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31.
Frederick WJ Lien SJ Courchene CE DeMartini NA Ragauskas AJ Iisa K 《Bioresource technology》2008,99(11):5051-5057
Ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass has the potential to contribute substantially to bioethanol for transportation. We have evaluated the technical and economic feasibility of producing ethanol from the carbohydrates in loblolly pine. In the process evaluated, prehydrolysis with dilute sulfuric acid was employed to hydrolyze hemicellulose and make the cellulose more accessible to hydrolysis by enzymes. Residual biomass from hydrolysis and extraction of carbohydrates was burned in a CHP plant to generate power and process steam. Our analysis indicates that ethanol can be produced at a cost of dollars 1.53/gal, based on a delivered wood cost of $63.80/dry metric ton and 75% conversion of the carbohydrates in wood to sugars for ethanol production. Improving the conversion of wood carbohydrates to sugars to 95% would reduce the production cost to dollars 1.29/gal. These values are for a plant producing 74 million gal/yr and 93 million gal/yr, respectively. At current feedstock prices, ethanol produced from loblolly pine would be competitive with ethanol produced from corn or other lignocellulosic biomass. Based on our analysis, discounted cash flow rates of return would be 18% and 25%, respectively for plants of this capacity. 相似文献
32.
Background
The impressive increase of novel RNA structures, during the past few years, demands automated methods for structure comparison. While many algorithms handle only small motifs, few techniques, developed in recent years, (ARTS, DIAL, SARA, SARSA, and LaJolla) are available for the structural comparison of large and intact RNA molecules. 相似文献33.
Ingolf Sommer Stefano Toppo Oliver Sander Thomas Lengauer Silvio CE Tosatto 《BMC bioinformatics》2006,7(1):364
Background
In the area of protein structure prediction, recently a lot of effort has gone into the development of Model Quality Assessment Programs (MQAPs). MQAPs distinguish high quality protein structure models from inferior models. Here, we propose a new method to use an MQAP to improve the quality of models. With a given target sequence and template structure, we construct a number of different alignments and corresponding models for the sequence. The quality of these models is scored with an MQAP and used to choose the most promising model. An SVM-based selection scheme is suggested for combining MQAP partial potentials, in order to optimize for improved model selection. 相似文献34.