钩吻(Gelsemium elegans)生物碱结构类型增补探讨

根据对亚洲钩吻(Gelsemium elegans)的化学研究结果,探讨将已知5种生物碱骨架类型扩展为9种,其中新增补并命名为Geleboline-type,Gelselegine-type,Gelsemamide-type,以及首次报道在亚洲钩吻中得到的Yohimbane-type类型。     

Overview of sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus mortality events in the Adriatic Sea, 1555–2009

• 1 In the Mediterranean Sea, the sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus is one of eight regular cetacean species. Poor knowledge of its ecology and status, together with suspected decline in numbers, make studies of historical and present occurrence especially relevant. Long‐term time series of stranding events are the most reliable data to provide a scientific framework for testing hypotheses that seek to explain the mechanisms responsible for cetacean strandings.
• 2 We present a comprehensive overview of cases of sperm whale mortality and human response to such events encompassing five centuries (1555–2009) within a portion of the Mediterranean Sea that offers a wealth of historical information – the Adriatic Sea.
• 3 A total of 36 mortality events were validated, involving 68 animals. Two findings of skeletal materials are also reported. The geographic distribution of strandings within the basin clearly was uneven: 44% of records (n = 16) were clustered along a 280km portion of the western Adriatic coast. A relatively high number of mortality events occurred along gently sloping sandy beaches away from suitable sperm whale habitat.
• 4 Until the first half of the 20th century, live‐stranded animals were routinely killed: all but one cases with known human response elicited killing attempts. Starting from the 1980s, killing was replaced by efforts to rescue the animals.
• 5 Mass strandings of sperm whales have occurred since historical times in the Adriatic Sea. Mortality events involving multiple individuals accounted for at least 17% of the total sample (6 of 36 mortality events). At least 29% of live strandings (6 of 21) involved more than one individual.
• 6 This study contributes a long‐term dataset based on careful validation of historical information, suitable for hypothesis testing aimed at investigating spatial and temporal correlates of sperm whale strandings – particularly live strandings – as a clue to their causes.

     

江苏农业种质资源平台运行管理信息系统建设

为促进农业种质资源开放共享,江苏省于2005年启动农业种质资源保护与利用平台建设,经过十多年的努力,初步建成了“四位一体”“库圃结合”的农业种质资源保护与利用体系,涵盖农作物、林木、水产和家养动物4大类共计30个省级种质库(圃),有力地支撑了江苏现代农业品种创新与产业发展.由于平台跨学科、跨行业建设,种质库(圃)遍布全...     

甲状腺功能减退患者实施快乐因子刺激干预的临床观察

目的:探讨快乐因子刺激干预对甲状腺功能减退患者进行护理的临床效应.方法:选取52例甲状腺功能减退患者,随机分为对照组和试验组,各26例.对照组给予常规治疗及护理,试验组在对照组的基础上采用快乐因子刺激进行护理干预,比较两组患者服药依从性及治疗效果,并采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)与汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)对两组患者进行测评.结果:试验组实施干预后,HAMD与HAMA评分明显降低,与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);试验组患者对治疗的依从性明显好于对照组(P＜0.05),试验组治疗效果优于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:快乐因子刺激干预能有效提高甲减患者的正性情绪,提高服药依从性,增强治疗效果.     

Population genetic structure of North Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea and Sea of Cortez fin whales, Balaenoptera physalus (Linnaeus 1758): analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear loci

Samples were collected from 407 fin whales, Balaenoptera physalus , at four North Atlantic and one Mediterranean Sea summer feeding area as well as the Sea of Cortez in the Pacific Ocean. For each sample, the sex, the sequence of the first 288 nucleotides of the mitochondrial (mt) control region and the genotype at six microsatellite loci were determined. A significant degree of divergence was detected at all nuclear and mt loci between North Atlantic/Mediterranean Sea and the Sea of Cortez. However, the divergence time estimated from the mt sequences was substantially lower than the time elapsed since the rise of the Panama Isthmus, suggesting occasional gene flow between the North Pacific and North Atlantic ocean after the separation of the two oceans. Within the North Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea, significant levels of heterogeneity were observed in the mtDNA between the Mediterranean Sea, the eastern (Spain) and the western (the Gulf of Maine and the Gulf of St Lawrence) North Atlantic. Samples collected off West Greenland and Iceland could not be unequivocally assigned to either of the two areas. The homogeneity tests performed using the nuclear data revealed significant levels of divergence only between the Mediterranean Sea and the Gulf of St Lawrence or West Greenland. In conclusion, our results suggest the existence of several recently diverged populations in the North Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea, possibly with some limited gene flow between adjacent populations, a population structure which is consistent with earlier population models proposed by Kellogg, Ingebrigtsen, and Sergeant.