经血管灌流生长抑素对大鼠离体胃运动的抑制作用

采用血管灌流大鼠离体胃模型,探讨生长抑素对胃运动的影响。结果表明：（１）生长抑素能明显抑制胃窦自发和胃动素兴奋的胃运动;（２）生长抑素可抑制离体胃内源性胃泌素释放;（３）抗生长抑素血清和前列腺素合成酶抑制剂消炎痛可阻断生长抑素对胃窦运动的抑制作用。上述结果提示：生长抑素的抑制作用除通过直接作用于生长抑素受体外,还可能通过胃窦局部前列腺素介导来抑制胃的运动。     

嗜盐菌群对酸性金黄G的脱色特性和机理

【目的】为了获得能够在高盐环境下脱色偶氮染料的嗜盐菌群及其降解机理。【方法】采用富集驯化的方法获得一个嗜盐菌群,采用Illumina HiSeq2500测序平台对其群落结构进行测定;采用分光光度法测定了其降解特性;采用GC-MS和红外图谱分析了其降解机理;采用微核实验的方法比较了偶氮染料降解前后的毒性。【结果】该菌群在10%的盐度下,使100mg/L的酸性金黄G在8h内脱色。菌群主要由Zobellella、Rheinheimera、Exiguobacterium和Marinobacterium组成。最适宜的脱色条件是:pH=6,酵母粉为碳源,蛋白胨或硝酸钾作为氮源,盐度为1%–10%。酸性金黄G降解产物的毒性比降解前降低。酸性金黄G主要的降解产物是对氨基二苯胺和二苯胺。此外,该菌群还能使酸性大红GR和直接湖蓝5B等多种偶氮染料脱色,具有较好的脱色广谱性。【结论】获得了快速降解偶氮染料的嗜盐菌群及降解机理,为该嗜盐菌群应用于高盐印染废水的处理提供菌种资源和理论支持。     

大鼠全脑缺血后海马CA1区锥体神经元L型钙通道电流的改变(英文)

已有研究表明在脑缺血期间及再灌流后早期,海马CA1锥体神经元细胞内钙浓度明显升高,这一钙超载被认为是缺血性脑损伤的重要机制之一.电压依赖性钙通道是介导正常CA1神经元钙内流的主要途径.实验观察了脑缺血再灌流后早期海马CA1锥体神经元电压依赖性L型钙通道的变化.以改良的四血管闭塞法制作大鼠 15min前脑缺血模型,在急性分离的海马CA1神经元上,采用膜片钳细胞贴附式记录L型电压依赖性钙通道电流.脑缺血后CA1神经元L型钙通道的总体平均电流明显增大,这是由于通道的开放概率增加所致.进一步分析单通道动力学显示,脑缺血后通道的开放时间变长,通道的开放频率增大.研究结果提示L型钙通道功能活动增强可能参与了缺血后海马CA1锥体神经元的细胞内钙浓度升高     

逆境相关植物锌指蛋白的研究进展

锌是植物必需的营养元素,锌指蛋白因其具有指状结构特征且能结合Zn2 而得名,植物锌指蛋白包含特有的QALGGH保守结构,可能涉及调控植物特有的生物学功能。人们已经从拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)、矮牵牛(Petunia hybrida Vilm)、水稻(Oryza sativa)、大豆(Glycine max)、棉花(Gossypium hirsutum)等植物中克隆了许多编码锌指蛋白的基因,并对其结构及功能进行了研究。利用转基因技术,将一些与逆境胁迫相关的锌指蛋白基因在目标植物中过量表达后,能对植物起到增强抗逆性的作用,说明锌指蛋白在增强植物逆境抗性方面有着广阔的应用前景。     

湖南永顺县落叶木莲资源考察研究

首次报道湘西武陵山地永顺县发现国家一级保护植物落叶木莲。分布面积2000 hm2,多呈散生分布,稀有小面积群落,成年大树有5000余株,胸径5 cm以下幼树及小苗有20000余株。落叶木莲群落属常绿与落叶阔叶混交林,分布海拔400~900 m的山坡中下部,主要有枫香、野漆树、落叶木莲和甜槠、星毛石栎、落叶木莲等群落类型。此前,落叶木莲仅分布江西幕阜山地宜春市明月山,是木兰科木莲属极度濒危的唯一一个落叶树种,对探讨被子植物的起源和木兰科的系统演化有重要的科学意义。     

Preparation and characterization of magnetic microspheres for the purification of interferon alpha-2b

Magnetic agarose microspheres (MAMS), magnetic cellulose microspheres (MCMS), and magnetic poly(vinyl alcohol) microspheres (MPVAMS) were prepared by various different preparation methods. MCMS coupled with anti-IFN alpha-2b monoclonal antibodies (mAb) were selected for the purification of interferon alpha-2b (IFN alpha-2b) after performance characterization among microspheres. Parameters of immunomagnetic separation (IMS), including binding mAb, elution behavior, and sample pretreatment conditions, were optimized to improve the purification efficiency of the separation of IFN alpha-2b by MCMS. Size-exclusion HPLC (HPSEC) showed that the IFN alpha-2b was purified from crude cell lysate had an overall purity of 92.9%, while immunological and biological assays showed an activity recovery of 88.5% and specific antiviral activity of 2.7 x 10(8) IU/mg. Identity and molecular mass of purified IFN alpha-2b were confirmed by western blot and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) analysis. This study illustrated the favorable separation media which combined desired properties for the development of magnetic separation of biological materials.     

Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) inhibition reverses low cell activity on hydrophobic surfaces

Hydrophobic polymers do not offer an adequate scaffold surface for cells to attach, migrate, proliferate, and differentiate. Thus, hydrophobic scaffolds for tissue engineering have traditionally been physicochemically modified to enhance cellular activity. However, modifying the surface by chemical or physical treatment requires supplementary engineering procedures. In the present study, regulation of a cell signal transduction pathway reversed the low cellular activity on a hydrophobic surface without surface modification. Inhibition of Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) by Y-27632 markedly enhanced adhesion, migration, and proliferation of osteoblastic cells cultured on a hydrophobic polystyrene surface. ROCK inhibition regulated cell-cycle-related molecules on the hydrophobic surface. This inhibition also decreased expression of the inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases such as p21^cip1 and p27^kip1 and increased expression of cyclin A and D. These results indicate that defective cellular activity on the hydrophobic surface can be reversed by the control of a cell signal transduction pathway without physicochemical surface modification.     

N49 phospholipase A2, a unique subgroup of snake venom group II phospholipase A2

A novel phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂) with Asn at its site 49 was purified from the snake venom of Protobothrops mucrosquamatus by using SP-Sephadex C25, Superdex 75, Heparin-Sepharose (FF) and HPLC reverse-phage C₁₈ chromatography and designated as TM-N49. It showed a molecular mass of 13.875 kDa on MALDI-TOF. TM-N49 does not possess enzymatic, hemolytic and hemorrhagic activities. It fails to induce platelet aggregation by itself, and does not inhibit the platelet aggregation induced by ADP. However, it exhibits potent myotoxic activity causing inflammatory cell infiltration, severe myoedema, myonecrosis and myolysis in the gastrocnemius muscles of BALB/c mice. Phylogenetic analysis found that that TM-N49 combined with two phospholipase A₂s from Trimeresurus stejnegeri, TsR6 and CTs-R6 cluster into one group. Structural and functional analysis indicated that these phospholipase A₂s are distinct from the other subgroups (D49 PLA₂, S49 PLA₂ and K49 PLA₂) and represent a unique subgroup of snake venom group II PLA₂, named N49 PLA₂ subgroup.