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151.
PCR-Ribotyping of Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus Isolates from the Caribbean Region in Relation to the Taxonomy and Geographic Distribution of Their Nematode Hosts 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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Marion Fischer-Le Saux Herv Maulon Philippe Constant Brigitte Brunel Noël Boemare 《Applied microbiology》1998,64(11):4246-4254
The genetic diversity of symbiotic Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus bacteria associated with entomopathogenic nematodes was examined by a restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes (rDNAs). A total of 117 strains were studied, most of which were isolated from the Caribbean basin after an exhaustive soil sampling. The collection consisted of 77 isolates recovered from entomopathogenic nematodes in 14 Caribbean islands and of 40 reference strains belonging to Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus spp. collected at various localities worldwide. Thirty distinctive 16S rDNA genotypes were identified, and cluster analysis was used to distinguish the genus Xenorhabdus from the genus Photorhabdus. The genus Xenorhabdus appears more diverse than the genus Photorhabdus, and for both genera the bacterial genotype diversity is in congruence with the host-nematode taxonomy. The occurrence of symbiotic bacterial genotypes was related to the ecological distribution of host nematodes. 相似文献
152.
153.
E Constant 《Plastic and reconstructive surgery》1979,64(2):264-267
The reduction of hypertrophied earlobes in a young patient is presented. The etiology of hypertrophied earlobes, and several methods for correcting this deformity, are discussed. 相似文献
154.
155.
J F. Constant E. Defrancq J. Lhomme N. Boutonnet S. Content I. Ortmans 《Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids》2013,32(6-7):1319-1320
Abstract In this work we examined different aspects of the photo-reaction of Ru(TAP)2 (DIP)2+ (TAP = 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene; DIP = 4,7 diphenylphenanthroline) with guanine by studying synthetic oligonucleotide conjugates in which the metal complex is tethered to the oligonucleotide. 相似文献
156.
Tabouret G Astarie-Dequeker C Demangel C Malaga W Constant P Ray A Honoré N Bello NF Perez E Daffé M Guilhot C 《PLoS pathogens》2010,6(10):e1001159
The species-specific phenolic glycolipid 1 (PGL-1) is suspected to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of leprosy, a chronic disease of the skin and peripheral nerves caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Based on studies using the purified compound, PGL-1 was proposed to mediate the tropism of M. leprae for the nervous system and to modulate host immune responses. However, deciphering the biological function of this glycolipid has been hampered by the inability to grow M. leprae in vitro and to genetically engineer this bacterium. Here, we identified the M. leprae genes required for the biosynthesis of the species-specific saccharidic domain of PGL-1 and reprogrammed seven enzymatic steps in M. bovis BCG to make it synthesize and display PGL-1 in the context of an M. leprae-like cell envelope. This recombinant strain provides us with a unique tool to address the key questions of the contribution of PGL-1 in the infection process and to study the underlying molecular mechanisms. We found that PGL-1 production endowed recombinant BCG with an increased capacity to exploit complement receptor 3 (CR3) for efficient invasion of human macrophages and evasion of inflammatory responses. PGL-1 production also promoted bacterial uptake by human dendritic cells and dampened their infection-induced maturation. Our results therefore suggest that M. leprae produces PGL-1 for immune-silent invasion of host phagocytic cells. 相似文献
157.
Siddiqui NI Akosung RF Gielens C 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2006,348(3):1138-1144
The phenoloxidase (PO) activity of the hemocyanins (Hcs) from two molluscan species, the gastropod Helix pomatia (Hp) and the cephalopod Sepia officinalis (So), was studied. With catechol as substrate the Hcs showed a weak o-diPO activity, which was moderately enhanced on limited proteolysis with subtilisin. The sites in the Hc molecules mainly responsible for this activity were identified. The highest intrinsic o-diPO activity and also by far the highest level of induction were found in the functional units (FUs) Hp f and So g, isolated from Hp beta-Hc and So Hc (subunit 2), respectively. The results thus support the earlier conclusion, made on the basis of sequence homology between molluscan Hcs, that Hp f and So g are functional and structural analogues. The subtilisin treatment of Hp f also induced monoPO activity, considered to be at the origin of browning of the sample. 相似文献
158.
Gwinn WM Damsker JM Falahati R Okwumabua I Kelly-Welch A Keegan AD Vanpouille C Lee JJ Dent LA Leitenberg D Bukrinsky MI Constant SL 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》2006,177(7):4870-4879
Extracellular cyclophilins have been well described as chemotactic factors for various leukocyte subsets. This chemotactic capacity is dependent upon interaction of cyclophilins with the cell surface signaling receptor CD147. Elevated levels of extracellular cyclophilins have been documented in several inflammatory diseases. We propose that extracellular cyclophilins, via interaction with CD147, may contribute to the recruitment of leukocytes from the periphery into tissues during inflammatory responses. In this study, we examined whether extracellular cyclophilin-CD147 interactions might influence leukocyte recruitment in the inflammatory disease allergic asthma. Using a mouse model of asthmatic inflammation, we show that 1) extracellular cyclophilins are elevated in the airways of asthmatic mice; 2) mouse eosinophils and CD4+ T cells express CD147, which is up-regulated on CD4+ T cells upon activation; 3) cyclophilins induce CD147-dependent chemotaxis of activated CD4+ T cells in vitro; 4) in vivo treatment with anti-CD147 mAb significantly reduces (by up to 50%) the accumulation of eosinophils and effector/memory CD4+ T lymphocytes, as well as Ag-specific Th2 cytokine secretion, in lung tissues; and 5) anti-CD147 treatment significantly reduces airway epithelial mucin production and bronchial hyperreactivity to methacholine challenge. These findings provide a novel mechanism whereby asthmatic lung inflammation may be reduced by targeting cyclophilin-CD147 interactions. 相似文献
159.
Roxane Simeone Ga?lle Huet Patricia Constant Wladimir Malaga Anne Lemassu Fran?oise Laval Mamadou Daffé Christophe Guilhot Christian Chalut 《PloS one》2013,8(3)
Phenolic glycolipids are produced by a very limited number of slow-growing mycobacterial species, most of which are pathogen for humans. In Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiologic agent of tuberculosis, these molecules play a role in the pathogenicity by modulating the host immune response during infection. The major variant of phenolic glycolipids produced by M. tuberculosis, named PGL-tb, consists of a large lipid core terminated by a glycosylated aromatic nucleus. The carbohydrate part is composed of three sugar residues, two rhamnosyl units and a terminal fucosyl residue, which is per-O-methylated, and seems to be important for pathogenicity. While most of the genes responsible for the synthesis of the lipid core domain and the saccharide appendage of PGL-tb have been characterized, the enzymes involved in the O-methylation of the fucosyl residue of PGL-tb remain unknown. In this study we report the identification and characterization of the methyltransferases required for the O-methylation of the terminal fucosyl residue of PGL-tb. These enzymes are encoded by genes Rv2954c, Rv2955c and Rv2956. Mutants of M. tuberculosis harboring deletion within these genes were constructed. Purification and analysis of the phenolglycolipids produced by these strains, using a combination of mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy, revealed that Rv2954c, Rv2955c and Rv2956 encode the methyltransferases that respectively catalysed the O-methylation of the hydroxyl groups located at positions 3, 4 and 2 of the terminal fucosyl residue of PGL-tb. Our data also suggest that methylation at these positions is a sequential process, starting with position 2, followed by positions 4 and 3. 相似文献
160.