抗磺胺对甲氧嘧啶单克隆抗体的研制及其特性分析

目的制备针对磺胺对甲氧嘧啶的单克隆抗体,建立对该物质的免疫学检测方法。方法以BSA-磺胺对甲氧嘧啶为免疫原,免疫BALB／c小鼠,取脾细胞与小鼠Sp-2／0骨髓瘤细胞融合后,经筛选和亚克隆,建立杂交瘤细胞株。结果获得2株能稳定分泌抗磺胺对甲氧嘧啶抗体的细胞株。对抗体进行了特性分析,抗体的效价分别为1：400000和1：1630000,抗体类型及亚类都为IgGl。其中,单克隆抗体1H10的亲和力为1．4×109L／mol,利用该抗体采用竞争间接ELISA法检测磺胺对甲氧嘧啶的范围是1025—16μg/mL,最低检测浓度是8μg/mL。单抗1H10与其他6种磺胺药（SMM、SMZ、SM2、SD、SulfaquinoxalineSodium、Sulfametetyrazine）无交叉反应。结论单克隆抗体1H10可用于研制免疫学方法检测磺胺对甲氧嘧啶残留的产品。     

Genetic Structure and Kinship Patterns in a Population of Black Howler Monkeys, Alouatta pigra, at Palenque National Park, Mexico

We investigated the genetic structure and kinship patterns of black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) at Palenque National Park, Mexico. Fecal samples from 49 individuals residing in eight social groups were successfully genotyped for 19 polymorphic microsatellite markers known to be variable in other ateline primates. Overall, genetic diversity was low (H_o = 0.588) with an average of 4.2 alleles per loci (range = 2–8). We found that intergroup genetic variation among adults was relatively high (mean between‐group F_ST = 0.119), largely due to the genetic divergence of one study group from the others. Intragroup kinship patterns showed that in most social groups, either adult males, adult females, or individuals of both sexes resided with same‐sexed adult kin, suggesting that some black howler males and females may not disperse from their natal group or may disperse with related individuals. Of the six sampled immigrant males, two males joined established groups by themselves, and four males formed two pairs that each took over the social group they joined after evicting the resident males. Males in both these coalitions were genetically closely related, while the two solitary immigrants were not closely related to any of the resident males present in the group they joined. Am. J. Primatol. 74:948‐957, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Genetic structure of a novel biofuel-producing microorganism community

Biofuels are an important alternative, renewable source of energy in the face of the ongoing depletion of fossil fuels. Cheese whey is a dairy industry waste characterized by high lactose concentration, which represents a significant environmental problem. Bio-ethanol production by cheese whey could be an effective nonvegetable source for renewable energy production. Here, we report the isolation of a mixed microbial population, able to produce ethanol as main fermentation product from fermenting whey. The microbial consortium has been used to perform a batch fermentation of crude whey in both anoxic and hypoxic conditions. Maximum ethanol concentrations achieved in this study was obtained using the mixed culture in hypoxic conditions, grown at pH 4 and 30°C, with ethanol production yield of 60 g/L. Our research has pointed out an alternative way to both dispose and valorize cheese whey, a dairy by-product that could cause water pollution and harm to the environment if not properly treated.     

樟子松乙醇提取物体外抗氧化活性研究

测定了樟子松球果、树皮、树叶、木质部4个部位提取物的总抗氧化能力、总还原力、二苯代苦味酰基（DPPH·）清除能力、羟基自由基（·OH）清除能力、超氧阴离子（O^·₂）清除能力5个指标,并以抗坏血酸（Vc）为阳性对照评价从樟子松4个部位提取的松多酚体外抗氧化活性。结果表明：（1）从樟子松树皮中提取的樟子松多酚表现出较强的抗氧化能力,在较高浓度下与抗氧化剂（Vc）相差较小;从樟子松球果中提取的樟子松多酚也表现出较强的还原力,甚至超过阳性对照抗氧化剂Vc;（2）从樟子松树皮中提取的樟子松多酚在二苯代苦味酰基（DPPH·）清除能力、羟基自由基（·OH）清除能力上均为三者之中最高的,但都不超过抗氧化剂（Vc）的抗氧化能;（3）超氧阴离子（O^·₂）清除能力。三者的清除率均为负值,说明该方法测定超氧阴离子（O^·₂）清除率存在干扰因素,无法比较三者在这一指标上的能力大小。上述结果表明樟子松乙醇提取物具有较强的抗氧化能力,可作为天然的抗氧化剂。     

大兴安岭塔河地区林火发生的优势预测模型选择

选取在经济学和社会科学领域广泛应用的零膨胀模型(zero-inflated models)和栅栏模型(Hurdle models)对大兴安岭地区林火发生进行模拟,应用赤池准则(AIC)、似然比检验(LR)和模型残差平方和(SSR)对两类共4个回归模型——零膨胀泊松模型(ZIP)、零膨胀负二项模型(ZINB)、栅栏泊松模型(PH)、栅栏负二项模型(NBH)进行拟合分析,最终选取适合此林火发生特性的预测模型.模型的AIC和SSR值表明,ZINB模型对当地林火数据的拟合度最高.运用LR检验对嵌套模型(ZINB与ZIP,NBH与PH)进行检验,结果显示: ZINB和NBH均优于各自的嵌入模型,说明负二项(NB)模型对数据结构中的过度离散现象可以很好地模拟和解释.根据研究区林火实际发生规律和两类不同模型的应用假设条件判断,零膨胀模型更适合塔河地区的林火特性.     

无芒隐子草CsPEAMT基因克隆及表达特性分析

以无芒隐子草(Cleistogenes songorica)干旱胁迫下的cDNA文库中磷酸乙醇胺N-甲基转移酶(phosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferase,PEAMT)基因的EST序列为基础,采用RACE方法克隆该基因编码区序列,该序列全长为2 104bp,开放读码框1 506bp,编码501个氨基酸。无芒隐子草PEAMT蛋白编码的氨基酸序列与多种植物的PEAMT氨基酸序列有较高相似性,其中与高粱SbPEAMT、玉米ZmPEAMT的蛋白序列相似性最高(93%),说明PEAMT基因在植物进化中非常保守。采用实时定量RT-PCR分析无芒隐子草幼苗在干旱过程中CsPEAMT基因的表达结果显示,干旱胁迫诱导CsPEAMT基因在根和叶中大量表达,且在干旱第8天时CsPEAMT基因在叶和根中表达量分别是未干旱对照的43.35倍和13.25倍,复水后CsPEAMT基因的表达量开始下调。研究表明CsPEAMT基因可能是无芒隐子草抗旱性相关的基因。     

药物分析技术应用研究新进展

通过对2012 年我国学者在国内外发表的有关药物分析技术应用研究论文进行检索和整理,分类综述针对化学药物、基因工程药物以及中药等各类药物或生物样本的过程分析技术、高通量筛选分析技术、固态性质表征分析技术、杂质谱检测分析技术、体内样本分析技术、中药分析技术、生化药物分析技术等的应用研究新进展。     

养殖中华绒螯蟹肠道内优势细菌群组成分析

采用荧光染色计数法对养殖中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)肠道内微生物进行定量分析。结果表明肠道内细菌数量为(2.5±0.9)×106/μL。同时采用分离培养与16S rDNA基因克隆测序相结合的方法对其进行多样性分析,旨在揭示其中可培养细菌的组成结构。结果发现,分离自养殖中华绒螯蟹肠道内的49株代表性细菌均属于γ-变形菌纲(Gammaproteobacteria),其中假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、气单胞菌属(Aeromonas)和肠杆菌科(Enterobacteriales)为优势菌群。