Language,Reading, and Math Learning Profiles in an Epidemiological Sample of School Age Children

Dyscalculia, dyslexia, and specific language impairment (SLI) are relatively specific developmental learning disabilities in math, reading, and oral language, respectively, that occur in the context of average intellectual capacity and adequate environmental opportunities. Past research has been dominated by studies focused on single impairments despite the widespread recognition that overlapping and comorbid deficits are common. The present study took an epidemiological approach to study the learning profiles of a large school age sample in language, reading, and math. Both general learning profiles reflecting good or poor performance across measures and specific learning profiles involving either weak language, weak reading, weak math, or weak math and reading were observed. These latter four profiles characterized 70% of children with some evidence of a learning disability. Low scores in phonological short-term memory characterized clusters with a language-based weakness whereas low or variable phonological awareness was associated with the reading (but not language-based) weaknesses. The low math only group did not show these phonological deficits. These findings may suggest different etiologies for language-based deficits in language, reading, and math, reading-related impairments in reading and math, and isolated math disabilities.     

The Antiplatelet Effect and Chemical Activity of N6-Chloroadenosine Phosphate

Biophysics - A technology has been developed for the preparation of novel chloramine compounds related to adenosine derivatives. The optical absorption characteristics of...     

A Change in the Content of Endogenous Energy Substrates in Rabbit Myocardium Mitochondria Depending upon Frequency and Duration of Vibration

Biophysics - A change in the content of energy substrates in myocardial mitochondria depending upon the vibration frequency and the duration of the total vertical vibration exposure was studied...     

Contrasting ability of deep and shallow rooting rice genotypes to grow through plough pans containing simulated biopores and cracks

Plant and Soil - Cracks and biopores in compacted soil such as plough pans could aid deep rooting, mitigating constraints to seasonal upland use of paddy fields for rice production. This research...