Vulvovaginal candidiasis in pregnancy and its treatment with clotrimazole

The Writers have carried out a study on 624 pregnant women pointing out that the incidence of vulvovaginal candidiasis is notably increased (35,5%) during pregnancy with a slight difference in the three three-monthly periods of pregnancy. Controls on 195 women after treatment with clotrimazole showed an average percentage of recovery of 83% with a maximum of 87% in the second three-monthly period.     

Sex-related expression of sialic acid acceptor sugars in the mouse submandibular gland. Simultaneous visualization by confocal laser scanning microscopy.

The novel combination of sialidase digestion with simultaneous PNA and DBA binding yielded marked differences on sialoglycoconjugate occurrence and distribution in the mouse submandibular gland acinar cells of the two sexes. Striking differences in the structure of terminal disaccharides within stored secretory sialoglycoconjugates were also found. High content of sialic acid, characterized by the terminal sequence sialic acid-alpha-N-acetylgalactosamine, was established to only occur in the male acini where secretory cells appeared to be differently stained; indeed, some cells exhibited codistribution of sialic acid-alpha-N-acetylgalactosamine and sialic acid-beta-galactose terminal disaccharides, whereas other ones exclusively contained one of the two kinds of terminal sequences. In the female acinar cells, the secretory products were found to be almost exclusively composed by glycoconjugates having sialic acid subtended to beta-galactose without appreciable differences between acinar cells. Our finding of such extensive differences in the acinar cells of male and female mice adds new insights into the submandibular gland sexual dimorphism, commonly attributed to the androgen responsiveness of the granular convoluted tubule portion of the gland.     

Immunoreactive vasopressin in the supra-chiasmatic nucleus. Preliminary data in rats]

The immunohistochemical technique for the vasopressin localisation shows the presence of this hormone in neurons of the rat supra-chiasmatic nucleus. Different experimental conditions induce modifications of the supra-chiasmatic vasopressin, and, in the same time, the storage of immunoreactive peptide in the fibres terminating in the external zone of the median eminence. However, the supra-chiasmatic, supraoptic and paraventricular changes are not obligatory similar.     

Phylogenetic relationships,population demography,and species delimitation of the Alouatta belzebul species complex (Atelidae: Alouattinae)

Primates - Howler monkeys (genus Alouatta) exhibit the most extensive distribution among platyrrhines, comprising Mesoamerican and South American species groups, with the South American group...