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排序方式: 共有109条查询结果,搜索用时 234 毫秒
61.
Dahlin Iris Kiær Lars P. Bergkvist Göran Weih Martin Ninkovic Velemir 《Plant and Soil》2020,447(1-2):537-551
Plant and Soil - Cultivar mixtures can increase productivity through complementarity in resource use, but reported results are often conflicting and the role of plasticity in shaping plant-plant... 相似文献
62.
Reed David E. Chen Jiquan Abraha Michael Robertson G. Philip Dahlin Kyla M. 《Ecosystems》2020,23(2):359-369
Ecosystems - To create a comprehensive view of ecosystem resource use, we integrated parallel resource use efficiency observations into a multiple-resource use efficiency (mRUE) framework using a... 相似文献
63.
João CR Cardoso Florbela A Vieira Ana S Gomes Deborah M Power 《BMC evolutionary biology》2010,10(1):135
Background
The secretin family is a pleotropic group of brain-gut peptides with affinity for class 2 G-protein coupled receptors (secretin family GPCRs) proposed to have emerged early in the metazoan radiation via gene or genome duplications. In human, 10 members exist and sequence and functional homologues and ligand-receptor pairs have been characterised in representatives of most vertebrate classes. Secretin-like family GPCR homologues have also been isolated in non-vertebrate genomes however their corresponding ligands have not been convincingly identified and their evolution remains enigmatic. 相似文献64.
Kasim Abul-Kasim Clas Backman Anders Björkman Lars B Dahlin 《Journal of brachial plexus and peripheral nerve injury》2010,5(1):1-7
Background
Although the injury to the peripheral nervous system is a common clinical problem, understanding of the role of melatonin in nerve degeneration and regeneration is incomplete.Methods
The current study investigated the effects of neonatal pinealectomy on the sciatic nerve microarchitecture in the chicken. The chickens were divided into two equal groups: unpinealectomized controls and pinealectomized chickens. At the end of the study, biochemical examination of 10 sciatic nerve samples from both groups was performed and a quantitative stereological evaluation of 10 animals in each group was performed. The results were compared using Mann-Whitney test.Results
In this study, the results of axon number and thickness of the myelin sheath of a nerve fiber in newly hatched pinealectomy group were higher than those in control group. Similarly, surgical pinealectomy group had significantly larger axonal cross-sectional area than the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, the average hydroxyproline content of the nerve tissue in neonatal pinealectomy group was higher than those found in control group. Our results suggest that melatonin may play a role on the morphologic features of the peripheral nerve tissue and that melatonin deficiency might be a pathophysiological mechanism in some degenerative diseases of peripheral nerves. The changes demonstrated by quantitative morphometric methods and biochemical analysis has been interpreted as a reflection of the effects of melatonin upon nerve tissue.Conclusion
In the light of these results from present animal study, changes in sciatic nerve morphometry may be indicative of neuroprotective feature of melatonin, but this suggestion need to be validated in the human setting. 相似文献65.
Erik V. Petersson Nurun Nahar Paul Dahlin Anders Broberg Rikard Tr?ger Paresh C. Dutta Lisbeth Jonsson Folke Sitbon 《PloS one》2013,8(12)
Steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGA) are toxic secondary metabolites naturally occurring in the potato, as well as in certain other Solanaceous plant species, such as tomato, eggplant and pepper. To investigate the steroidal origin of SGA biosynthesis, cut potato shoots were fed cholesterol labelled with deuterium (D) in the sterol ring structure (D5- or D6-labelled), or side chain (D7-labelled), and analysed after three or five weeks. The labelled cholesterol and presence of D-labelled SGA were analysed by GC-MS and LC-MS/MS, respectively. When feeding D-labelled cholesterol solubilised in Tween-80, labelled cholesterol in free form became present in both leaves and stems, although the major part was recovered as steryl esters. Minor amounts of D-labelled SGA (α-solanine and α-chaconine) were identified in cholesterol-treated shoots, but not in blank controls, or in shoots fed D6-27-hydroxycholesterol. Solubilising the labelled cholesterol in methyl-β-cyclodextrin instead of Tween-80 increased the levels of labelled SGA up to 100-fold, and about 1 mole% of the labelled cholesterol was recovered as labelled SGA in potato leaves. Both side chain and ring structure D labels were retained in SGA, showing that the entire cholesterol molecule is converted to SGA. However, feeding side chain D7-labelled cholesterol resulted in D5-labelled SGA, indicating that two hydrogen atoms were released during formation of the SGA nitrogen-containing ring system. Feeding with D7-sitosterol did not produce any labelled SGA, indicating that cholesterol is a specific SGA precursor. In conclusion, we have demonstrated a superior performance of methyl-β-cyclodextrin for delivery of cholesterol in plant tissue feeding experiments, and given firm evidence for cholesterol as a specific sterol precursor of SGA in potato. 相似文献
66.
João CR Cardoso Edwin CJM de Vet Bruno Louro Greg Elgar Melody S Clark Deborah M Power 《BMC evolutionary biology》2007,7(1):221
Background:
Duplicated genes are common in vertebrate genomes. Their persistence is assumed to be either a consequence of gain of novel function (neofunctionalisation) or partitioning of the function of the ancestral molecule (sub-functionalisation). Surprisingly few studies have evaluated the extent of such modifications despite the numerous duplicated receptor and ligand genes identified in vertebrate genomes to date. In order to study the importance of function in the maintenance of duplicated genes, sea bream (Sparus auratus) PAC1 receptors, sequence homologues of the mammalian receptor specific for PACAP (Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide), were studied. These receptors belong to family 2 GPCRs and most of their members are duplicated in teleosts although the reason why both persist in the genome is unknown. 相似文献67.
68.
Amber Dahlin Augusto Litonjua John J. Lima Mayumi Tamari Michiaki Kubo Charles G. Irvin Stephen P. Peters Kelan G. Tantisira 《PloS one》2015,10(6)
Background
Genome-wide association study (GWAS) is a powerful tool to identify novel pharmacogenetic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) are a major class of asthma medications, and genetic factors contribute to variable responses to these drugs. We used GWAS to identify novel SNPs associated with the response to the LTRA, montelukast, in asthmatics.Methods
Using genome-wide genotype and phenotypic data available from American Lung Association - Asthma Clinical Research Center (ALA-ACRC) cohorts, we evaluated 8-week change in FEV1 related to montelukast administration in a discovery population of 133 asthmatics. The top 200 SNPs from the discovery GWAS were then tested in 184 additional samples from two independent cohorts.Results
Twenty-eight SNP associations from the discovery GWAS were replicated. Of these, rs6475448 achieved genome-wide significance (combined P = 1.97 x 10-09), and subjects from all four studies who were homozygous for rs6475448 showed increased ΔFEV1 from baseline in response to montelukast.Conclusions
Through GWAS, we identified a novel pharmacogenomic locus related to improved montelukast response in asthmatics. 相似文献69.
Waste recovered by‐products can increase growth of grass–clover mixtures in low fertility soils and alter botanical and mineral nutrient composition
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A.S. Dahlin A. Ramezanian C.D. Campbell S. Hillier I. Öborn 《The Annals of applied biology》2015,166(1):105-117
The effectiveness of four by‐products (biogas digestate, pot ale, rockdust and wood ash) as fertilisers of a perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne)–red clover (Trifolium pratense) mixture in terms of biomass production, botanical composition and macro‐ and micronutrient concentrations was tested in an outdoor pot trial. This was carried out over two growing seasons using two inherently low‐fertility soils used for forage production. Macro‐ and micronutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Co, Cu, Mn, Mo and Zn) relevant for crops and livestock were determined in soils and plants. All the by‐products increased overall biomass production and affected nutrient concentrations of the individual plant species to varying degrees. In addition the competitive balance between grass and clover was altered leading to different botanical composition in the different treatments and consequently differences in the nutrient concentrations of the species mixture. Changes were due to the nutrients applied in the by‐products per se and/or to changes in the soil chemistry caused by the by‐products. The results suggest a potential to enhance agricultural productivity through improved production and quality of forage on less fertile land by matching of by‐products and soil properties. 相似文献
70.