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221.
Damien A. Fordham Camille Mellin Bayden D. Russell Reşit H. Akçakaya Corey J. A. Bradshaw Matthew E. Aiello‐Lammens Julian M. Caley Sean D. Connell Stephen Mayfield Scoresby A. Shepherd Barry W. Brook 《Global Change Biology》2013,19(10):3224-3237
Evidence is accumulating that species' responses to climate changes are best predicted by modelling the interaction of physiological limits, biotic processes and the effects of dispersal‐limitation. Using commercially harvested blacklip (Haliotis rubra) and greenlip abalone (Haliotis laevigata) as case studies, we determine the relative importance of accounting for interactions among physiology, metapopulation dynamics and exploitation in predictions of range (geographical occupancy) and abundance (spatially explicit density) under various climate change scenarios. Traditional correlative ecological niche models (ENM) predict that climate change will benefit the commercial exploitation of abalone by promoting increased abundances without any reduction in range size. However, models that account simultaneously for demographic processes and physiological responses to climate‐related factors result in future (and present) estimates of area of occupancy (AOO) and abundance that differ from those generated by ENMs alone. Range expansion and population growth are unlikely for blacklip abalone because of important interactions between climate‐dependent mortality and metapopulation processes; in contrast, greenlip abalone should increase in abundance despite a contraction in AOO. The strongly non‐linear relationship between abalone population size and AOO has important ramifications for the use of ENM predictions that rely on metrics describing change in habitat area as proxies for extinction risk. These results show that predicting species' responses to climate change often require physiological information to understand climatic range determinants, and a metapopulation model that can make full use of this data to more realistically account for processes such as local extirpation, demographic rescue, source‐sink dynamics and dispersal‐limitation. 相似文献
222.
Joseph J. Dalluge Laurie B. Connell 《Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions》2013,17(6):953-961
To move beyond targeted approaches to the biochemical characterization of psychrophilic yeast and provide a more holistic understanding of the chemistry of physiological adaptation of psychrophiles at the molecular level, ultraperformance liquid chromatography combined with simultaneous acquisition of low- and high-collision energy mass spectra (UPLC/MSe) was employed for a preliminary comparative analysis of cell extracts of psychrophilic Antarctic yeasts Cryptococcus vishniacii CBS 10616 and Dioszegia cryoxerica CBS 10919 versus the mesophile Saccharomyces cerevisiae ‘cry havoc’. A detailed workflow for providing high-confidence preliminary identifications of psychrophilic yeast-specific molecular features is presented. Preliminary identifications of psychrophile-specific features in C. vishniacii and D. cryoxerica determined with the described method include the glycerophospholipids lysophosphatidylcholine 18:2, lysophosphatidylcholine 18:3, lysophosphatidylethanolamine 18:3, and lysophosphatidylethanolamine 18:2. In addition, levels of guanosine diphosphate appear significantly elevated in cell extracts of the psychrophilic yeasts as compared to Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Finally, five psychrophilic yeast-specific peptides have been discovered. All of these are demonstrated to be glycine- and/or proline-rich, a known structural characteristic of many naturally occurring bioactive peptides. The potential of this untargeted metabolite profiling approach as a tool for knowledge discovery and hypothesis generation in the study of biodiversity and microbial adaptation is highlighted. 相似文献
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O’Connell Thomas M. Logsdon David L. Mitscher Gloria Payne R. Mark 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2021,17(10):1-11
Metabolomics - Skeletal homeostasis is an exquisitely regulated process most directly influenced by bone resorbing osteoclasts, bone forming osteoblasts, and the mechano-sensing osteocytes. These... 相似文献
225.
Srivastava A Talaue M Liu S Degen D Ebright RY Sineva E Chakraborty A Druzhinin SY Chatterjee S Mukhopadhyay J Ebright YW Zozula A Shen J Sengupta S Niedfeldt RR Xin C Kaneko T Irschik H Jansen R Donadio S Connell N Ebright RH 《Current opinion in microbiology》2011,14(5):532-543
A new drug target - the 'switch region' - has been identified within bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP), the enzyme that mediates bacterial RNA synthesis. The new target serves as the binding site for compounds that inhibit bacterial RNA synthesis and kill bacteria. Since the new target is present in most bacterial species, compounds that bind to the new target are active against a broad spectrum of bacterial species. Since the new target is different from targets of other antibacterial agents, compounds that bind to the new target are not cross-resistant with other antibacterial agents. Four antibiotics that function through the new target have been identified: myxopyronin, corallopyronin, ripostatin, and lipiarmycin. This review summarizes the switch region, switch-region inhibitors, and implications for antibacterial drug discovery. 相似文献
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Johnson T Gaunt TR Newhouse SJ Padmanabhan S Tomaszewski M Kumari M Morris RW Tzoulaki I O'Brien ET Poulter NR Sever P Shields DC Thom S Wannamethee SG Whincup PH Brown MJ Connell JM Dobson RJ Howard PJ Mein CA Onipinla A Shaw-Hawkins S Zhang Y Davey Smith G Day IN Lawlor DA Goodall AH;Cardiogenics Consortium Fowkes FG Abecasis GR Elliott P Gateva V;Global BPgen Consortium Braund PS Burton PR Nelson CP Tobin MD van der Harst P Glorioso N Neuvrith H Salvi E Staessen JA Stucchi A Devos N 《American journal of human genetics》2011,(6):688-700