Pyrus spinosa und ihre Hybriden in Südwestbulgarien

Pyrus spinosa Forsk. (=P. amygdaliformis Will.) kreuzt sich in beträchtlichem Masse mitP. pyraster Burgsd. und mitP. communis L. Es wurden drei Hybriden beschrieben, die zwar weniger, aber gut keimende Samen haben. Potentiell sind in der bulgarischen Population vonP. spinosa Merkmale aller infraspezifischen Taxa vertreten, doch nur zwei von ihnen kommen in grösserem Masse vor, das Vorkommen der weiteren drei ist nur gering. Merkmale des übrigen infraspezifischen Taxon kommen nur in Kombination mit Merkmalen anderer Taxa bei Übergangsformen vor. Vorläufig ist auch die Verbreitung vonP. spinosa und ihrer Hybriden in Bulgarien angegeben.     

The effects of three rad genes on UV induced mutation rates in haploid and diploid Saccharomyces cells

Effects of the rad 2-20, rad 9-4, r1s, and the corresponding wild type RAD alleles in haploid and homozygous diploid Saccharomyces strains on UV induced mutation rates from adenine, lysine and histidine dependence to independence are reported. The UV induced mutation rates were similar for the RAD, r1s, and rad 9-4 haploids, whereas the rad 2-20 mutation causes a marked increase in the UV induced mutation rates. The diploid rad 2-20 strain also exhibits a marked increase in the UV induced mutation rates, whereas the rad 9-4 diploid has reduced mutation rates when compared to the wildtype. The UV induced mutation rates of haploid and diploid RAD strains are almost identical. For the rad 2-20 and rad 9-4 diploids, however, these rates are smaller than in the corresponding haploid strains. Differential effects of the rad genes on the ratio of locus to suppressor mutations were found. The implications of these findings on possible repair processes in yeasts are discussed.     

A contribution to the phenotype distribution of phosphoglucomutase in Czechoslovakia (the district of České Budějovice)

Summary A population sample of 416 unrelated donors from eské Budjovice (southorn Bohemia) was investigated for the phenotypes of phosphoglucomutase (PGM). The calculated frequencies of the allelles PGM ₁ ¹ and PGM ₁ ² , 0.770 and 0.230, respectively, correspond to the expected frequencies of the phenotypes PGM 1=0.593, PGM 2-1=0.354, and PGM 2=0.0529. No rare phonotype was detected.     

Studien über dieJungermannioideae (Hepaticae) 8.Jungermannia subg.Plectocolea und subg.Solenostoma in Australien,Neuseeland und Ozeanien

Die achte Studie über die SubfamilieJungermannioideae (Jungermanniaceae, Hepaticae) ist dén Arten der GattungJungermannia L. emend.Dum., die in Australien, Neuseeland und Ozeanien vorkommen, gewidmet. Die meist endemischen Arten, die auf Hawaii vorkommen, werden als eine selbständige (neunte) Studie bearbeitet. Im genannten Gebiet wurden 13 Arten der GattungJungermannia L. emend.Dum. festgestellt.J. (P.) hasskarliana (Nees) Steph.,J. (P.) obliquifolia (Schiffn.) Váňa,J. (P.) tetragona Lindenb.,J. (P.) hirticalyx Steph.,J. (P.) minutiverrucosa Amak.,J. (P.) wattsiana Steph.,J. (S.) ariadne Tayl.,J. (S.) totipapillosa Hodgs.,J. (S.) inundata Hook. fil. etTayl. emend.Mitt. undJ. (S.) orbiculata (Col.) Grolle sind eingehend taxonomisch bearbeitet,J. (P.) micrantha (Mitt.) Steph. wird in die nächste Studie eingereiht.J. (P.) boninensis (Horik.) Inoue wurde vonInoue (Inoue etIwatsuki 1969) eingehend beschrieben und abgebildet,Haplozia comptonii Pears. wurde schon im 2. Teil diskutiert. Die anderen aus dem Gebiet bekannten Arten sind mit den obenerwähnten Arten synonymisiert oder zu anderen Gattungen gestellt.     

Chemical Variation in Essential Oil Profiles Detected Using Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction Gas Chromatography Spectrometry in Response to Potassium, Nitrogen, and Water Available to Micropropagated Plants of Salvia stenophylla (Burch. ex Benth.)

The effects of nitrogen, potassium, water stress, and phytohormones were studied using a Salvia stenophylla (Burch. ex Benth.) microplant system. In vitro regeneration was monitored and then followed with volatile secondary metabolite profiling through headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography. Plantlet growth was most prolific on half-strength Murashige and Skoog medium without phytohormones. An increase in macronutrients supplied to the microplants enhanced accumulation of the commercially important (−)-α-bisabolol, while no significant changes to the relative abundance of β-bisabolene, α-muurolene, α-patchoulene, and D-limonene (among others) became apparent. Water-stressed plants, treated with sorbitol and polyethylene glycol, had a lowered rooting capacity in vitro. Overall, as a plant production system, micropropagation did not have deleterious effects on the biochemistry of S. stenophylla as no significant differences in metabolic profiles existed between conventional garden plants and in vitro propagules, regardless of phytohormone treatment. We also show that nutrient manipulation can be used efficiently as a strategy for positively altering secondary metabolism. This will ultimately benefit the domestication of this commercially important medicinal herb.