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排序方式: 共有242条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
John D Johnson Jay Campisi Craig M Sharkey Sarah L Kennedy Molly Nickerson Monika Fleshner 《Journal of applied physiology》2005,99(5):1789-1795
Heat-shock protein concentrations in the blood increase after exposure to a variety of stressors, including trauma and psychological stress. Although the physiological function of extracellular heat shock protein remains controversial, there is evidence that extracellular heat shock protein 72 (Hsp72) can facilitate immunologic responses. The signal(s) that mediate(s) the in vivo elevation of extracellular Hsp72 in the blood after stressor exposure remain(s) unknown. Here we report that Hsp72 increases in the circulation via an alpha1-adrenergic receptor-mediated signaling pathway. Activation of alpha1-adrenoceptors results in a rapid increase in circulating Hsp72, and blockade of alpha1-adrenoceptors prevents the stress-induced rise in circulating Hsp72. Furthermore, our studies exclude a role for beta-adrenoceptors, glucocorticoids, and ACTH in mediating stress-induced elevations in circulating extracellular Hsp72. Understanding the signals involved in elevating extracellular Hsp72 could facilitate the use of extracellular Hsp72 to bolster immunity and perhaps prevent exacerbation of inflammatory diseases during stress. 相似文献
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73.
Brunken RC Perloff JK Czernin J Campisi R Purcell S Miner PD Child JS Schelbert HR 《American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology》2005,289(5):H1798-H1806
In patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD), a right-to-left shunt results in systemic hypoxemia. Systemic hypoxemia incites a compensatory erythrocytosis, which increases whole blood viscosity. We considered that these changes might adversely influence myocardial perfusion in CCHD patients. Basal and hyperemic (intravenous dipyridamole) perfusion measurements were obtained with [13N]ammonia positron emission tomographic imaging in left (LV) and right (RV) ventricular and septal myocardium in 14 adults with CCHD [age: 34.1 yr (SD 6.5)]; hematocrit: 62.2% (SD 4.8)] and 10 healthy controls [age: 34.1 yr (SD 6.5)]. In patients, basal perfusion measurements were higher in LV [0.77 (SD 0.24) vs. 0.55 ml x min(-1) x g(-1) (SD 0.09), P < 0.02], septum [0.71 (SD 0.16) vs. 0.49 ml x min(-1) x g(-1) (SD 0.09), P < 0.001], and RV [0.77 (SD 0.30) vs. 0.38 ml x min(-1) x g(-1) (SD 0.09), P < 0.001]. However, basal measurements normalized for the rate-pressure product were similar to those of controls. Calculated oxygen delivery relative to rate-pressure product was higher in the patients [2.2 (SD 0.8) vs. 1.6 (SD 0.4) x 10(-5) ml O2 x min(-1) x g tissue(-1) x (beats x mmHg)(-1) in the LV, P < 0.05, and 2.0 (SD 0.7) vs. 1.4 (SD 0.3) x 10(-5) ml O2 x min(-1) x g tissue(-1) x (beats x mmHg)(-1) in the septum, P < 0.01]. Hyperemic perfusion measurements in CCHD patients did not differ from controls [LV, 1.67 (SD 0.60) vs. 1.95 ml x min(-1) x g(-1) (SD 0.46); septum, 1.44 (SD 0.56) vs. 1.98 ml x min(-1) x g(-1) (SD 0.69); RV, 1.56 (SD 0.56) vs. 1.65 ml x min(-1) x g(-1) (SD 0.64), P = not significant], and coronary vascular resistances were comparable [LV, 55 (SD 25) vs. 48 mmHg x ml(-1) x g x min (SD 16); septum, 67 (SD 35) vs. 50 mmHg x ml(-1) x g x min (SD 21); RV, 59 (SD 26) vs. 61 mmHg x ml(-1) x g x min (SD 27), P = not significant]. These findings suggest that adult CCHD patients have remodeling of the coronary circulation to compensate for the rheologic changes attending chronic hypoxemia. 相似文献
74.
Pizzo G Giammanco GM Pecorella S Campisi G Mammina C D'Angelo M 《The new microbiologica》2005,28(1):75-82
A group of subgingival isolates of C. albicans recovered from Italian HIV-positive (HIV+) subjects were characterized both phenotypically and genotypically. Phenotyping of the isolates was carried out by a biotyping method based on the enzyme profiles, carbohydrate assimilation patterns and boric acid resistance of the yeasts. Genotyping was performed through randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. Five biotypes were found among the 29 subgingival C. albicans strains examined. The predominant biotypes were A1R (55.17%), A1S (24.14%), and A2R (13.79%), while the biotypes A11R and A13R were represented by a single isolate each. RAPD profiles identified 15 genotypes among the 29 isolates. Almost every individual harboured his/her own specific isolate and in three out of the six subjects with multiple isolates (two to six each) more than one genotype (two to six) was found. The biotype distribution we found is consistent with previous reports on C. albicans isolates from other oral sources, whereas the resistance to boric acid was highly frequent in subgingival strains. RAPD analysis showed high genetic heterogeneity within subgingival isolates, also when isolates were phenotypically identical. These findings, obtained from HIV+ subjects living in Southern Italy, may be useful as baseline information on subgingival C. albicans colonization in the Mediterranean area. 相似文献
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77.
Cancer is an age‐related disease in organisms with renewable tissues. A malignant tumor arises in part from genomic damage, which can also drive age‐related degeneration. However, cancer differs from many age‐related degenerative diseases in that it entails gain‐of‐function changes that confer new (albeit aberrant) properties on cells, resulting in vigorous cell proliferation and survival. Nonetheless, interventions that delay age‐related degeneration – for example, caloric restriction or dampened insulin/IGF‐1 signaling – often also delay cancer. How then is the development of cancer linked to aging? The answer to this question is complex, as suggested by recent findings. This Hot Topic review discusses some of these findings, including how genomic damage might alter cellular properties without conferring mutations, and how some genes that regulate lifespan in organisms that lack renewable tissues might affect the development of cancer in mammals. 相似文献
78.
Abstract The study analyses the changes in vegetation structure and composition within a sere of secondary succession at Pantelleria Island (Sicilian Channel, Italy). It aims to show that not only phytosociological data but also structural parameters, like woody species’ height and spatial distribution indices are useful to describe and interpret renaturation processes. Woody species structure was recorded on abandoned terraces, both on north-facing and on south-facing slopes. Relevés were made in fallows representing five different stages of succession. The pace of succession, measured through the analysis of woody species cover, basal area, height distribution and spatial indices, resulted quite rapid: already after 50 years of abandonment terraces are covered by dense maquis communities. Our study also revealed that different plant species or groups prevail during colonisation dynamics, mostly depending on exposition, a factor which strongly influences also the speed of colonisation by woody species. In this case study, human activity seems to be unnecessary to accelerate the process of renaturation, except in some unfavourable contexts. Species turnover rate, biodiversity value, and structural evolution along progressive succession must be taken into account in nature management and conservation policies of terraced landscapes, which are nowadays one of the most endangered landscape types throughout the Mediterranean area. 相似文献
79.
Chee W. Chia Cheryl A. ShermanBaust Sara A. Larson Ritu Pandey Roxanne Withers Ajoy C. Karikkineth Linda M. Zukley Judith Campisi Josephine M. Egan Ranjan Sen Luigi Ferrucci 《Aging cell》2021,20(5)
In mice, cellular senescence and senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP) positively contribute to cutaneous wound healing. In this proof‐of‐concept study, we investigated the expressions of p16, p21, and other senescence‐associated biomarkers during human wound healing in 24 healthy subjects using a double‐biopsy experimental design. The first punch biopsy created the wound and established the baseline. The second biopsy, concentric to the first and taken several days after wounding, was used to probe for expression of biomarkers by immunohistochemistry and RNA FISH. To assess the effects of age, we recruited 12 sex‐matched younger (30.2 ± 1.3 years) and 12 sex‐matched older (75.6 ± 1.8 years) subjects. We found that p21 and p53, but not p16, were induced during healing in younger, but not older subjects. A role for Notch signaling in p21 expression was inferred from the inducible activation of HES1. Further, other SASP biomarkers such as dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP4) were significantly induced upon wounding in both younger and older groups, whereas matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) was induced only in the younger group. Senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase (SA‐β‐gal) was not detectable before or after wounding. This pilot study suggests the possibility that human cutaneous wound healing is characterized by differential expression of p21 and p53 between younger and older subjects. 相似文献
80.
Dong Eun Kim Martijn E. T. Doll Wilbert P. Vermeij Akos Gyenis Katharina Vogel Jan H. J. Hoeijmakers Christopher D. Wiley Albert R. Davalos Paul Hasty Pierre‐Yves Desprez Judith Campisi 《Aging cell》2020,19(3)
ERCC1 (excision repair cross complementing‐group 1) is a mammalian endonuclease that incises the damaged strand of DNA during nucleotide excision repair and interstrand cross‐link repair. Ercc1?/Δ mice, carrying one null and one hypomorphic Ercc1 allele, have been widely used to study aging due to accelerated aging phenotypes in numerous organs and their shortened lifespan. Ercc1?/Δ mice display combined features of human progeroid and cancer‐prone syndromes. Although several studies report cellular senescence and apoptosis associated with the premature aging of Ercc1?/Δ mice, the link between these two processes and their physiological relevance in the phenotypes of Ercc1?/Δ mice are incompletely understood. Here, we show that ERCC1 depletion, both in cultured human fibroblasts and the skin of Ercc1?/Δ mice, initially induces cellular senescence and, importantly, increased expression of several SASP (senescence‐associated secretory phenotype) factors. Cellular senescence induced by ERCC1 deficiency was dependent on activity of the p53 tumor‐suppressor protein. In turn, TNFα secreted by senescent cells induced apoptosis, not only in neighboring ERCC1‐deficient nonsenescent cells, but also cell autonomously in the senescent cells themselves. In addition, expression of the stem cell markers p63 and Lgr6 was significantly decreased in Ercc1?/Δ mouse skin, where the apoptotic cells are localized, compared to age‐matched wild‐type skin, possibly due to the apoptosis of stem cells. These data suggest that ERCC1‐depleted cells become susceptible to apoptosis via TNFα secreted from neighboring senescent cells. We speculate that parts of the premature aging phenotypes and shortened health‐ or lifespan may be due to stem cell depletion through apoptosis promoted by senescent cells. 相似文献