遮荫对青桐幼苗生长性状与化学计量特征的影响

营养元素含量及化学计量比可反映植物器官营养元素的分配及互作关系,亦可反映其营养利用效率及生长环境的养分限制状况.以青桐(Firmiana platanifolia)幼苗为材料,分析4种不同光强(全光照,50％、75％和95％遮荫)对青桐幼苗生长,C、N、P、K含量及其化学计量特征的影响.结果 表明:遮荫对青桐幼苗的生长...     

儿童抗体滴度与确证的抗流感病毒感染保护之间关联性的评估

<正>通过血凝抑制试验测定的抗体滴度与抗流感病毒感染保护作用是相关联的,并且被用来作为疫苗审批的特定指标。在一项有773名6-17岁儿童参与的随机有对照的季节性流感疫苗接种的现场试验中,作者评估了1∶40的抗A(H1N1)pdm09和B(Victoria谱系)的血凝抑制(HAI)滴度与抗每一株引起的由PCR确证感染的保护相关,抗前者的保护     

硒对铅暴露致神经损伤的拮抗作用研究

目的:研究铅暴露诱导的神经毒性损伤作用,明确铅暴露引发神经毒性损伤的部分机制以及硒的保护作用。方法:通过哺乳期染铅及补充硒建立铅暴露动物模型;通过TUNEL实验确定铅暴露引发的神经损伤;通过Western blot实验检测Bax、Bcl-2、Caspase-3水平确定铅暴露对凋亡途径的启动;并确证补硒在铅神经毒性作用下对机体的保护作用。结果:1.哺乳期铅暴露能够引起仔鼠海马神经细胞凋亡的发生;2.铅暴露能够诱导Bax/Bcl-2水平改变,激活Caspase-3。3.同时给予硒干预后,机体抗铅神经毒性能力显著增加。结论:1.铅暴露能够诱导海马部位神经毒性损伤,损伤可能通过启动凋亡途径而发生,2.补硒能够通过拮抗凋亡发生从而拮抗铅的神经毒性,产生保护作用。     

The phylogenetic analysis of variable-length sequence data: elongation factor-1alpha introns in European populations of the parasitoid wasp genus Pauesia (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae)

Elongation factor-1alpha (EF-1alpha) is a highly conserved nuclear coding gene that can be used to investigate recent divergences due to the presence of rapidly evolving introns. However, a universal feature of intron sequences is that even closely related species exhibit insertion and deletion events, which cause variation in the lengths of the sequences. Indels are frequently rich in evolutionary information, but most investigators ignore sites that fall within these variable regions, largely because the analytical tools and theory are not well developed. We examined this problem in the taxonomically problematic parasitoid wasp genus Pauesia (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) using congruence as a criterion for assessing a range of methods for aligning such variable-length EF-1alpha intron sequences. These methods included distance- and parsimony-based multiple-alignment programs (CLUSTAL W and MALIGN), direct optimization (POY), and two "by eye" alignment strategies. Furthermore, with one method (CLUSTAL W) we explored in detail the robustness of results to changes in the gap cost parameters. Phenetic-based alignments ("by eye" and CLUSTAL W) appeared, under our criterion, to perform as well as more readily defensible, but computationally more demanding, methods. In general, all of our alignment and tree-building strategies recovered the same basic topological structure, which means that an underlying phylogenetic signal remained regardless of the strategy chosen. However, several relationships between clades were sensitive both to alignment and to tree-building protocol. Further alignments, considering only sequences belonging to the same group, allowed us to infer a range of phylogenetic relationships that were highly robust to tree-building protocol. By comparing these topologies with those obtained by varying the CLUSTAL parameters, we generated the distribution area of congruence and taxonomic compatibility. Finally, we present the first robust estimate of the European Pauesia phylogeny by using two EF-1alpha introns and 38 taxa (plus 3 outgroups). This estimate conflicts markedly with the traditional subgeneric classification. We recommend that this classification be abandoned, and we propose a series of monophyletic species groups.     

龟鳖类锥虫两新种（动体目：锥体科）

龟鳖类锥虫的研究,国内外均比较少。本文记述了在中华鳖和乌龟血液中发现的两新种,鳖锥虫和龟锥虫。这是国内首次对龟鳖类锥虫研究的报道。     

L-赖氨酸分批发酵连续补糖的研究

用L-赖氨酸产生株纯齿棒状杆菌PI-3-2(Hsc^-,AEC⁺)在8L自控发酵小罐上,用恒稀释率指数递增方式连续补加葡萄糖液进行L-赖氨酸分批发酵的研究。结果表明,一次投糖分批发酵时,较高糖浓度使比产酸速率Qp值下降,不能有效地提高产酸水平。采用连续补糖方式可以改变菌体竞争底物的能力或改善代谢途径,增大耗底物分数a2或真正产酸率yp,;从而增加表观产酸率Yp值,提高葡萄糖转化率。此方式的发酵属Caden动力学分类第I型,在发酵的中后期控制H等条件,可增加比产酸速率Qp值,提高发酵水平。PI-3-2菌株的产酸水平可由47．Mg／ml提高到64．2mg／ml(总糖浓度18．18％时),避离可达73．3mg／m1(总糖浓度22．73mg／ml时)。     

吉戈菲肠杆菌中SHV-2耐药基因的序列分析

近来一个值得注意的现象,即肠杆菌科中某些菌属对头孢噻甲羧肟(ceftazidime,caz)等三代头孢菌素的耐药有不同程度增长,这是由于细菌产生了超广谱β-内酰胺酶(Esbla),或染色体Ⅰ型酶所致.在我们前一步的研究中,发现一耐caz的Ent.gergoviae菌株,含有一约60kb的可接合转移质粒pC3773.其上有一编码SHV类Esbla的基因,为深入了解此Esbla基因的分子特点,以及酶结构与功能的关系,本文用测定核苷酸序列的方法进行了研究.     

猪微注射基因胚胎的自体移植

冲取７头超排或自然发情配种的湖北白猪后备母猪１-４细胞期胚胎８６枚,显微注射ＯＭＴ／ＰＧＨ基因后,移植回原供体母猪的输卵管内。其中５头受孕,４头维持到分娩,产仔１１头,产仔率１２。８％（１１／８６）;经分子杂交检测,３头阳性,基因整合率２７。３％（３／１１）。转基因效率３。５％（３／８６）。     

LFA—1在胸腺细胞活化信号传导中的功能研究

在Ｃｏｎ Ａ和固相抗ＣＤ３单抗刺激系统中,应用抗ＬＦＡ－１／ＩＣＡＭ－１单抗,研究其在胸腺细胞活化中的功能作用,结果证明,培养初期加入可溶性抗ＬＦＡ－１可完全阻断Ｃｏｎ Ａ活化腺细胞增殖,对固相抗ＣＤ３单抗诱导的胸腺细胞活化也表现也相同的抑制效应,但对Ｃｏｎ Ａ刺激２４ｈ后的胸腺细胞应答以及ＩＬ－１＋ＩＬ－２诱导的胸腺细胞直殖无影响,在可溶性抗ＬＦＡ－１单抗的存在下,Ｃｏｎ Ａ诱导胸腺细胞合成ＩＬ     

甘蔗节间伸长过程赤霉素生物合成关键基因的表达及相关植物激素动态变化

以甘蔗(Saccharum officinarum)优良品种桂糖42号(GT42)为研究材料, 分别于未伸长期(9-10叶龄以前) (Ls1)、伸长初期(12-13叶龄) (Ls2)和伸长盛期(15-16叶龄) (Ls3)取甘蔗第2片真叶(自顶部起)对应的节间组织, 测定其赤霉素(GA)、生长素(IAA)、油菜素甾醇(BR)、细胞分裂素(CTK)、乙烯(ETH)和脱落酸(ABA)的含量, 并通过实时荧光定量PCR (qRT-PCR)分析赤霉素合成途径关键基因GA₂₀氧化酶基因(GA20-Oxidase1)、赤霉素受体基因(GID1)和DELLA蛋白编码基因(GAI)的差异表达。结果表明, 在甘蔗伸长期间, GA和IAA含量呈现上升趋势, CTK和ABA含量呈下降趋势, ETH含量先上升后下降, BR含量则变化不明显; GA20-Oxidase1和GID1的表达呈上升趋势, 而GAI的表达则呈下降趋势, 这与相关植物激素的变化基本一致。综上, 甘蔗节间伸长过程主要与GA和IAA相关, 其次为CTK和ABA, 而ETH受到IAA的调控影响节间伸长; 植物激素间通过相互作用调控GA20-Oxidase1、GID1和GAI的表达, 影响GA含量和GA的信号转导过程, 进而影响甘蔗节间的伸长。该研究揭示了甘蔗节间伸长过程中赤霉素生物合成途径和信号转导关键基因的差异表达及植物激素含量的动态变化规律。