红曲菌代谢产物中低极性组分的分离及表征

以石油醚∶醋酸乙酯 =4∶1(V/V)作为洗脱剂 ,采用柱层层析粗分离醇溶性红曲菌代谢产物中的低极性组分。经浓缩、结晶除去白色结晶后的浓缩液 ,用正己烷∶醋酸乙酯 =9∶1(V/V)作为展开剂进行薄层层析分离 ,在紫外灯下观察 ,从低极性组分中分离出六个组分 ,分别为 :具荧光组分、两个相隔较近的黄色组分、淡黄色具荧光组分、具浅蓝绿色荧光组分、具荧光组分。各组分的Rf 值分别为 :0 2 9、0 15、0 12、0 0 9、0 0 6、0 0 4。MS测定结果表明 ,Rf 值最大的具荧光组分可能为含有 OH及Br的共轭烯烃或脂肪酮 ,而在紫外灯下呈淡黄色组分为含有 OH的环状化合物。     

模糊聚类法在小翅雏蝗种群动态分析中的应用

1　引　　言小翅雏蝗 (Ｃｈｏｒｔｈｉｐｐｕｓｆａｌｌａｘ)是我国北方草地蝗虫的优势种之一 ,主要分布在我国的内蒙古、新疆、宁夏、甘肃、青海、河北、山西、陕西等省区及国外的西伯利亚、哈萨克斯坦、蒙古等地[7,8,10 ,12 ,13 ,16] .刘长仲等[11] 对小翅雏蝗的生物学特性进行了研究 ,李鸿昌等[9] 研究了小翅雏蝗的取食行为 ,冯光翰等[1,2 ] 提出了小翅雏蝗的防治指标 ,康乐[3～ 6] 、邱星辉[5] 、颜忠诚等[17] 研究了内蒙古典型草原小翅雏蝗的时空异质性、营养生态位以及形态特征与扩散能力之间的关系 .本文依据甘肃省夏河县甘加高山草…     

集合种群的似Allee效应

从局域种群出发,建立了一个既包括局域种群动态,又包含集合种群侵占率的整合模型,并在这两个层次上进行了计算机模拟,结果表明：（1）同局域种群的Allee效应相类似,集合种群的斑块（适宜生境）侵占比例也存在一个临界值,即使有足够的适宜生境,当斑块的侵占比例低于这个临界值时,集合种群优将趋于灭绝。（2）这个临界值与局域种各的Allee效应密切相关,这将给自然保护,尤其稀有生物的保护以很大的启示。     

APH-2/Nicastrin Functions in LIN-12/Notch Signaling in the Caenorhabditis elegans Somatic Gonad

Nicastrin is a recently identified member of high-molecular weight complexes containing presenilin. The Caenorhabditis elegans homolog of nicastrin, aph-2, was shown to be required for GLP-1/Notch signaling in the early embryo. In addition to the maternal-effect embryonic lethal phenotype, aph-2 mutant animals also display an egg-laying defect. We show that this latter defect is related to the SEL-12/presenilin egg-laying defect. We also show that aph-2 and sel-12 genetically interact and cooperate to regulate LIN-12/Notch signaling in the development of the somatic gonad. In addition, aph-2 and lin-12/Notch genetically interact. We illustrate a new role for aph-2 in facilitating lin-12 signaling in the somatic gonad, thus providing evidence that APH-2 is involved in both GLP-1/Notch- and LIN-12/Notch-mediated signaling events. Finally, we demonstrate that nicastrin can partially substitute for aph-2, suggesting a conservation of function between these proteins.     

Curcumin Induces Apoptosis in Human Melanoma Cells through a Fas Receptor/Caspase-8 Pathway Independent of p53

In this study, we investigated the molecular pathways targeted by curcumin during apoptosis of human melanoma cell lines. We found that curcumin caused cell death in eight melanoma cell lines, four with wild-type and four with mutant p53. We demonstrate that curcumin-induced apoptosis is both dose- and time-dependent. We found that curcumin did not induce p53, suggesting that curcumin activates other apoptosis pathways. Our data show that curcumin activates caspases-3 and -8 but not caspase-9, supporting the rationale that apoptosis occurs via a membrane-mediated mechanism. Both a caspase-8 and broad-based caspase inhibitor, but not a caspase-9 specific inhibitor, suppressed curcumin-induced cell death. To further support our hypothesis that curcumin induces activation of a death receptor pathway, we show that curcumin induces Fas receptor aggregation in a FasL-independent manner and that low-temperature incubation, previously shown to inhibit receptor aggregation, prevented curcumin-induced cell death. Moreover, we demonstrate that expression of dominant negative FADD significantly inhibited curcumin-induced cell death. In addition, our results indicate that curcumin also blocks the NF-kappaB cell survival pathway and suppresses the apoptotic inhibitor, XIAP. Since melanoma cells with mutant p53 are strongly resistant to conventional chemotherapy, curcumin may overcome the chemoresistance of these cells and provide potential new avenues for treatment.     

湖南省桃源县发现华南虎踪迹

近几年来,有关华南虎(Panthera tigris amoyensis)的报道非常少见,有人断言,华南虎已经灭绝。可是,最近我们在湖南省桃源县发现了一处新的华南虎活动地。 乌云界位于桃源县的南端,南邻安化,东接常德,北壤杨桥和桃花源,西靠茶安铺。地处东经111°06′～111°20′,北纬28°29′～28°40′,包括沙坪镇、牯牛山乡和茶庵铺镇的西溪村。     

南沙链霉菌来源细胞色素P450酶CYP154C34的表征及生物转化

【目的】P450酶作为一种多功能生物催化剂,可在温和条件下高区域和立体选择性地催化复杂化合物中未活化的C-H键,因此P450酶在化工原料合成、环境污染物降解及药物合成等领域都具有重要作用。本文对南沙链霉菌基因组中的一个新颖的P450酶CYP154C34进行研究,通过构建异源表达和全细胞生物转化重组菌探究其功能。【方法】构建2种全细胞生物转化BL21(DE3)重组菌(含p ET28a-CYP154C34-RhFRED和pET28a-CYP154C34+pACYCDuet-Pdx/PdR)和1种异源表达BL21(DE3)重组菌(含pET28a-CYP154C34)。通过全细胞生物转化的方式筛选底物,分析催化功能及产物结构。比较2种全细胞生物转化重组菌和体外酶反应对底物的转化率。分析CYP154C34和不同底物及底物类似物的亲和力。【结果】通过底物筛选和产物鉴定发现CYP154C34可催化包括孕酮、睾酮、雄烯二酮在内的9种甾体化合物16α位羟基化。通过2种不同还原伴侣的全细胞体系及体外酶反应对底物转化率的比较,发现含有pET28a-CYP154C34-RhFRED的BL21(DE3)重组菌的...     

YR-黏和染色体模型初探(下)

我们创建了一个新的染色体模型:YR-黏和染色体模型,30nm螺线管通过JW-梯(或YR-梯)、染色线经螺旋化形成染色体[1].通过包装比、长度的推算、染色体结构的推算、以及碱基对的推算都与实验观测值吻合,确认了YR-黏和模型的可信度.YR-染色体模型能自然、合理地解释所有遗传现象,如交换、着丝粒、全身着丝粒或弥散型着丝粒染色体、同源染色体联会及联会复合体的中央区、多线染色体与膨突、灯刷染色体、染色体分带、姊妹染色体由前期到中期不分开、花粉管会导入外源遗传物质、高等生命是怎样从原始生物进化而来的等等。 Abstract:We provide a chromosome model YR-cohesion chromosome model.30nm solenoid fold and bent through JW-ladder and chromonema spiraling to chromosomeIll.It is checked by this calculation of picked ration,length,chromosomal structure and DNA base pairs,which are all consonant with practical resultsIll.YR-cohesion chromosome model will give a better answer to the questions such as exchange,centromere,holocentromere,synaptonemal complex,polytene chromosome,puff,lampbrush chromosome,chromosome banding,non-segregation of sister chromatid,pollentube pathway and biological evolution.     

Dlmo基因编码一个32kDa的蛋白

为了获取研究Dlmo（果蝇LMO基因的简称）的功能信息,使用耦联网织红细胞体外翻译系统将Dlmo基因进行体外转录翻译得到32kDa的蛋白产物。该蛋白产物与抗人类LMO2蛋白的多抗抗体发生免疫沉淀,并得到了32kDa的阳性带。为了证实Dlmo基因在体外和体内翻译能得到同一大小蛋白,从2～4小时果蝇胚盘中分别抽提核和胞浆提取物进行Western印迹分析,免疫血清可以识别胞浆提取物中的32kDa蛋白,而在核提取物中未曾见到,证实体外和体内翻译产物相同。免疫组织化学的分析在0～4小时胚盘外周胞浆中有Dlmo基因的阳性染色信号,结果证实,Dlmo与人类LMO不同,其表达产物是一个胞浆蛋白。 Abstract：In order to gain some insight into a possible function of Dlmo gene,we used the TNT coupled reticulocyte lysate systems as an in vitro translation system to detect the Drosoplila protein. We found a 32kDa protein product.To demonstrate that the DLMO protein has the same size in vivo as in vitro we studied nuclear and cytoplasmic extracts from 2-4h embryos in Western blots. The immuno serum recognizes a 32kDa protein in the cytoplasm that is not present in the nucleus.The products were immune precipitated with the polyclonal anti-LMO2 antibody raised against the human protein and seen a positive band of 32kDa.Using immuno histochemical analysis was seen a positive staining in the basal cytoplasm of blastoderm embryos at 4 hours. This result confirms that the DLMO is a cytoplasmprotein, not like human LMO protein.     

重金属胁迫引起的水稻和小麦幼苗DNA损伤

供试浓度的重金属Cu2 、Cd2 和Hg2 能在不同程度上导致水稻和小麦DNA损伤。 (1)Hg2 ≥ 0 .0 2 5mmol L、Cu2 和Cd2 ≥ 0 .1mmol L处理使水稻幼苗期外DNA合成速率显著高于对照 ,且当Cu2 、Cd2 和Hg2 浓度进一步增高时 ,水稻幼苗期外DNA合成速率呈现先上升而后较最大值有所下降的规律。 (2 ) 0 .1～1.0mmol L的Cu2 及 0 .1mmol L的Cd2 、Hg2 能引起水稻、小麦叶内DNA和蛋白质交联 ,并且这种和DNA交联的蛋白质易被胰蛋白酶水解。 (3) 0 .1～ 1.0mmol L的Hg2 及 1.0mmol L的Cd2 还能使水稻、小麦叶片内DNA链间发生交联