Evidence for Sulfhydryl Involvement in Regulation of Phytoalexin Accumulation in Trifolium repens Callus Tissue Cultures

White clover (Trifolium repens L.) callus tissue cultures accumulated the phytoalexin medicarpin after treatment with sulfhydryl reagents. After 24-hour exposures to sulfhydryl reagents, maximum obtainable levels of medicarpin, determined by high performance liquid chromatography analysis, were found with 50 millimolar N-ethyl maleimide, 25 millimolar HgCl₂, 2 millimolar p-chloromercuribenzoic acid, and 0.5 millimolar iodoacetamide. Increased medicarpin levels were also observed in callus treated with p-chloromercuribenzene sulfonic acid, but the highest concentration tested (11.8 millimolar) did not produce the maximum response. After sulfhydryl treatment, medicarpin levels were unchanged for 4 to 6 hours, but steadily increased thereafter with maximum accumulation occurring by 48 to 50 hours for p-chloromercuribenzoic acid, p-chloromercuribenzene sulfonic acid, and HgCl₂ treated callus. Medicarpin levels did not increase in iodoacetamide-treated callus until 8 hours after sulfhydryl exposure, and medicarpin levels were still increasing linearly after 50 hours. Three other metabolic inhibitors, KCN, NaF, and Na₃AsO₄, did not exhibit elicitor activity, indicating cell death was not a factor in the response. Pretreatment of callus with 20 millimolar dithiothreitol followed by 40 millimolar N-ethyl maleimide did not produce the phytoalexin response. Preincubation with dithiothreitol also prevented elicitor activity of HgCl₂ and p-chloromercuribenzene sulfonic acid. These results suggested that dithiothreitol pretreatment somehow prevented sulfhydryl groups within the cell from reacting with the test compounds. These experiments established that the integrity of sulfhydryl groups is important in regulating phytoalexin accumulation in callus cells.     

Arterial imaging with computerized fluoroscopy

Computerized fluoroscopy (CF) allows visualization of any segment of the arterial vascular system with intravenous injection of small volumes of standard iodinated contrast media. Because it avoids the risk of arterial puncture and the need for hospitalization, this technique is safer and more economical than standard arteriography. Because of these advantages, CF is likely to expand the role of arteriography in the clinical management of vascular disease. Computerized arteriographic imaging requires an intravenous power injection of 40 to 60 cc of iodinated contrast media. Immediately after injection, six to ten fluoroscopic images (1/15 sec duration) are obtained at 1.5-sec intervals. The first image serves as a mask from which subsequent images are serially subtracted by means of a digital video image processor. The sequence of different images is contrast enhanced and stored on a video disk. Video images are converted to hard copy arteriography with a standard multiformat camera. Technical failures (<5%) may result from patient motion, inadequate peripheral venous access, or extravasation of contrast media. Nearly 600 computerized intravenous arteriograms have been performed in 240 patients with peripheral vascular disease. Qualitative com-parisons with standard arteriograms suggest a close correlation between these two imaging techniques. Computerized fluoroscopy allows the identification of atheromatous plaque ulceration, stenoses, occlusions, and aneurysms. This method has been used to visualize the aortic arch and its branches, the cervical and intracranial vessels, the abdominal aorta, and arteries of the extremities. Computerized fluoroscopy has great potential as a method for safe, simple diagnostic screening and assessment of the postoperative patient.     

枸杞叶片愈伤组织的诱导及植株的再生

枸杞属植物(Lycium haminifoliumMill)花粉粒发育成胚和植株的形成已有报导。本文报导枸杞叶外植体的愈伤组织诱导及其植株的再生。从未开花植株上摘取无病虫害的叶片作材料,先用流水冲洗除去尘土,然后在70％的酒精中浸20秒左右,再在含万分之二昇汞和5％安替福民的溶液中消毒4～5分钟(消毒时间不能过长,以免伤害叶片)。用无菌水淋洗3～5次后,在无菌条件下将叶片横切成1厘米左右的切段,接种在Murashige和Skoog培养基上,培养基附加激动素(K)2.0,吲哚乙酸(IAA)2.0或K4.0,IAA     

实验性肝癌形成过程中染色质组分的量的变化

平行观察了三甲基奶油黄(3′-Me-DAB)诱发大鼠肝癌不同期的病理形态变化及染色质组分含量变化。染色质非组蛋白含量以及非组蛋白与组蛋白的比值,随细胞癌变而逐渐增加,而且这些变化出现在细胞形态变化之前。表明非组蛋白含量的增加和细胞基因表达失常、从而出现癌变有关。     

Effects of energy level and monensin on reproductive performance and lactation of beef cows

This experiment consisted of a 2 year drylot study involving 80 multiparous, suckled beef cows (40 Angus and 40 Herefords). Experimental treatments (breed, monensin and year) were arranged in 2(3) factorial to evaluate the effect of breed and monensin on reproductive performance and lactation. Cows received 85% of the NRC total digestible nutrient (TDN) requirement for the first 56 days of the 140 day trial. Cows were synchronized with Synchro-Mate B and artificially inseminated 30 days into each trial with blood samples collected for luteinizing hormone (LH) analysis from one-half of each treatment group from 24 to 36 hours after implant removal. Progesterone determinations were made on plasma samples collected at day 9 and 16 after implant removal. On day 56, milk yield estimates were obtained by the weigh-suckle-weight technique. Following these collections, energy levels were increased by allowing ad lib consumption of forage. Calves, which were removed from the cows during feeding, were given access to a 75% TDN creep ration after day 56. Milk estimates were again evaluated at 140 days. Monensin supplementation did not result in a difference in cow weight change through the restricted energy period (first 56 days) or throughout the entire 140 day period. Milk yield estimates at 56 and 140 days and calf gains throught the trial, were unaffected by monensin supplementation. Monensin resulted in no effect on conception rate or services per conception. The time of the LH peak was shifted slightly forward by monensin although not significantly. Progesterone levels were not consistently affected by monensin supplementation.     

Cannulation of the equine oviduct and chemical analysis of oviduct fluid

Siliconized rubber tubes were used to cannulate one oviduct in 7 mares, and secretions were collected in a polycarbonate container located externally, in the region of the left paralumbar fossa. Secretion rates were recorded daily during the estrous cycle. Concentrations of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, inorganic phosphorus and glucose were determined in the oviduct fluids secreted throughout the estrous cycle. Secretion rates were greatest during estrus (days 1-9), with a significant decrease (P<.01) noted during nonestrus (days 10-21). Concentrations of all constitutents measured were low during estrus, with a marked elevation in concentration during the nonestrus period. Histologic examination of oviducts following long-term cannulation demonstrated infiltration of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and small areas of degenerated epithelium.     

荧光探针菲啶溴红(Ethidium Bromide)测定微量核酸的方法

一、前言核酸是重要的生物大分子,是现代生物学、医学等研究的主要对象之一。在核酸的研究中,常采用比色法和紫外分光光度法测定核酸的含量,这些方法步骤繁琐,灵敏度不高。本文探讨六十年代后期由Le Pecq等提出的,并由S.P.Ananda应用到生物组织样品中的一种新的测定核酸的荧光方法。常温下核酸自身荧光很弱,不能直接探测到。利用荧光探针——菲啶溴红(简称 Eth Br)插入核酸的双链区时,其量子产率大大增高,它和核酸形成一     

Phytochrome: A Re-examination of the Quaternary Structure

Highly purified phytochrome samples from rye (Secale Cereale cv. Cougar) were fractionated by ultracentrifugation in isokinetic sucrose density gradients. Three protein species were separated with estimated sedimentation coefficients of 6.5S, 8.0S, and 11.5S. The 6.5S and 8.0S forms contained photoreversible phytochrome and produced a single subunit of 120,000 molecular weight upon reduction and electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. The 11.5S species contained no detectable phytochrome. Reduction and electrophoresis of the 11.5S species in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate produced a major polypeptide of 32,000 molecular weight and a minor polypeptide of 48,000 molecular weight. The square tetrameric structures, observed by electron microscopy and previously thought to be phytochrome molecules, were found to be due to the presence of this 11.5S species in phytochrome preparations.     

从斑点马鲛鱼检出产色素的非OI群霍乱弧菌

作者从斑点马鲛鱼检出一株产褐色色素的非OI群霍乱弧菌,具有这一特点之菌株尚未见有文献报道。虽该菌株未检出有肠毒素,但有溶血素,仍是可疑的腹泻病原菌。