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61.
Xindong Xu Yifeng Wang Changhong Wang Gangqiang Guo Xinyu Yu Yang Dai Yaobao Liu Guiying Wei Xiaohui He Ge Jin Ziqiu Zhang Qingtian Guan Arnab Pain Shengyue Wang Wenbao Zhang Neil D. Young Robin B. Gasser Donald P. McManus Jun Cao Qi Zhou Qingfeng Zhang 《Molecular ecology resources》2023,23(1):205-221
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生物成矿作用与生物矿化作用 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
列举55种生物矿物,其中包括氧化物,含氧盐,水化物,羟基化物,钙化合物,指出它们通常经历非晶质、过渡、成熟和石化等4个相阶段。根据生物矿物体的元素丰度顺序与岩石圈和生物圈对比,将生矿元素分为6类。提出生矿元素保留于生物体内8种形式,即可溶无机化合物、有机络合物、生矿粒、生矿簇、骨针、骨片、骨壳和骨骼,并以磷为例阐明了生矿元素的富集过程。按照生物作用型式,建议划分生物矿床为堆积、粘结、吸附和储集4种成因类型,分别讨论它们成矿的生物、矿物和矿床,分析形成的环境、过程和阶段,并介绍中国某些著名生物矿床实例。最后总结了生物矿床的地史演化趋向:金属硫化物矿床→条带状硅铁(锰)粘结矿床→叠层状白云岩粘结矿床→磷酸盐和碳酸锰粘结矿床→铅锌和油气储集矿床→煤和油气。 相似文献
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The plasma membrane of most cells is drawn tightly over the cytoskeleton of the cell, resulting in a significant tension being developed in the membrane. The tension in the membrane can be calculated from the force required to separate it from the cytoskeleton; and the force itself can be measured rapidly by using laser tweezers. Recent observations indicate that decreasing membrane tension stimulates endocytosis and increasing tension stimulates secretion. Thus, membrane tension provides a simple physical mechanism to control the area of the plasma membrane. Here, we speculate that tension is a global parameter that the cell uses to control physically plasma membrane dynamics, cell shape and cell motility. 相似文献
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动物细胞在鼓泡式生物反应器中的死亡速率 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
通过实验测定,证明生物反应器中细胞死亡速率与气体鼓泡速率成正比而与反应器体积成反比。实验发现气泡大小对细胞死亡速率具有两种作用,一种作用在于影响气泡表面积生成速率;另一种作用则在于影响细胞在气泡表面的吸附程度,其最佳直径为5mm左右。血清和Pluronic F68能显著降低细胞死亡速率,当Pluronic F68浓度达到0.1%时,kd趋于零。所有这些实验结果均与前文提出的生物反应器设计模型具有很好的一致性。 相似文献
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C4 Photosynthesis (The Effects of Leaf Development on the CO2-Concentrating Mechanism and Photorespiration in Maize) 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
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The effect of O2 on photosynthesis was determined in maize (Zea mays) leaves at different developmental stages. The optimum level of O2 for maximum photosynthetic rates was lower in young and senescing tissues (2-5 kPa) than in mature tissue (9 kPa). Inhibition of photosynthesis by suboptimal levels of O2 may be due to a requirement for functional mitochondria or to cyclic/pseudocyclic photophosphorylation in chloroplasts; inhibition by supraoptimal levels of O2 is considered to be due to photorespiration. Analysis of a range of developmental stages (along the leaf blade and at different leaf ages and positions) showed that the degree of inhibition of photosynthesis by supraoptimal levels of O2 increased rapidly once the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase and chlorophyll contents were below a critical level and was similar to that of C3 plants. Tissue having a high sensitivity of photosynthesis to O2 may be less effective in concentrating CO2 in the bundle sheath cells due either to limited function of the C4 cycle or to higher bundle sheath conductance to CO2. An analysis based on the kinetic properties of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase was used to predict the maximum CO2 level concentrated in bundle sheath cells at a given degree of inhibition of photosynthesis by supraoptimal levels of O2. 相似文献
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B. R. Lee K. Kitamoto O. Yamada C. Kumagai 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》1995,44(3-4):425-431
The nuclease S1 gene (nucS) from Aspergillus oryzae was isolated using a polymerase-chain-reaction-amplified DNA fragment as a probe, and a 2.6-kb SalI-EcoRI fragment containing the nucS gene was sequenced. It was deduced that the nucS gene had two short introns, 49 and 50 nucleotides in lenght. The nucS gene had an open-reading frame of 963 base pairs and coded for a protein of 287 amino acid residues, comprising the signal peptide of 20 amino acids and a mature protein of 267 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence agreed well with the published amino acid sequence except for one substitution. Southern hybridization analysis showed that the nucS gene existed as a single copy in the A. oryzae chromosome. When the structural gene of nucS was fused with the promoter of the glaA gene and introduced into A. oryzae, the yield od secreted nuclease S1 increased about 100-fold compared with the recipient strain. 相似文献