大肠杆菌tyrR基因剔除及其对苯丙氨酸生物合成的影响

TyrR是大肠杆菌芳香族氨基酸生物合成和运输途径中的一种全局性调控蛋白质。采用双交换同源重组的方法定位突变大肠杆菌染色体tyrR基因 ,在该基因中插入带有卡那霉素抗性基因的DNA片段 ,使之失活 ,实现基因剔除。经PCR、DNA测序、lacZ报告基因等多种方法证实了基因剔除的可靠性。tyrR基因剔除后 ,大肠杆菌芳香族氨基酸生物合成中受TyrR蛋白调控的关键酶的酶活力有所提高 :3 脱氧 2 阿拉伯庚酮糖 7 磷酸合成酶(DAHPS ,由aroG编码 )酶活力提高了 1.0 8倍 ,转氨酶 (AT ,由tyrB编码 )酶活力提高了 2 .70倍 ;突变菌株发酵生产苯丙氨酸的能力提高了 1.5 9倍 ;同时 ,与芳香族氨基酸运输相关的通透酶基因aroP(P)的阻遏被解除 ,细胞运输芳香族氨基酸的能力提高了 70 .2 %。     

L-半胱氨酸修饰碳纳米管的合成、表征及电化学性质

通过对碳纳米管氧化,合成了L-半胱氨酸修饰碳纳米管。运用红外、差热-热重分析、透射电镜对该复合物进行了表征。借助循环伏安法研究了其电化学性质。结果表明,碳纳米管的掺入极大地提高了L-半胱氨酸在金电极表面的电子传输速率和电流响应,同时也有利于L-半胱氨酸的电氧化,对L-半胱氨酸的氧化具有催化作用。     

P-Selectin-mediated acute inflammation can be blocked by chemically modified heparin, RO-heparin

Selectins are carbohydrate-binding cell adhesion molecules that play a major role in the initiation of inflammatory responses. Heparin can bind to P-selectin, and its anti-inflammatory property is mainly due to inhibition of P-selectin. However, the strong anticoagulant activity of heparin limits its clinical use. We prepared periodate-oxidized, borohydride-reduced heparin (RO-heparin) by chemical modification and tested its anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory activities. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) assays showed that, compared with heparin, RO-heparin had greatly reduced anticoagulant activity. Intravenous administration of this compound led to reduction in the peritoneal infiltration of neutrophils in a mouse acute inflammation model. In vitro cell adhesion experiments demonstrated that the effect of RO-heparin on inflammatory responses was mainly due to inhibiting the interaction of P-selectin with its ligands. These results indicate that RO-heparin may be a safer treatment for inflammation than heparin, especially when selectin is targeted.     

Ca~(++)促进大麦根K~+吸收的过程分析

吸收溶液中CaCl_2促进了大麦根K~+净吸收,Ca~(++)本身对H~+分泌无影响,Cl~-减少了H~+净分泌量。 含有~(86)Rb的大麦根在1m mol/L KCl溶液中发生~(86)Rb外流,在H_2O、1m mol/L NaCl或0.5 m mol/L CaCl_2中没有明显外流。VO_4~(3-)、NaN_3和4℃低温均可以减少根段在1m mol/L KCl溶液中的~(86)Rb外流量。Ca~(++)抑制K~+(~(86)Rb~+)的外流,EDTA加剧外流,Ca~(++)可以逆转EDTA的效应。 Ca~(++)抑制K~+(~(86)Rb)外流和促进K~+净吸收的趋势相吻合。K~+吸收的通量分析结果表明,Ca~(++)抑制K~+通过质膜的外流,促进K~+由细胞质向液泡中转运,而不影响K~+通过质膜的内流速率。     

栽培杨黄不同提取物对H_(22)荷瘤小鼠的抗肿瘤作用及机理北大核心CSCD

为探讨栽培杨黄子实体不同提取物对H_(22)荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤作用及机制,将150只ICR小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、CTX组、杨黄水提取物组、乙醇提取物组、石油醚提取物组及粗多糖组。采用H_(22)肝癌细胞建立实体瘤模型,给药第10天处死小鼠,计算脾、胸腺脏器指数及抑瘤率,检测血清中TNF-α、INF-γ、VEGF及苏木精-伊红和免疫组化染色法观察肿瘤组织病理变化,同时Western blotting检测肿瘤相关蛋白表达。结果表明,石油醚提取物的高剂量组抑瘤率(73.21%)最好,且血清中的TNF-α、IFN-γ、VEGF的含量升高;能显著促进肿瘤组织坏死、消融等现象。水提物组免疫组化则出现负调控,表现出抑瘤率不显著。Westernblotting结果表明,与模型组相比各给药组的凋亡基因Caspase-3、Caspase-9和通路基因NF-κB、JAK均高表达,且随剂量的递增表达量逐渐降低。综上所述,杨黄子实体石油醚提取物抑瘤效果显著,其作用机理可能是通过线粒体途径实现,药物经体内代谢后,引起细胞中Bax、Bcl-2、TNF等激活Caspase-3和Caspase-9凋亡蛋白,引起细胞核染色质或DNA凝聚或降解,破坏肿瘤细胞的正常增殖,从而诱导其凋亡,抑制肿瘤的生长。     

L(+)-酒石酸发酵法生产工艺改进的研究

虽然具有广泛用途的Ｌ( ) 酒石酸的生产方法有 4种[1 ] ,但目前研究最多 ,最具工业生产前景的方法 ,是应用化学合成的前体为底物 ,发酵生产Ｌ( ) 酒石酸的方法。该法中的微生物发酵转化适宜在弱碱性的条件下进行 ,通常都是把顺式环氧琥珀酸制备成相应的二钠盐来作为前体 ,再进行微生物转化生成Ｌ( ) 酒石酸。张建国[2 ] 、黄腾华等人[3 ] 在实验室按以上路线生产Ｌ( ) 酒石酸 ;孙志浩等人[4] 以明胶为载体固定化微生物细胞生产Ｌ( ) 酒石酸 ;张建国等人[5 ]在他们自己工作的基础上进一步探讨了细胞固定化的方法 ,找到了一种…     

木犀草素通过调节凝血活性物质及凝血因子含量维持机体血液循环功能的稳定

目的 探讨木犀草素通过调节凝血活性物质及凝血因子含量维持机体血液循环功能的作用机制。 方法 采用试剂盒和试管法测定木犀草素作用后的凝血酶原时间和血浆复钙时间;采用酶联免疫吸附法检测木犀草素对血液凝血活性物质血栓素(TXB2)、纤维酶原激活物抑制剂(PAI 1)、促红细胞生成素(EPO)和凝血因子Ⅶ(FⅦ)、凝血因子Ⅸ(FⅨ)含量的影响;采用PCR法测定木犀草素对凝血因子Ⅶ、Ⅸ的基因表达情况。 结果 木犀草素能缩短凝血酶原时间和血浆复钙时间,与对照组相比,40 mg/kg的木犀草素使凝血酶原时间和血浆复钙时间分别降低62.89%和64.05%(t=8.713 6、6.218 1,均P结论 木犀草素具有维持机体血液循环功能稳定的作用,其作用机制是通过提高凝血活性物质的含量,调节凝血因子的基因表达量,提高凝血因子的含量,以及抑制纤维酶原的激活和增加血液的黏度等多方面综合作用来实现的。     

A global invasion by the thrip,Frankliniella occidentalis: Current virus vector status and its management

Western flower thrip, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), is among the most economically important agricultural pests globally, attacking a wide range of vegetable and horticultural crops. In addition to causing extensive crop damage, the species is notorious for vectoring destructive plant viruses, mainly belonging to the genera Orthotospovirus, Ilarvirus, Alphacarmovirus and Machlomovirus. Once infected by orthotospoviruses, thrips can remain virulent throughout their lifespan and continue transmitting viruses to host plants when and wherever they feed. These irruptive viral outbreaks in crops will permanently disrupt functional integrated pest management systems, and typically require a remedial treatment involving insecticides, contributing to further development of insecticide resistance. To mitigate against this continuing cycle, the most effective management is early and comprehensive surveillance of the pest species and recognition of plant viruses in the field. This review provides information on the pest status of F. occidentalis, discusses the current global status of the viruses vectored by this thrip species, examines the mechanisms involved in transmitting virus‐induced diseases by thrips, and reviews different management strategies, highlighting the potential management tactics developed for various cropping systems. The early surveillance and the utilization of potential methods for control of both F. occidentalis and viruses are proposed.     

Physiological functions of Wilms’ tumor 1-associating protein and its role in tumourigenesis

The Wilms’ tumor-associated gene WT1 encodes a tumor suppressor gene, which is implicated in renal differentiation and development of adult urogenital system. Wilms’ tumor 1-associating protein (WTAP) is initially identified as a nuclear protein that specifically interacts with WT1 in both in vitro and in vivo assays. WTAP is ubiquitously expressed in different tissues and various growth periods, and its expression is involved in cell cycle, RNA splicing and stabilization, N6-methyladenosine RNA modification, cell proliferation, and apoptosis as well as embryonic development. In the present review, we aimed to summarize the functions of WTAP in various physiological and pathological processes, in particular with regard to the current knowledge about the role of WTAP in tumorigenesis of different cancers.