNs and chromosome 8q amplification in both melanomas arising from CMNs. The amplification of MYC, located in chromosome 8q, was correlated with the percentage of tumor cells expressing high levels of MYC protein detected in melanoma cells by immunohistochemistry. Our analysis suggests that each CMN cell may evolve sporadically and that amplification of MYC might be a key event for melanoma development in CMNs.  相似文献   

    

Jinho Yoon  Minkyu Shin  Joungpyo Lim  Dong Yeon Kim  Taek Lee  Jeong‐Woo Choi 《Biotechnology journal》2020,15(6)

Biomolecules, especially proteins and nucleic acids, have been widely studied to develop biochips for various applications in scientific fields ranging from bioelectronics to stem cell research. However, restrictions exist due to the inherent characteristics of biomolecules, such as instability and the constraint of granting the functionality to the biochip. Introduction of functional nanomaterials, recently being researched and developed, to biomolecules have been widely researched to develop the nanobiohybrid materials because such materials have the potential to enhance and extend the function of biomolecules on a biochip. The potential for applying nanobiohybrid materials is especially high in the field of bioelectronics. Research in bioelectronics is aimed at realizing electronic functions using the inherent properties of biomolecules. To achieve this, various biomolecules possessing unique properties have been combined with novel nanomaterials to develop bioelectronic devices such as highly sensitive electrochemical‐based bioelectronic sensing platforms, logic gates, and biocomputing systems. In this review, recently reported bioelectronic devices based on nanobiohybrid materials are discussed. The authors believe that this review will suggest innovative and creative directions to develop the next generation of multifunctional bioelectronic devices.  相似文献