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21.
Background
The analysis of microarray experiments requires accurate and up-to-date functional annotation of the microarray reporters to optimize the interpretation of the biological processes involved. Pathway visualization tools are used to connect gene expression data with existing biological pathways by using specific database identifiers that link reporters with elements in the pathways. 相似文献22.
L. E. Sal’nikova A. G. Chumachenko E. A. Akayeva G. I. Kuznetsova I. N. Vesnina N. Sh. Lapteva S. K. Abilev A. V. Rubanovich 《Russian Journal of Genetics》2010,46(12):1479-1485
Associations of polymorphism of seven detoxification genes and three genes of oxidative response with the frequency of chromosome
aberrations in human peripheral blood lymphocytes were studied. The genotyping data were correlated with the frequencies of
spontaneous and γ-induced (1 Gy in vitro) chromosome aberrations estimated for a group of healthy donors (97 males under 25
years of age) by analyzing 500–1000 metaphase cells per individual. The spontaneous level of chromosome-type aberrations was
reduced in homozygotes for the GSTM1 locus deletion, and especially in double homozygotes for deletions of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes. The frequency of γ-induced chromosome-type aberrations was reduced in G/G homozygotes for the minor allele of the
poorly studied CYP1A1 T606G site: 0.094 ± 0.006 against 0.112 ± 0.002 for T allele carriers (P = 0.004). Linkage of the T606G site with well known and functionally important sites of the CYP1A1 gene (A4889G, T3801C) was analyzed. 相似文献
23.
Zavodnik LB Kravchuk RI Artsukevich AN Chumachenko SS Sheĭbak VM Ovchinnikov VA Buko VU 《Radiatsionnaia biologiia, radioecologiia / Rossi?skaia akademiia nauk》2003,43(6):618-624
Histological changes and alterations in biophysical and biochemical parameters in liver of gamma-irradiate rats have been investigated. The gamma-irradiation of the whole body of rats with a single dose of 1 Gy did not cause any impairments of beam structure of rat liver, but resulted in the lymphocytic infiltrations of portal tracts which were not accompanied by formation of spotty areas of necrosis in adjacent areas of lever parenchyma. gamma-Irradiation stimulated proliferation of the hepatocytes and induced time-dependent mitochondrial structure lesions. Post-irradiation changes in cell cytoplasm appeared as disordering in reticulum-endothelial system, among them enlarging and fragmentation of its cisterns, cytoplasmic vacuolization, enhancement of the number of lysosomes and of the lipid inclusion contents. These facts revealed the mobilization of the additional energy resources for recovery of metabolic processes in rat liver. Post-irradiation increase of the level of the hepatocyte membrane lipid peroxidation products preceded liver morphological alterations. The membrane lipid microviscosity decreased in 1 and 3 days after irradiation. As a result of damages of hepatocyte membrane, the activity of the alanin- and asparagin-aminotransferases in blood serum increased 6 hours after. We can conclude that the whole body single gamma-irradiation with a dose of 1 Gy leads to the reversible but significant damages to the rat liver cell membrane structures. These damages might be the reason of radiation-induced liver morphological alterations. 相似文献
24.
Laura S. Rhoads Anne M. Danks IM John Anne Warner Robert L. Isaacson John Baust Robert G. Van Buskirk 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal》1993,29(3):208-214
Summary The possible role of extracellular calcium ([Ca+2]e) in cryopreservation-induced cytotoxicity was tested using Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells and a fluorescent multiple
endpoint assay. MDCK cells maintained in 2 mM [Ca+2]e and treated with the calcium ionophore, ionomycin, increased their intracellular calcium ([Ca+2]i) as revealed by the calcium indicator dye, Fluo3 and the bottom-reading spectrofluorometer, CytoFluor 2300. The addition
of 10 mM [ethylene bis (oxyethylenenitrilo)]-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) to the extracellular medium before treatment with ionomycin blocked
this ionomycin-dependent increase in [Ca+2]i. A number of site and activity-specific fluorescent probes were surveyed to determine which indicator dye might best reveal
the ionomycin-induced cytotoxic events during this increase in [Ca+2]i. Although most dyes changed their emission profiles in response to calcium, neutral red was found to best reflect the loss
of [Ca+2]i homeostasis. The NR50 for a 15-min exposure to ionomycin in the presence of 2 mM [Ca+2]e was approximately 2μM ionomycin, but ionomycin had little apparent effect on neutral red retention when 10 mM EGTA was added to the extracellular medium. Thus it was clear that an increase in [Ca+2]i could be cytotoxic to MDCK cells and that neutral red could monitor this cytotoxic episode. To test if [Ca+2]e was similarly cytotoxic during cryopreservation, MDCK cells were subjected to cryopreservation in the presence of dimethylsulfoxide
(DMSO). In contrast to previous studies, plasma membrane integrity, not lysosomal function, seemed to best correlate with
cell survival subsequent to cryopreservation. In addition, decreasing [Ca+2]e had no discernable effect on the retention of plasma membrane indicator dyes, neutral red, or cell survival. It is concluded
that a) plasma membrane indicator dyes, not neutral red, might be better indicators of cytotoxicity occurring during cryopreservation;
b) DMSO might be toxic to lysosomes during cryopreservation of cultured cells; and c) although [Ca+2]e can contribute to cytotoxicity, the presence of [Ca+2]e might not influence cryopreservation-induced cytotoxicity. 相似文献
25.
We have identified a novel N -acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity in
lactating bovine mammary gland membranes. Acceptor specificity studies and
analysis of products obtained in vitro by 400 MHz1H-NMR spectroscopy
revealed that the enzyme catalyses the transfer of N - acetylgalactosamine
(GalNAc) from UDP-GalNAc to acceptor substrates carrying a terminal,
beta-linked N -acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residue and establishes a
beta1-->4-linkage forming a GalNAcbeta1-->4GlcNAc ( N, N
'-diacetyllactosediamine, lacdiNAc) unit. Therefore, the enzyme can be
identified as a UDP-GalNAc:GlcNAcbeta-R beta1-->4-N-
acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (beta4-GalNAcT). This enzyme resembles
invertebrate beta4-GalNAcT as well as mammalian beta4-
galactosyltransferase (beta4-GalT) in acceptor specificity. It can,
however, be clearly distinguished from the pituitary hormone-specific
beta4-GalNAcT by its incapability of acting with an elevated activity on a
glycoprotein substrate carrying a hormone-specific peptide motif.
Furthermore, the GalNAcT activity appeared not to be due to a promiscuous
action of a beta4-GalT as could be demonstrated by comparing the
beta4-GalNAcT and beta4-GalT activities of the mammary gland, bovine
colostrum, and purified beta4-GalT, by competition studies with UDP-GalNAc
and UDP-Gal, and by use of an anti-beta4-GalT polyclonal inhibiting
antibody. Interestingly, under conditions where mammalian beta4-GalT forms
with alpha-lactalbumin (alpha-LA) the lactose synthase complex, the mammary
gland beta4-GalNAcT was similarly induced by alpha-LA to act on Glc with an
increased efficiency yielding the lactose analog GalNAcbeta1-->4Glc.
This enzyme thus forms the second example of a mammalian
glycosyltransferase the specificity of which can be modified by this milk
protein. It is proposed that the mammary gland beta4-GalNAcT functions in
the synthesis of lacdiNAc- based, complex-type glycans frequently occurring
on bovine milk glycoproteins. The action of this enzyme is to be considered
when aiming at the production of properly glycosylated protein
biopharmaceuticals in the milk of transgenic dairy animals.
相似文献
26.
Electron microscopy of ultrathin sections of leaves of symptomless Himalaya Giant blackberry and of the virus indicator species, Rubus macraei, showing severe leaf curl symptoms following graft inoculation with scions from this blackberry, detected highly flexuous virus‐like particles with an unusual ‘beaded’ structure. Such particles were restricted to a few vascular cells and were distinct from P‐protein common in some such cells. This virus, provisionally named Hawaiian rubus leaf curl virus (HRLCV), symptomlessly infected a wide range of Rubus species and cultivars. Badnavirus‐like bacilliform particles were observed in some cells of a single R. macraei plant showing leaf curl symptoms following graft inoculation with the causal agent of this disease symptom from Himalaya Giant blackberry after passage through red raspberry, but not in any other material. PCR with primer sets for the badnaviruses Rubus yellow net virus and Gooseberry veinbanding associated virus, showed that no Rubus sources studied contained these viruses. However, using a sequence‐specific primer set designed from the sequence of the product generated with a badnavirus degenerate primer set, a specific product was amplified from healthy plants of all of 16 raspberry cultivars and two Rubus species, but not from 16 blackberry cultivars (including cv. Himalaya Giant). All of these sources were free from viruses known to occur in Rubus. Sequence analysis of this product showed no homology with any known badnavirus, or with any other published sequences. It seems most likely therefore that a region of the raspberry genome has been amplified using the degenerate badnavirus primer set and that it is absent from the blackberry genome. 相似文献
27.
28.
Sabine JM de Brouwer Floris W Kraaimaat Fred CGJ Sweep Marjonne CW Creemers Timothy RDJ Radstake Antoinette IM van Laarhoven Piet LCM van Riel Andrea WM Evers 《Arthritis research & therapy》2010,12(3):R89
Introduction
Stressful events are thought to contribute to the aetiology, maintenance and exacerbation of rheumatic diseases. Given the growing interest in acute stress responses and disease, this review investigates the impact of real-life experimental psychosocial, cognitive, exercise and sensory stressors on autonomic, neuroendocrine and immune function in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases. 相似文献29.
Sal'nikova LE Chumachenko AG Lapteva NSh Vesnina IN Kuznetsova GI Rubanovich AV 《Genetika》2011,47(11):1536-1544
Genotypic associations were studied for the frequency of chromosome aberrations in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Cytogenetic analysis (1000 metaphase plate per individual) and genotyping at 19 sites of genes involved in detoxification and DNA repair were performed in a sample of 83 Chernobyl liquidators and a matched control sample of 96 volunteers. In either sample, the frequency of chromosome aberrations was higher in carriers of the minor alleles of the XPD gene (sites 2251T > G and 862G > A) and the positive genotypes of the GSTM1-GSTT1 genes. The highest frequency of chromosome aberrations was observed in carriers of a combined genotype including at least one minor allele of the XPD sites + at least one insertion in the GSTM1-GSTT1 genes. The high-risk genotype, which had a prevalence of 64%, was strongly associated with a higher frequency of chromosome aberrations in both volunteers (OR = 6.9, P = 0.008) and Chernobyl liquidators (OR = 5.6, P = 0.002). 相似文献
30.
Yurii Kornii Svitlana Chumachenko Oleg Shablykin Mark N. Prichard Scott H. James Caroll Hartline Victor Zhirnov Volodymyr Brovarets 《化学与生物多样性》2019,16(10)
A series of novel 2‐oxoimidazolidine derivatives were synthesized and their antiviral activities against BK human polyomavirus type 1 (BKPyV) were evaluated in vitro. Bioassays showed that the synthesized compounds 1‐{[(4E)‐5‐(dichloromethylidene)‐2‐oxoimidazolidin‐4‐ylidene]sulfamoyl}piperidine‐4‐carboxylic acid ( 5 ) and N‐Cyclobutyl‐N′‐[(4E)‐5‐(dichloromethylidene)‐2‐oxoimidazolidin‐4‐ylidene]sulfuric diamide ( 4 ) exhibited moderate activities against BKPyV (EC50=5.4 and 5.5 μm , respectively) that are comparable to the standard drug Cidofovir. Compound 5 exhibited the same cytotoxicity in HFF cells and selectivity index (SI50) as Cidofovir. The selectivity index of compound 4 is three times less than that of Cidofovir due to the higher toxicity of this compound. Hence, these compounds may be taken as lead compound for further development of novel ant‐BKPyV agents. 相似文献