A20 plays a critical role in the immunoregulatory function of mesenchymal stem cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess an immunoregulatory capacity and are a therapeutic target for many inflammation‐related diseases. However, the detailed mechanisms of MSC‐mediated immunosuppression remain unclear. In this study, we provide new information to partly explain the molecular mechanisms of immunoregulation by MSCs. Specifically, we found that A20 expression was induced in MSCs by inflammatory cytokines. Knockdown of A20 in MSCs resulted in increased proliferation and reduced adipogenesis, and partly reversed the suppressive effect of MSCs on T cell proliferation in vitro and inhibited tumour growth in vivo. Mechanistic studies indicated that knockdown of A20 in MSCs inhibited activation of the p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, which potently promoted the production of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and inhibited the production of interleukin (IL)‐10. Collectively, these data reveal a crucial role of A20 in regulating the immunomodulatory activities of MSCs by controlling the expression of TNF‐α and IL‐10 in an inflammatory environment. These findings provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of various inflammatory‐associated diseases, and are a new reference for the future development of treatments for such afflictions.     

淫羊藿总黄酮对肾阳虚大鼠下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴钙调蛋白基因表达的影响

目的:从分子水平探讨肾阳虚证病理改变及淫羊藿总黄酮的作用及其机理,为开发药物的临床新用途提供理论依据.方法:用大剂量外源糖皮质激素建立肾阳虚大鼠动物模型,以实时荧光定量RT-PCR技术,测定各组大鼠下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴CaM mRNA的表达,以及淫羊藿总黄酮对其的影响.结果:肾阳虚大鼠下丘脑、肾上腺CaMmRNA水平升高,垂体组织CaM mRNA水平没有显著变化,淫羊藿总黄酮能够降低下丘脑组织CaM mRNA水平,但对肾上腺影响不显著.结论:大鼠肾阳虚证时下丘脑中CaM mRNA水平升高,淫羊藿总黄酮可使其降低.     

禽巴氏杆菌C48-3株成熟黏附蛋白基因cpm39的克隆及序列分析

目的：对禽巴氏杆菌C48-3躺株编码成熟黏附蛋白的基因cpm39进行克隆和序列分析。方法：通过PCR从禽巴氏杆菌C448-3。基因组DNA中扩增出cpm39基因,克隆到pMD18-T载体中,转化大肠杆菌DH5d,并对目的基因进行核苷酸序列测定;用Clustal X和Mega 2．1软件将测定的序列与GenBank中已登录的16种血清型巴氏杆菌株核苷酸序列进行同源性分析。结果：测序结果表明cpm39基因大小为1002bp,与已知的16个血清型巴氏杆菌cpm39基因核苷酸序列的同源性为81．5％～100％。结论：克隆得到禽巴氏杆菌C。躺株编码成熟黏附蛋白的cpm39基因,该基因在不同血清型巴氏杆菌中具有很高的同源性,该蛋白可以作为研制预防巴氏杆菌病亚单位疫苗的候选抗原。     

转反义磷脂酶Dγ基因白三叶草的获得

利用根癌农杆菌介导法将反义磷脂酶Dγ基因 (PLDγ)转入白三叶草。建立了白三叶草的继代及高频再生系统 ,对传统农杆菌侵染方法进行了改良 ,通过抗生素筛选获得大量抗性植株。对抗性植株进行了PCR和PCR Southern杂交鉴定 ,证实PLDγ基因已整合入白三叶草核基因组中。     

Smad2条件基因剔除载体的构建及LoxP位点有效性鉴定

Smads家族是最新发现的TGF－β信号转导途径中一个重要的新基因家族,SMAD2属于受体激活的SMADs。Smad2在某些肿瘤中发生突变,是一种可能的肿瘤抑制基因。Smad2基因完全剔除小鼠在胚胎期E6．5天死亡,为了研究Smad2在成体各组织器官及肿瘤发生中的可能作用,构建了Smad2条件基因剔除载体,将LoxP置于Smad2基因组序列C末端功能域两侧,并在组成型表达Cre重组酶的大肠杆菌中检测了LoxP位点的功能,该载体的构建为进行Smad2组织特异性基因剔除研究了奠定了基础。     

棉花高频体细胞胚胎发生及再生体系建立

棉花的体细胞胚胎发生率低,限制了转基因棉花的发展。为了扩大可再生棉花的基因型,发展新疆优质棉花的特点,以新疆的主要栽培品种新陆早33为材料,以下胚轴为外植体,使用葡萄糖,麦芽糖作为主要碳源,用Phytagel固化,对不同激素的浓度组合和培养条件进行探索,对棉花胚性愈伤的诱导到体细胞胚胎的发生阶段进行优化,体细胞胚胎成熟以后进行萌发培养可以获得正常的植株。通过试验证明,有利于棉花的愈伤组织生长的激素浓度为KT 0.1 mg/L,2,4-D 0.1 mg/L,下胚轴的中部诱导愈伤形态最好。体细胞胚胎发生阶段以KT,IBA组合,以低盐培养基进行子叶胚的成苗,建立了再生体系。     

毕赤酵母工程菌人hepcidin的纯化及部分铁代谢活性研究

采用摇瓶培养重组毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)表达并分泌重组人hepcidin至胞外,经等电沉淀,凝胶过滤纯化,电泳检测样品纯度,通过Western blot检测小鼠内皮细胞中hepcidin对GFP-FPN1及TfR1表达的影响.研究发现发酵hepcidin产量达150 mg/L,纯化后经Tricine-SDS-PAGE检测为单一条带,分子质量与理论质量一致,具有抗菌活性,转染内皮细胞证实重组hepcidin可影响内皮细胞GFP-FPN1及TfR1的表达,具有调节铁代谢活性,对研究hepcidin与铁代谢的相关分子吸收机制及药物开发应用奠定了基础,对潜在的医学诊断治疗具有重要意义.     

翅果油树根瘤超微结构及其内生菌的观察

作者用光学显微镜,透射电镜和扫描电镜对翅果油树(Eldaeagnus mollis D.)根瘤侵染细胞的超微结构及其内生菌的形态进行了观察研究。翅果油树根瘤中的内生菌具有五种不同的发育形态:菌丝、固氮泡囊、孢囊、孢囊孢子和拟类菌体。内生菌的这些不同形态以及它们在共生固氮中的作用,本文也作了讨论。     

Production of mycelial biomass and exo-polymer by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Hericium erinaceus</Emphasis> CZ-2: Optimization of nutrients levels using response surface methodology

The Doehlert experimental design was used to optimize the production of mycelial biomass and exopolymer from Hericium erinaceus CZ-2 in this study. Statistical analysis showed that the linear and quadric terms of 3 variables: corn flour, yeast extract, and corn steep liquor had significant effects. The optimized combination of these 3 variables was confirmed through validation experiments. The optimal conditions for higher production of mycelial biomass (19.92 g/L) were estimated when the media composition concentrations were set as: 30.85 g/L, corn flour; 2.81 g/L, yeast extract; 16.9 mL/L, corn steep liquor; 10 g/L, glucose; 1 g/L, KH₂PO₄; and 0.5 g/L, MgSO₄·7H₂O; while a maximal exo-polymer yield (1.653 g/L) could be achieved when setting concentrations of: 32.71 g/L, corn flour; 2.35 g/L, Yeast extract; 14.42 mL/L, Corn steep liquor; 10 g/L, glucose; 1 g/L, KH₂PO₄; and 0.5 g/L, MgSO₄·7H₂O. The upscale production was also investigated using a 15 L fermentor using the optimized medium.     

A strategy for fusion expression and preparation of functional glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue by introducing an enterokinase cleavage site

KGLP-1, a 31-amino acid glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue, has a great therapeutic potential for anti-diabetes. In this work, a strategy for expression and purification of functional KGLP-1 peptide has been established. KGLP-1 cDNA was fused with glutathione S-transferase (GST), with an enterokinase cleavage site in the fusion junction. The recombinant fusion protein GST–KGLP-1 was affinity purified via the GST-tag, and then digested with enterokinase. The resulting GST part as well as the enzymes were eliminated by ultra-filtration followed by size exclusion chromatograph. The yield of purified KGLP-1 was approximately 12.1 mg/L, with purity of 96.18 %. The recombinant KGLP-1 was shown to have similar bioactivity as native GLP-1 when evaluated in a Chinese hamster ovary cell line expressing a GLP-1 receptor-egfp reporter gene.