扩散或不扩散：雄性太行山猕猴繁殖成功比较研究

典型的猕猴（Macaca multta）社群为多雄多雌型,雌性留群并形成母系单元,雄性多在亚成年或成年期离开出生群,而群内成年雄性多为外部迁入个体。雄性的迁出被认为可降低近亲繁殖或提升繁殖成功。然而,诸多野外数据显示,少数本群出生雄性个体会居留于出生群一年或数年。尽管驱动雄性离群的因素较复杂（如社会关系、近亲回避、繁殖成功）,但繁殖成功的差异可能是驱动雄性离群的主导因素。为探讨居留于出生群是否影响雄性的繁殖成功,于2010年3月至2014年1月,在太行山猕猴国家级自然保护区王屋山地区,以一群野生太行山猕猴为研究对象,采用非损伤取样法并结合分子生物学方法,分析了群内出生和迁入成年雄性个体的繁殖成功（以子代数量评估）。研究发现：(1)群内51只子代个体中有36只个体可以匹配到其遗传学父亲;(2)4个迁入雄性繁衍了34个子代,仅1只群内出生雄性ZM繁衍了2只子代,但群内出生的雄性BB未匹配到子代。本研究提示,迁入雄性较本群出生雄性的繁殖成功较高,即迁移有助于繁殖成功的提升。     

翳然林水与平冈小陂：豫园与寄畅园掇山比较研究

豫园与寄畅园是两座始建于明代的古典园林。两园造园各具特色,是明清两代交替时江南园林的代表,其中对两园园林格局产生深远影响的,是两座园林中的假山。本文通过对两园的掇山格局尺度、堆掇技法、造景逻辑3方面进行比较,探讨我国古典园林假山堆掇在晚明清初园林营造中的若干艺术发展趋向与问题。     

白介素6的信号转导及其相关疾病的治疗策略

IL-6是一种多功能的细胞因子, 同时IL-6的过度表达与一些疾病的发生和发展有密切关系.IL-6通过一个双链受体系统作用于靶细胞.实验结果表明,IL-6与80 ku的配基结合链IL-6R和信号转导子gp130构成一个相互作用的异六聚体模式,通过gp130的二聚体化引发胞内的信号转导.IL-6胞内的信号转导途径有两种:Jak-STATs路径和Ras-MAPK级联反应路径.靶向IL-6信号转导的药物设计和筛选研究将为IL-6相关疾病的治疗奠定坚实的基础.     

细胞表面半乳糖基转移酶及其生物学功能

根据mRNA转录子的大小,β-1,4-半乳糖基转移酶分为短型和长型两类半乳糖基转移酶.短型的位于高尔基体的成熟面.长型的主要表达在细胞表面,通过与相邻细胞表面或细胞外基质上的适当的糖苷底物的结合介导细胞-细胞和细胞-基质间的相互作用,如精子发生、精卵结合、早期胚胎细胞间粘附、次生滋养层巨细胞迁移和神经轴突向外生长等,或作为胞外寡糖链配基的信号传递受体影响G蛋白信号途径.另外,表面半乳糖基转移酶通过调节表皮生长因子受体信号传导能力向胞内传递生长抑制信号,在细胞增殖控制中起重要作用.     

Subzonal fertilization of mouse round spermatids

Mouse round spermatids were electrofused with homologous mature oocytes to examine the be-haviour of their nuclei within the ooplasm and the abilities of development. A single spermatid was injected in the perivitelline space of a mature oocyte and an electron fusion pulse was given. The best round spermatid-oocyte pairs (RS-O) fusion took place at 20-30 s AC (1 MHz, 50V/cm) followed by a single fusion DC pulse (3 700-3 800 V/cm, 25 μs) and another 30 s AC current. The total survival rate and fusion rate of RS-O were 89.0% (575/646) and 61. 9% (356/575), respectively. 49.2% (175/356) of fused oocytes developed to 2PN stage . The concentration of Ca2 in the fusion medium produced no significant effect on the above targets. The 2PN development rate of the fused RS-O from the oocytes collected 14-16 h after hCG injection was higher than others. 32.6% (57/175) of the 2PN oocytes had fully developed spermatid (male) and oocyte (female) pronuclei. The rest spermatid-derived pronu-clei remained small in size     

THE COMPARISON BETWEEN FLEA COMMUNITIES ON TEN SPECIES OF SMALL MAMMALS IN THE FOCI OF HUMAN PLAGUE IN YUNNAN CHINA*

Abstract Fleas on the body surface of a certain species of small mammal form a special flea community. On the basis of a series of calculations, a comparison of flea communities on ten species of small mammals in the foci of human plague in Yunnan Province, China, was carried out through a fuzzy clustering analysis. The three flea communities on Rattus flavipectus, Rattus nitidus and Rattus rattus sladeni, which belong to the same genus (genus Rattus) showed a higher similarity than others and they clustered into a group in the phenogram of the clustering analysis. Other flea communities on Anourosorez squamipes Suncus murinus Crocidura attenuata Apodemus draca Eothenomys eleusis, Niviventer confucianus and Mus pahari showed lower similarities between each other. The result suggests that the small mammal hosts may be the most important factor which strongly influence the similarity of ectoparasitic flea communities. When the hosts have a close affinity in the taxonomy, the flea communities on their body surface tend to be similar. The hosts in different genera in this case study tend to have different types of ectoparasitic flea communities.     

流式细胞术检测胃癌前病变DNA及p21，p53含量

应用流式细胞术和免疫荧光技术,对80例胃癌前病变细胞中DNA含量,rasp21和p53蛋白进行定量检测,探讨其在胃癌前病变中,作为癌变早期标志物的临床意义.检测结果发现,胃癌前病变的DNA异倍体率随不典型增生病变的分级增高而增加, rasp21和p53蛋白的表达量亦随胃癌前病变不典型增生程度的加重而增高.DNA异倍体和rasp21表达阳性的胃癌前病变出现的癌变率显著增高,提示可能是癌变早期的分子标志物.     

器官间关系对叶片衰老的影响

叶片衰老是整个植株生理特性的敏感表现,受根系、茎、生殖器官和其他叶片等器官的影响。器官间关系影响叶片衰老可能是通过竞争体内营养、水分等物质、竞争环境因子、源库关系、激素等信息系统调节等机制实现的。从整株水平上加强叶片衰老的生理机制和控制技术研究,将为生产上控制衰老、减少叶片异常衰老造成的产量和品质损失提供有效的技术途径。     

大熊猫精液品质的研究：精子和非精子的细胞成分超微结构观察

本文对刚接近性成熟大熊猫的精液在电子显微镜下进行精液品质鉴定,观察结果,除少量完成变态的精子外,多数是处在精子发生的各阶段并发育不正常,精液中伴随着大量巨噬细胞和被吞噬的衰亡精子及其碎片。镜检结果不仅说明这只雄性大熊猫性尚未成熟,其生殖系统可能还伴有生理或病理现象,这样的精液建议不能用于配种。     

Changes of Con A Receptor Sites on Mammalian Sperms during Capacitation and Acrosome Reaction

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