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71.
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73.
P S Chugh C K Nain V K Vinayak 《Journal of hygiene, epidemiology, microbiology, and immunology》1987,31(1):99-105
Immunisation of hamsters with the Sephadex G-200 chromatographed Fraction-I of the crude amoebic extract afforded protection in 58% of the animals against an intrahepatic challenge with a virulent subline of axenic Entamoeba histolytica NIH-200 (V). The protected animals had variable levels of anti-FI antiamoebic antibodies, while none of the infected controls had such antibodies. Findings suggest that chromatographed FI of crude amoebic extract might function as a potent immunogen affording protection in amoebic infection. 相似文献
74.
SB Lanzavecchia MI Remis JL Cladera RO Zandomeni 《Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata》2010,136(1):53-65
DNA size polymorphisms were utilized in a study of 24 natural populations of Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Argentina. The first intron of alcohol dehydrogenase 1 gene (Adh1) was amplified using exon priming intron crossing‐polymerase chain reaction. Three size variants were detected among the 307 samples analyzed. To better differentiate the size variants, further digestion of PCR products with the EcoRI restriction enzyme was carried out. Complete nucleotide sequences of the three‐allele variants were obtained and single changes, insertions, deletions, and EcoRI recognition sites were located. Population allele frequencies were analyzed and a global mean heterozygosity (He) of 0.33 was obtained. In most populations, observed allelic frequencies conformed to Hardy–Weinberg expectations. Significant differences between provinces and sampling sites within these provinces, and among some populations were found. The average number of insects exchanged among populations (Nm) was estimated and high values were observed between Argentina and populations from two African countries (Morocco and Kenya), Australia, and Hawaii (Kauai). Pest introduction sources and dispersion patterns in Argentina are discussed based on these results as well as on available bibliographical data. 相似文献
75.
Khattar SK Bora RS Priyadarsiny P Gautam A Gupta D Tiwari A Nanda K Singh R Chugh A Bansal V Mookhtiar K Saini KS 《Biotechnology letters》2006,28(21):1731-1739
The cDNAs encoding for three subtypes of adrenergic receptors, α1A-, α1B- and α1D-ARs, were cloned and expressed in HEK 293 cells. Expression of α1A- and α1B-AR subtypes in HEK 293 cells was stable even with increased passages but that of α1D-AR was not. Cellular localization studies using immunofluorescence and flow cytometry revealed that expression of α1A- and α1B-ARs was primarily localized on the cell membrane whereas expression of α1D-AR was␣predominantly intracellular. Our studies clearly demonstrated that the culturing of the recombinant cell lines expressing α1D-AR in charcoal/dextran treated fetal bovine serum (FBS) resulted in targeting of α1D-AR to the cell membrane and thus, significantly improving its stability and availability for ligand binding studies.Sunil M. Khattar, Roop Singh Bora and Priyanka Priyadarsiny contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
76.
Khattar SK Bora RS Priyadarsiny P Gupta D Khanna A Narayanan KL Babu V Chugh A Saini KS 《Biotechnology letters》2006,28(2):121-129
cDNAs encoding for five mAChR subtypes (M1–M5) were cloned under different promoters in various eukaryotic vectors and each
subtype was expressed in different mammalian cell lines. CHO-K1 cell line was the best for generating stable cell lines expressing
muscarinic receptors. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry revealed that expression of M1–M5 was primarily localized on the
cell membrane. Western blotting and radio-ligand binding studies revealed that expression of each receptor was stable at higher
passages.
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Received 22 September 2005; Revisions requested 5 October 2005; Revisions received 2 November 2005; Accepted 4 November 2005 相似文献
77.
Oxytocin has been implicated in the modulation of somatosensory transmission such as nociception and pain. The present study investigates the effect of oxytocin on formalin-induced pain response, a model of tonic continuous pain. The animals were injected with 0.1 ml of 1% formalin in the right hindpaw and the left hindpaw was injected with an equal volume of normal saline. The time spent by the animals licking or biting the injected paw during 0-5 min (early phase) and 20-25 min (late phase) was recorded separately. Oxytocin (25, 50, 100 microg/kg, i.p.) dose dependently decreased the licking/biting response, both in the early as well as the late phases. The antinociceptive effect of oxytocin (100 microg/kg, i.p.) was significantly attenuated in both the phases by a higher dose of the non-selective opioid receptor antagonist naloxone (5 mg/kg, i.p.), MR 2266 (0.1 mg/kg, i.p.), a selective kappa-opioid receptor antagonist and naltrindole (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.), a selective delta-opioid receptor antagonist but not by a lower dose of naloxone (1 mg/kg, i.p.) or beta-funaltrexamine (2.5 microg/mouse, i.c.v.), a selective mu-opioid receptor antagonist. Nimodipine, a calcium channel blocker (1 and 5 mg/kg, i.p.) produced a dose-dependent analgesic effect. The antinociceptive effect of oxytocin was significantly enhanced by the lower dose of nimodipine (1 mg/kg, i.p.) in both the phases. Chronic treatment with oxytocin (100 microg/kg/day, i.p. daily for 7 days) did not produce tolerance in both the phases of formalin-induced pain response. The results thus indicate that oxytocin displays an important analgesic response in formalin test; both kappa- and delta-opioid receptors as well as voltage-gated calcium channels seem to be involved in the oxytocin-induced antinociception. 相似文献
78.
We describe here the tunability of the HNN experiment to obtain certain residue specific peak patterns in the spectra of (15N, 13C) labeled proteins. This is achieved by tuning a band-selective 180° pulse on the carbon channel in the pulse sequence, whereby
one can tamper with the Cα–Cβ coupling evolutions for the different residues. Specifically, we generate distinctive peak patterns for serine and threonine
and their neighbors in the different planes of the three dimensional spectrum. These provide useful anchor points during sequential
assignment of backbone resonances. The performance of this experiment, referred to as HNN-ST here, is demonstrated using two
proteins, one properly folded and the other completely denatured. With the availability of high field spectrometers, techniques
such as TROSY, and ever increasing sensitivities in the probes, this experiment with its large number of check points has
a great potential for rapid and unambiguous backbone resonance assignment in large proteins. 相似文献
79.
Immunization with various cell-wall fractions ofM. tuberculosis H37Ra, progressively depleted of lipids (cell-wall-insoluble fraction; CWIF), soluble proteins (cell-wall core; CWC), mycolic
acids and arabinogalactans (cell-wall-protein-peptidoglycan complex; CW-PPC) elicited significant levels of both humoral and
cell-mediated immune response. Mice immunized with these fractions, when challenged with an LD50 dose ofM. tuberculosis H37Rv, exhibited significant protection as revealed by high survival rates and decreased bacterial load in lungs, liver and spleen,
as compared to nonimmunized animals. 相似文献
80.
The effect of griseofulvin on lipid constituents and membrane permeability ofMicrosporum gypseum has been investigated. Mycelia grown in medium containing griseofulvin (IC50 concentration) possessed a lower content of total lipids, phospholipids and sterols. This inhibitory effect was further supported
by decreased incorporation of [14C] acetate in total lipids, total phospholipids and sterols. Decrease in total phospholipids was also reflected to a varying
extent in all individual phospholipids. An increase in the unsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio was observed in mycelia
grown in medium containing griseofulvin. Membrane permeability was affected by griseofulvin as shown by increased K+-efflux and greater leakage of intracellular [32P] labelled components from prelabelled cells. Our results suggest that the antifungal activity of griseofulvin is partially
due to its secondary effect on lipid constituents ofMicrosporum gypseum. 相似文献