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Adam S. Kamlet Constanze N. Neumann Eunsung Lee Stephen M. Carlin Christian K. Moseley Nickeisha Stephenson Jacob M. Hooker Tobias Ritter 《PloS one》2013,8(3)
New chemistry methods for the synthesis of radiolabeled small molecules have the potential to impact clinical positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, if they can be successfully translated. However, progression of modern reactions from the stage of synthetic chemistry development to the preparation of radiotracer doses ready for use in human PET imaging is challenging and rare. Here we describe the process of and the successful translation of a modern palladium-mediated fluorination reaction to non-human primate (NHP) baboon PET imaging–an important milestone on the path to human PET imaging. The method, which transforms [18F]fluoride into an electrophilic fluorination reagent, provides access to aryl–18F bonds that would be challenging to synthesize via conventional radiochemistry methods. 相似文献
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Synthesis, Storage, and Release of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/Vascular Permeability Factor (VEGF/VPF) by Human Mast Cells: Implications for the Biological Significance of VEGF206 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
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Min Sun Jenny Manolopoulou Ariadni Spyroglou Felix Beuschlein Constanze Hantel Zida Wu Maximilian Bielohuby Andreas Hoeflich Chao Liu Martin Bidlingmaier 《Steroids》2010,75(13-14):1089-1096
BackgroundThe small blood volumes available in rodent studies often limit adequate quantification of all hormones of interest. We report here the development of two new assays combining an extraction step with multiplex immunoassay (MIA) technology for the simultaneous determination of aldosterone and testosterone in 50 μl sample volume.MethodsFollowing solvent extraction, aldosterone and testosterone competitive immunoassays are performed incorporating biotinylated tracers and antibody-coated beads each having a unique fluorescence. Quantification is via addition of streptavidin–R–phycoerythrin (SA–PE). The assays were validated and compared to established methods. Baseline hormone levels in mice from four different strains, and changes after ACTH and HCG stimulation in CD-1 mice are shown.ResultsThe assays are sensitive (aldosterone 15 pg/ml, testosterone 12 pg/ml), reproducible (intra-/inter-assay imprecision aldosterone 5.1–15.6%/9.9–15.8% and testosterone 9.7–10.9%/7.7–11.4%) and correlate significantly to established assays (r = 0.94–0.95). Baseline aldosterone levels varied between strains, but not between the genders. Testosterone was significantly higher in male of all strains except in C57BL/6× NMRI mice. After ACTH injection, aldosterone (median, interquartile range) rose from 354 (261–396) pg/ml to 2008 (875–2467) in male and from 260 (210–576) to 1120 (734–1528) in female CD-1 mice. HCG injection in the same strain increased testosterone in male mice only (3.5 (0.4–8.3) ng/ml to 31.8 (30.4–33.9) ng/ml, P < 0.01).ConclusionsWe describe a MIA for the simultaneous measurement of aldosterone and testosterone in small volumes after extraction. In addition to presenting a new tool for steroid research in rodent models, our data show strain-dependent differences in steroid hormone metabolism in rodents. 相似文献
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Bj?rn Lamprecht Constanze Bonifer Stephan Mathas 《Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)》2010,9(21):4276-4281
Recent data demonstrated that the raberrant activity of endogenous repetitive elements of the DNA in humans can drive the expression of proto-oncogenes. This article summarizes these results and gives an outlook on the impact of these findings on the pathogenesis and therapy of human cancer.Key words: LTR, Hodgkin lymphoma, CSF-1 receptor, epigenetic reprogramming, DNA methylation 相似文献
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Honey bees (Apis mellifera) productively infected with Deformed wing virus (DWV) through Varroa destructor (V. destructor) during pupal stages develop into adults showing wing and other morphological deformities. Here, we report for the first time the occurrence of bumble bees (Bombus terrestris, Bombus pascuorum) exhibiting wing deformities resembling those seen in clinically DWV-infected honey bees. Using specific RT-PCR protocols for the detection of DWV followed by sequencing of the PCR products we could demonstrate that the bumble bees were indeed infected with DWV. Since such deformed bumble bees are not viable DWV infection may pose a serious threat to bumble bee populations. 相似文献
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The identification of expression variants is a challenge in HLA diagnostics. We here describe the identification of the novel
allele HLA-B*3565Q. The serological HLA class I type, as determined by a lymphocytotoxicity test, was A11,24; B38; Bw4; Cw−;
whereas PCR-sequence-specific primers resulted in A*11,*24, B*35,*38; Cw*12, thus suggesting the presence of a nonexpressed
B*35 allele. To clarify the lack of serological HLA-B35 reactivity, exons 2 and 3 were sequenced following haplotype-specific
amplification. At position 564 from the beginning of the coding region (exon 3), a transversion (C→G) was observed, which,
at the amino acid level, results in a substitution from cysteine to tryptophane at position 164 of the mature polypeptide.
Because this position is essential for the formation of a disulfide bond linking the cysteine residues at positions 101 and
164, which is strongly conserved in functional class I molecules of vertebrates, the disruption of this bond is very likely
to be the reason for the lack of serological detectability. We later found the same novel allele in a second unrelated individual,
of whom we were able to establish a lymphoblastoid cell line (B-LCL). Serological testing of this B-LCL indicated a very low
aberrant expression of HLA-B*3565Q, which cannot be expected to be detected by standard serology techniques.
Holger-Andreas Elsner and Peter A. Horn contributed equally to this work.
The nucleotide sequence data reported in this paper have been published in the European Molecular Biology Laboratory, GenBank,
and DNA Data Bank of Japan Nucleotide Sequence Database under the accession numbers AJ278746, AJ278747, and AJ879892. The
name B*3565Q was officially assigned by the WHO Nomenclature Committee in December 2005. This follows the agreed policy that,
subject to the conditions stated in the most recent Nomenclature Report (Marsh et al. 2005), names will be assigned to new sequences as they are identified. Lists of such new names will be published in the following
WHO Nomenclature Report. 相似文献
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