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Two plasmids, of 28,878 bp and 28,012 bp, were isolated from Leptospirillum ferrooxidans ATCC 49879. Altogether, a total of 67 open reading frames (ORFs) were identified on both plasmids, of which 32 had predicted products with high homology to proteins of known function, while 11 ORFs had predicted products with homology to previously identified proteins of unknown function. Twenty-four ORFs had products with no homologues in the GenBank/NCBI database. An analysis of the ORFs and other features of the two plasmids, the first to be isolated from a bacterium of the genus Leptospirillum, is presented. 相似文献
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Matthew L. Settles Tristan Coram Terence Soule Barrie D. Robison 《Molecular ecology resources》2012,12(6):1079-1089
High‐throughput microarray experiments often generate far more biological information than is required to test the experimental hypotheses. Many microarray analyses are considered finished after differential expression and additional analyses are typically not performed, leaving untapped biological information left undiscovered. This is especially true if the microarray experiment is from an ecological study of multiple populations. Comparisons across populations may also contain important genomic polymorphisms, and a subset of these polymorphisms may be identified with microarrays using techniques for the detection of single feature polymorphisms (SFP). SFPs are differences in microarray probe level intensities caused by genetic polymorphisms such as single‐nucleotide polymorphisms and small insertions/deletions and not expression differences. In this study, we provide a new algorithm for the detection of SFPs, evaluate the algorithm using existing data from two publicly available Affymetrix Barley (Hordeum vulgare) microarray data sets and compare them to two previously published SFP detection algorithms. Results show that our algorithm provides more consistent and sensitive calling of SFPs with a lower false discovery rate. Simultaneous analysis of SFPs and differential expression is a low‐cost method for the enhanced analysis of microarray data, enabling additional biological inferences to be made. 相似文献
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Stella Coram 《Anthropological Forum》2009,19(2):195-216
Australian Indigenous affairs are underscored by a central tension between the rights of Indigenous peoples to self-determination, and assimilation policy premised on cultural homogeneity. This tension is most evident between the Northern Territory Government-commissioned Anderson and Wild (2007) report, entitled Ampe akelyernemane meke mekarle: Little children are sacred, which recommends the continuation of community-led programs in response to childhood sexual abuse in Indigenous communities, and the Commonwealth's Northern Territory National Emergency Response Act 2007 (NTNER), commonly known as ‘the intervention’, which Altman and Hinkson (2007) claim represents a ‘coercive’ attempt to dismantle Indigenous rights to manage their affairs. In her critique of cultural incompatibility (culturalism), McConaghy (2000) observes that radicalism, or cultural difference policy in oppositional histories of power and control, seeks to invert colonial power relations. Instead, argues McConaghy, radicalism (much like assimilation) reinstitutes colonial relations of dominance. I draw on culturalism to explore the tension between Indigenous self-determination (a form of inversion), represented within the Little children are sacred report, and intervention, as a model not for coercive assimilation but for cultural integration (Sutton 2001a; Pearson 2007). I propose that cultural inversion, as a justificatory model for addressing dysfunction within Indigenous communities, displaces the needs and rights of individuals for mainstream intervention. 相似文献
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Liao, T.Y. & Kullander, S.O. (2012). Phylogenetic significance of the kinethmoid‐associated Y‐shaped ligament and long intercostal ligaments in the Cypriniformes (Actinopterygii: Ostariophysi). —Zoologica Scripta, 42, 71–87. The phylogenetic significance of the Y‐shaped and long intercostal ligaments in the Cypriniformes is examined using character optimization in 184 species representing 20 non‐ostariophysan teleost species, five ostariophysan orders, seven cypriniform families and 14 cyprinid subfamilies. Character states were optimized on the phylogenetic trees of previous studies. Given the topology of Saitoh et al. (2011) , the Y‐shaped ligament, connecting the kinethmoid to the ethmoid complex, is shown to be a synapomorphy for the Cyprinidae, with reversals observed in the Cyprininae, Danioninae, Gobioninae and Psilorhynchinae. The condition of the Y‐shaped ligament is consistent within most subfamilies with a few exceptions. Despite the exceptions, the Y‐shaped ligament may be considered as a diagnostic character distinguishing cyprinid subfamilies with otherwise similar morphology, that is, the Danioninae and Opsariichthyinae. The long intercostal ligament, connecting five to eight ribs and ascending from the subdistal end of the fifth rib, is present in the Catostomidae and all cyprinid subfamilies, except for the Psilorhynchinae and two developmentally truncated genera, Danionella and Paedocypris. In addition to these two cypriniforme families, the long intercostal ligament is homoplastically present in some catfishes. Given the topology of Saitoh et al. (2011) , presence of the long intercostal ligament is a synapomorphy of Cyprinidae+Catostomidae. Some shorter ligaments are also present in the Cypriniformes and Chilodus gracilis (Characiformes), near the base of the anterior ribs and only occurring anterodorsally to the putative line of the long intercostal ligament even when it is absent. 相似文献
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为了研究杂交构树UDP-葡萄糖脱氢酶基因(DDBJ,BpUGDH基因登录号为LC457701)启动子不同区域的表达活性,利用5'端缺失及同源重组实验技术,将5个不同长度的BpUGDH启动子5'端缺失片段与GUS基因连接,并通过农杆菌介导法瞬时转化烟草;同时,为了定位BpUGDH基因编码的蛋白在细胞中表达的具体位置,利用GFP报告基因融合目的基因进行蛋白质的亚细胞定位。结果显示:BpUGDH基因启动子-244 bp以内的序列均能介导GUS基因的诱导表达,并且-973、-465、-355、-281和-244 bp之间的区域可能对BpUGDH基因启动子的活性发挥着至关重要的作用。另外,BpUGDH基因编码蛋白的亚细胞定位结果显示:BpUGDH位于叶绿体中。 相似文献