Variability of fifteen autosomal microsatellite DNA loci in five populations of aboriginal South Siberians

The allele distributions for 15 STR loci included in the AmpFISTR SGM Plus and AmpFISTR Profiler Plus kits ("Applied Biosystems", USA) were determined in 261 healthy unrelated individuals belonging to five indigenous populations of South Siberia: in Buryats, Altaians, Tofalars, Sojots and Khakassians. No significant differences in allele frequencies were found between populations studied. Combined power of discrimination (PD) for the STR loci investigated were estimated for the populations under study.     

绵羊fertilin β基因编码区的钓取与结构分析

Fertilin β与精卵的结合和融合有密切关系。为探讨fertilin β蛋白在绵羊受精过程中的作用机理, 采用RACE技术, 首次钓取了该基因的编码区。结果绵羊fertilin β基因的编码区cDNA全长为2,217 bp。同源性分析显示, 绵羊的fertilin β氨基酸序列与牛、猪和人的fertilin β具有79.4%、66.7%和58.1%的同源性。系统发育分析表明, 绵羊fertilin β与牛属于同一分支, 并且也显示了绵羊和牛分类地位最近, 这和传统的分类一致。Fertilin β蛋白结构域分析显示, 绵羊fertilin β去整合素识别序列为TDE, 与牛的序列相同。除了上述三肽序列外, 紧随X-D/E-E的ECD保守序列, 从而形成了X-D/E-ECD五肽保守序列, 在绵羊fertilin β中该五肽序列为TDECE。     

Acrosomal integrity, viability, and DNA damage of sperm from dasyurid marsupials after freezing or freeze drying

Dasyurids are a diverse group of Australian native carnivores and insectivores that contains several threatened species. Despite successful cryopreservation of sperm from several marsupials, only 3% postthaw motility is reported for dasyurid marsupials. This study examined sperm preservation in the fat-tailed dunnart (Sminthopsis crassicaudata), an experimental model, with supplementary observations on the eastern quoll (Dasyurus viverrinus) and northern quoll (Dasyurus hallucatus). In S. crassicaudata, a toxicity trial demonstrated that incubation with up to 40% glycerol did not reduce sperm viability, suggesting that glycerol is not toxic to dasyurids. On the basis of this finding, S. crassicaudata, D. viverrinus, and D. hallucatus sperm were extended to a final concentration of 20% or 40% glycerol in Tris-citrate fructose and frozen in liquid nitrogen vapor. Postthaw sperm from all three species were nonmotile, and vital staining (SYBR14 and propidium iodide) indicated that sperm were nonviable. However, there was no evidence suggesting disruption of normal gross morphology or loss of acrosomal integrity when assessed by Bryan's staining. After freeze drying, Bryan's staining indicated that approximately 80% of S. crassicaudata sperm had normal acrosomes and no head loss. Despite being nonviable, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated dUTP nick-end labeling showed that S. crassicaudata sperm frozen in 40% glycerol or freeze-dried had no DNA damage compared with fresh controls. This study has described a method for preservation of the dasyurid sperm nuclei, but continued studies are required to achieve viable motile sperm and establish tools for the long-term storage of dasyurid sperm.     

腺花香茶菜中的对映-贝壳杉烯类二萜化合物

从昆明产腺花香茶菜(Isodon adenanthus (Diels) Kudo)的地上部分分离到8个化合物,通过波谱分析鉴定,化合物1-3为新的对映-贝壳杉烯类二萜化合物,命名为腺花香茶菜素N、0和P;4个已知二萜为白叶香茶菜戊素(4)、无毛狭叶香茶菜素C(5)、腺花香茶菜甲素(6)和白叶香茶菜乙素(7),同时得到一个高度不饱和脂肪酸9,16-二羰基-10,12,14-三烯-十八碳酸(8)。根据ROESY波谱,对化合物4的结构进行了修正。化合物1对K562细胞显示出明显的细胞毒活性(IC50=0．45μg／mL)。     

锦鸡儿植物对盐碱地土壤理化性质和细菌群落的影响

锦鸡儿属的多种植物在干旱/半干旱区域水土保持等方面具有显著的作用效果,该研究以柠条锦鸡儿、中间锦鸡儿和小叶锦鸡儿为材料,选择宁夏银北西大滩核心试验站的盐渍化荒地为研究对象,分析了3种锦鸡儿建植1年对盐碱地土壤理化性质及土壤细菌群落的影响,以了解该类植物在盐碱地改良中的作用及生态效应。结果显示:(1)种植锦鸡儿1年能够显著降低盐碱地土壤全盐含量和pH,提高土壤全氮和全磷含量。(2)种植锦鸡儿不影响其非根际土壤细菌群落的α多样性,但小叶锦鸡儿非根际土壤细菌群落的香浓指数最低。(3)不同种锦鸡儿对盐碱地细菌群落结构的影响有所不同,小叶锦鸡儿根际/非根际细菌群落的结构分别与对照土壤以及柠条、中间锦鸡儿根际土壤存在明显差异;在属水平,包括假黄色单胞菌属、新鞘氨醇菌属及根瘤菌属在内的12个优势细菌属的相对丰度在小叶锦鸡儿非根际土壤中显著增加。(4)db-RDA分析表明,盐碱地土壤全盐、全氮及全磷含量分别解释了锦鸡儿非根际细菌群落结构变异信息的23.5%、25.4%和22.2%,3种因子累计共解释48.5%的细菌群落变异(P0.05),但这些因子对锦鸡儿根际细菌群落的变化无显著影响。研究表明,短期种植锦鸡儿属植物对盐碱地土壤理化性质具有一定改良效果,且不影响非根际土壤细菌群落的α多样性,但不同种锦鸡儿对土壤细菌群落结构的影响存在差异。     

温光条件与寒地水稻产量和源库特征的关系

采用大田试验,以寒地水稻为研究对象,分析试验区2011—2014年气温和太阳辐射,比较不同年份间温光条件差异,探讨温光条件与水稻干物质积累、源库光合特征、产量及其构成之间的关系。结果表明:生育期内日活动积温利用率和日有效积温利用率呈逐年增加的趋势,而太阳辐射呈逐年降低的趋势,其中灌浆期太阳辐射强度以2014年居高;生育期内日活动积温和日有效积温及其利用率、抽穗后日平均太阳辐射强度与粒数、结实率、千粒重以及产量显著或极显著正相关;生育期内活动积温与产量(R~2=0.69)、生物产量(R~2=0.49)、抽穗期茎鞘干质量(R~2=0.74)及粒叶比(R~2=0.34)、收获指数(R~2=0.63)、群体生长速率(R~2=0.78)和净同化率(R~2=0.73)均呈二次函数关系,且拟合效果均达极显著水平,而与叶面积指数呈极显著正相关关系(R=0.80)。     

GABA transporter 1 transcriptional starting site exhibiting tissue specific difference

INTRODUCTIONIn the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS),GABA transporters (GAT) are believed to play animportant role in termination of GABAergiC transInission. GATI was the first cloned member of neurotransmitter transporters superfanilly[1], and soon,other three subtypes (GAT2-4) were subsequentlycloned. Since GABA is the predominant inhibitoryneurotranslliltter in CNS, abnormallty of GATs hasa direct relationship with certain kinds of nervousdisorders, such as epilepsy a…     

Evaluation of the prevalence and economic burden of adverse drug reactions presenting to the medical emergency department of a tertiary referral centre: a prospective study

Background  

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are now recognized as an important cause of hospital admissions, with a proportion ranging from 0.9–7.9%. They also constitute a significant economic burden. We thus aimed at determining the prevalence and the economic burden of ADRs presenting to Medical Emergency Department (ED) of a tertiary referral center in India     

Preferences of kanamycin A towards copper(II). Effect of the resulting complexes on immunological mediators production by human leukocytes

The widespread presence of pathogenic bacteria is a cause of permanent demand for investigating the properties of antimicrobial agents. The chemical basis of several toxic effects induced by antibiotics still remains unclear. Aminoglycosides, highly ototoxic and nephrotoxic drugs, are capable of copper(II) ions chelating. In this study we established the affinity of kanamycin A towards copper(II), in contrast with other metal ions: iron(III), nickel(II), cobalt(II) and zinc(II) by means of potentiometry. Circular dichroism spectroscopy was applied to monitor the competition of copper(II) partition between kanamycin A and human serum albumin. We show, that the drug is able to digest Cu(II) ions from HSA to some extent and comparing the stability constants for metal and antibiotic with those, obtained for the N-terminal Asp-Ala-His-Lys (DAHK) sequence, which constitutes a copper(II) binding domain within albumin, we demonstrate that the Cu(II)-kanamycin A complex formation is possible also in blood plasma. Bioassays and immunoassay were used to find out the possibility of Cu(II)-kanamycin A complexes to induce cytokines: tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interferon (IFN) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in human peripheral blood leukocytes. The effect on the cytokines release was dose and time dependent and the interdependence between IL-10 and TNF stimulation was found. We report that Cu(II)-aminoglycoside systems can act as moderate inducers of TNF-alpha, IFN-alpha/beta and IL-10 released from human leukocytes. We have also found that these complexes are non-toxic for human A549 cells.