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61.
The bioterror threat of a smallpox outbreak in an unvaccinated population has mobilized efforts to develop new antipoxviral agents. By screening a library of known drugs, we identified 13 compounds that inhibited vaccinia virus replication at noncytotoxic doses. The anticancer drug mitoxantrone is unique among the inhibitors identified in that it has no apparent impact on viral gene expression. Rather, it blocks processing of viral structural proteins and assembly of mature progeny virions. The isolation of mitoxantrone-resistant vaccinia strains underscores that a viral protein is the likely target of the drug. Whole-genome sequencing of mitoxantrone-resistant viruses pinpointed missense mutations in the N-terminal domain of vaccinia DNA ligase. Despite its favorable activity in cell culture, mitoxantrone administered intraperitoneally at the maximum tolerated dose failed to protect mice against a lethal intranasal infection with vaccinia virus. 相似文献
62.
Daly-Burns B Alam TN Mackay A Clark J Shepherd CJ Rizzo S Tatoud R O'Hare MJ Masters JR Hudson DL 《Differentiation; research in biological diversity》2007,75(1):35-48
In the normal human prostate, undifferentiated proliferative cells reside in the basal layer and give rise to luminal secretory cells. There are, however, few epithelial cell lines that have a basal cell phenotype and are able to differentiate. We set out to develop a cell line with these characteristics that would be suitable for the study of the early stages of prostate epithelial cell differentiation. We produced a matched pair of conditionally immortalized prostate epithelial and stromal cell lines derived from the same patient. The growth of these cells is temperature dependent and differentiation can be induced following a rise in culture temperature. Three-dimensional co-cultures of these cell lines elicited gland-like structures reminiscent of prostatic acini. cDNA microarray analysis of the epithelial line demonstrated changes in gene expression consistent with epithelial differentiation. These genes may prove useful as markers for different prostate cell types. The cell lines provide a model system with which to study the process of prostatic epithelial differentiation and stromal-epithelial interactions. This may prove to be useful in the development of differentiation-targeted prostate cancer therapies. 相似文献
63.
Dynamics of Vaginal Bacterial Communities in Women Developing Bacterial Vaginosis, Candidiasis, or No Infection, Analyzed by PCR-Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis and Real-Time PCR 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3 下载免费PDF全文
Beatrice Vitali Ciro Pugliese Elena Biagi Marco Candela Silvia Turroni Gert Bellen Gilbert G. G. Donders Patrizia Brigidi 《Applied microbiology》2007,73(18):5731-5741
The microbial flora of the vagina plays a major role in preventing genital infections, including bacterial vaginosis (BV) and candidiasis (CA). An integrated approach based on PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) and real-time PCR was used to study the structure and dynamics of bacterial communities in vaginal fluids of healthy women and patients developing BV and CA. Universal eubacterial primers and Lactobacillus genus-specific primers, both targeted at 16S rRNA genes, were used in DGGE and real-time PCR analysis, respectively. The DGGE profiles revealed that the vaginal flora was dominated by Lactobacillus species under healthy conditions, whereas several potentially pathogenic bacteria were present in the flora of women with BV. Lactobacilli were the predominant bacterial population in the vagina for patients affected by CA, but changes in the composition of Lactobacillus species were observed. Real-time PCR analysis allowed the quantitative estimation of variations in lactobacilli associated with BV and CA diseases. A statistically significant decrease in the relative abundance of lactobacilli was found in vaginal fluids of patients with BV compared to the relative abundance of lactobacilli in the vaginal fluids of healthy women and patients with CA. 相似文献
64.
deltaN-p73 is a transcriptional target of the PML/RARalpha oncogene in myeloid differentiation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
65.
The Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) regions of ribosomal DNA are widely used as markers for phylogenetic analyses and environmental
sampling from a variety of organisms including fungi, plants, and animals. In theory, concerted evolution homogenizes multicopy
genes so that little or no variation exists within populations or individuals. However, contrary to theory, ITS variation
has been confirmed in populations and individuals from a diverse range of eukaryotes. The presence of intraspecific and intra-individual
variation in multicopy genes has important implications for ecological and phylogenetic studies, yet relatively little is
known about natural variation of these genes, particularly at the community level. In this study, we examined intraspecific
and intra-sporocarp ITS variation by DNA sequencing from sporocarps and pooled roots from 68 species of ectomycorrhizal fungi
collected at a single site in a Quercus woodland. We detected ITS variation in 27 species, roughly 40% of the taxa examined. Although intraspecific ITS variation
was generally low (0.16–2.85%, mean = 0.74%), it was widespread within this fungal community. We detected ITS variation in
both sporocarps and ectomycorrhizal roots, and variation was present within species of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, two distantly
related lineages within the Fungi. We discuss the implications of such widespread ITS variability with special reference to
DNA-based environmental sampling from diverse fungal communities.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
66.
Targeting farnesoid X receptor for liver and metabolic disorders 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a metabolic nuclear receptor expressed in the liver, intestine, kidney and adipose tissue. By regulating the expression and function of genes involved in bile acid (BA) synthesis, uptake and excretion, FXR has emerged as a key gene involved in the maintenance of cholesterol and BA homeostasis. FXR ligands are currently under clinical investigation for the treatment of cholestasis, dyslipidemic disorders and conditions of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Because activation of FXR impacts a considerable number of genes, development of FXR modulators that selectively regulate specific pathways will limit potentially undesirable side effects. Interaction of FXR with other BAs and xenobiotics sensors such as the constitutive androstane receptor and the pregnane X receptor might allow the development of combination therapies for liver and metabolic disorders. 相似文献
67.
Schunck Fabio Rodrigues Kleber Evangelista da Silva Marco Aurélio Galvão Prates Cristine Albano Ciro Piacentini Vítor Q. 《Acta ethologica》2022,25(3):135-140
acta ethologica - The Brazilian ruby, Heliodoxa rubricauda, is a forest species of hummingbird endemic to the Atlantic Forest. It belongs to an Andean clade of birds with robust and strong legs and... 相似文献
68.
The Increase in Maternal Expression of axin1 and axin2 Contribute to the Zebrafish Mutant Ichabod Ventralized Phenotype 下载免费PDF全文
Fabio Valenti Jessica Ibetti Yuko Komiya Melissa Baxter Anna Maria Lucchese Lauren Derstine Claudia Covaciu Valeria Rizzo Renza Vento Giuseppe Russo Marcella Macaluso Franco Cotelli Daniele Castiglia Cara J. Gottardi Raymond Habas Antonio Giordano Gianfranco Bellipanni 《Journal of cellular biochemistry》2015,116(3):418-430
69.
p53 Modulates Notch Signaling in MCF‐7 Breast Cancer Cells by Associating With the Notch Transcriptional Complex Via MAML1 下载免费PDF全文
Jieun Yun Ingrid Espinoza Antonio Pannuti Damian Romero Luis Martinez Mary Caskey Adina Stanculescu Maurizio Bocchetta Paola Rizzo Vimla Band Hamid Band Hwan Mook Kim Song‐Kyu Park Keon Wook Kang Maria Laura Avantaggiati Christian R. Gomez Todd Golde Barbara Osborne Lucio Miele 《Journal of cellular physiology》2015,230(12):3115-3127
70.
Palmieri F Pierri CL De Grassi A Nunes-Nesi A Fernie AR 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2011,66(1):161-181
The mitochondrial carriers (MC) constitute a large family (MCF) of inner membrane transporters displaying different substrate specificities, patterns of gene expression and even non-mitochondrial organelle localization. In Arabidopsis thaliana 58 genes encode these six trans-membrane domain proteins. The number in other sequenced plant genomes varies from 37 to 125, thus being larger than that of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and comparable with that of Homo sapiens. In addition to displaying highly similar secondary structures, the proteins of the MCF can be subdivided into subfamilies on the basis of substrate specificity and the presence of specific symmetry-related amino acid triplets. We assessed the predictive power of these triplets by comparing predictions with experimentally determined data for Arabidopsis MCs, and applied these predictions to the not yet functionally characterized mitochondrial carriers of the grass, Brachypodium distachyon, and the alga, Ostreococcus lucimarinus. We additionally studied evolutionary aspects of the plant MCF by comparing sequence data of the Arabidopsis MCF with those of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Homo sapiens, then with those of Brachypodium distachyon and Ostreococcus lucimarinus, employing intra- and inter-genome comparisons. Finally, we discussed the importance of the approaches of global gene expression analysis and in vivo characterizations in order to address the relevance of these vital carrier proteins. 相似文献