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221.
Huai-Sen Ai Kai He Zhong-Zheng Chen Jia-Qi Li Tao Wan Quan Li Wen-Hui Nie Jin-Huan Wang Wei-Ting Su Xue-Long Jiang 《动物学研究》2018,(5)
Hedgehogs in the genus Mesechinus(Family Erinaceidae), which include two currently recognized species(M. dauuricus and M. hughi), are distributed from northeast Mongolia to the upper Amur Basin in Russia and adjacent areas in northeast and northern China. In recent years, a population of Mesechinus hedgehogs was discovered from Mt. Gaoligong,southwestern Yunnan, China, far from the known distribution range of the genus. Furthermore, these hedgehogs are the only known population to be distributed at elevations higher than 2 100 m and in sympatry with gymnures. To evaluate the taxonomic status of these hedgehogs, we examined specimens representing Mesechinus taxa in China and further conducted morphometric and karyotypic analyses.Our results supported the existence of four species in China. Specifically, we identified the hedgehogs from Mt. Gaoligong as a new species, Mesechinus wangi sp. nov., and recognized M. miodon, previously considered as a synonym of either M. dauuricus or M.hughi, as a distinct species. Interestingly, we observed a supernumerary M~4 on all specimens of Mesechinus wangi sp. nov., which is an extremely rare event in the evolution of mammalian dentition. 相似文献
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B. B. Liu M. Li Q. M. Li Q. Q. Cui W. D. Zhang X. Z. Ai H. G. Bi 《Photosynthetica》2018,56(3):942-952
Drought stress is one of the main environmental factors limiting plant growth and productivity of many crops. Elevated carbon dioxide concentration (eCO2) can ameliorate, mitigate, or compensate for the negative impact of drought on plant growth and enable plants to remain turgid and functional for a longer period. In order to investigate the combined effects of eCO2 and drought stress on photosynthetic performance and leaf structures, we analyzed photosynthetic characteristics and structure and ultrastructure of cucumber leaves. The decline in net photosynthetic rate under moderate drought stress occurred due to stomatal limitation alone, while under severe drought stress, it was the result of stomatal and nonstomatal limitations. Conversely, eCO2 improved photosynthetic performance under moderate drought stress, increased the lengths of the palisade cells and the number of chloroplasts per palisade cell under severe drought stress, and significantly increased the grana thickness under moderate drought stress. Additionally, eCO2 significantly decreased stomatal density, stomatal widths and stomatal aperture on the abaxial surface of leaves under moderate drought stress. In conclusion, eCO2 can alleviate the negative effects of drought stress by improving the drought resistance of cucumber seedlings through stomatal modifications and leaf structure. 相似文献
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Identification and characterization of two novel C‐type lectins from the larvae of housefly,Musca domestica L. 下载免费PDF全文
Jing Zhou Nai‐ Nai Fang Ya Zheng Kai‐ Yu Liu Bin Mao Li‐ Na Kong Ya Chen Hui Ai 《Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology》2018,98(3)
Lectins and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are widely distributed in various insects and play crucial roles in primary host defense against pathogenic microorganisms. Two AMPs (cecropin and attacin) have been identified and characterized in the larvae of housefly. In this study, two novel C‐type lectins (CTLs) were obtained from Musca domestica, while their agglutinating and antiviral properties were evaluated. Real‐time PCR analysis showed that the mRNA levels of four immune genes (MdCTL1, MdCTL2, Cecropin, and Attacin) from M. domestica were significantly upregulated after injection with killed Gram‐negative Escherichia coli. Moreover, purified MdCTL1‐2 proteins can agglutinate E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus in the presence of calcium ions, suggesting their immune function is Ca2+ dependent. Sequence analysis indicated that typical WND and QPD motifs were found in the Ca2+‐binding site 2 of carbohydrate recognition domain from MdCTL1‐2, which was consistent with their agglutinating activities. Subsequently, antiviral experiments indicated that MdCTL1‐2 proteins could significantly reduce the infection rate of Spodoptera frugiperda 9 cells by the baculovirus Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus, indicating they might play important roles in insect innate immunity against microbial pathogens. In addition, MdCTL1‐2 proteins could effectively inhibit the replication of influenza H1N1 virus, which was similar to the effect of ribavirin. These results suggested that two novel CTLs could be considered a promising drug candidate for the treatment of influenza. Moreover, it is believed that the discovery of the CTLs with antiviral effects in M. domestica will improve our understanding of the molecular mechanism of insect immune response against viruses. 相似文献
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Itoh Hiroya Miura Ai Matsui Makoto Arazoe Takayuki Nishida Keiji Kumagai Toshitaka Arita Masanori Tamano Koichi Machida Masayuki Shibata Takashi 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2018,102(3):1393-1405
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - In the production of useful microbial secondary metabolites, the breeding of strains is generally performed by random mutagenesis. However, because random... 相似文献
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Neutrophils differentially attenuate immune response to Aspergillus infection through complement receptor 3 and induction of myeloperoxidase 下载免费PDF全文