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101.
We previously showed that P311, an intracellular protein involved in cell migration, is found in human wound myofibroblast precursors (proto-myofibroblasts) and myofibroblasts. Furthermore, by binding to the TGF-beta1 latency associated protein (LAP), P311 induced NIH 3T3 cells to transform into non-fibrogenic myofibroblasts characterized by lack of TGF-beta1 production. Here we demonstrate that P311-induced myofibroblasts migrate in an ameboid rather than a mesenchymal pattern. Ameboid migration is characterized by lack of focal adhesions and stress fibers, absence of integrins and MMPs clustering/activation and changes in small GTPases activity, all leading to increased cell motility. P311-induced ameboid migration depended on activation of the GTPase RalA and was reverted to mesenchymal-type migration by RalA RNA interference. Ameboid migration was conserved in cells plated on fibrin, the initial wound matrix, but was switched back to mesenchymal-type migration by collagen I, the main ECM component in late stages of wound healing. TGF-beta1, the major stimulus of collagen production during wound repair, also reversed the ameboid phenotype to mesenchymal. Our studies therefore suggest that, by inducing RalA activity, P311 promotes a motile proto-myofibroblast and myofibroblast phenotype specifically adapted to rapidly populate the initial wound matrix. 相似文献
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Two chimeric regulators of G-protein signaling (RGS) proteins differentially modulate soybean heterotrimeric G-protein cycle 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Choudhury SR Westfall CS Laborde JP Bisht NC Jez JM Pandey S 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2012,287(21):17870-17881
Heterotrimeric G-proteins and the regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) proteins, which accelerate the inherent GTPase activity of Gα proteins, are common in animals and encoded by large gene families; however, in plants G-protein signaling is thought to be more limited in scope. For example, Arabidopsis thaliana contains one Gα, one Gβ, three Gγ, and one RGS protein. Recent examination of the Glycine max (soybean) genome reveals a larger set of G-protein-related genes and raises the possibility of more intricate G-protein networks than previously observed in plants. Stopped-flow analysis of GTP-binding and GDP/GTP exchange for the four soybean Gα proteins (GmGα1-4) reveals differences in their kinetic properties. The soybean genome encodes two chimeric RGS proteins with an N-terminal seven transmembrane domain and a C-terminal RGS box. Both GmRGS interact with each of the four GmGα and regulate their GTPase activity. The GTPase-accelerating activities of GmRGS1 and -2 differ for each GmGα, suggesting more than one possible rate of the G-protein cycle initiated by each of the Gα proteins. The differential effects of GmRGS1 and GmRGS2 on GmGα1-4 result from a single valine versus alanine difference. The emerging picture suggests complex regulation of the G-protein cycle in soybean and in other plants with expanded G-protein networks. 相似文献
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Collins AJ LaBarre BA Won BS Shah MV Heng S Choudhury MH Haydar SA Santiago J Nyholm SV 《Applied and environmental microbiology》2012,78(12):4200-4208
Microbial consortia confer important benefits to animal and plant hosts, and model associations are necessary to examine these types of host/microbe interactions. The accessory nidamental gland (ANG) is a female reproductive organ found among cephalopod mollusks that contains a consortium of bacteria, the exact function of which is unknown. To begin to understand the role of this organ, the bacterial consortium was characterized in the Hawaiian bobtail squid, Euprymna scolopes, a well-studied model organism for symbiosis research. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of the ANG revealed dense bacterial assemblages of rod- and coccus-shaped cells segregated by morphology into separate, epithelium-lined tubules. The host epithelium was morphologically heterogeneous, containing ciliated and nonciliated cells with various brush border thicknesses. Hemocytes of the host's innate immune system were also found in close proximity to the bacteria within the tubules. A census of 16S rRNA genes suggested that Rhodobacterales, Rhizobiales, and Verrucomicrobia bacteria were prevalent, with members of the genus Phaeobacter dominating the consortium. Analysis of 454-shotgun sequencing data confirmed the presence of members of these taxa and revealed members of a fourth, Flavobacteria of the Bacteroidetes phylum. 16S rRNA fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) revealed that many ANG tubules were dominated by members of specific taxa, namely, Rhodobacterales, Verrucomicrobia, or Cytophaga-Flavobacteria-Bacteroidetes, suggesting symbiont partitioning to specific host tubules. In addition, FISH revealed that bacteria, including Phaeobacter species from the ANG, are likely deposited into the jelly coat of freshly laid eggs. This report establishes the ANG of the invertebrate E. scolopes as a model to examine interactions between a bacterial consortium and its host. 相似文献
105.
Nishat Sharma Anil K Pinnaka Manoj Raje Ashish FNU Mani Shankar Bhattacharyya Anirban Roy Choudhury 《Microbial cell factories》2012,11(1):1-6
Background
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have found wide range of applications in electronics, biomedical engineering, and chemistry owing to their exceptional opto-electrical properties. Biological synthesis of gold nanoparticles by using plant extracts and microbes have received profound interest in recent times owing to their potential to produce nanoparticles with varied shape, size and morphology. Marine microorganisms are unique to tolerate high salt concentration and can evade toxicity of different metal ions. However, these marine microbes are not sufficiently explored for their capability of metal nanoparticle synthesis. Although, marine water is one of the richest sources of gold in the nature, however, there is no significant publication regarding utilization of marine micro-organisms to produce gold nanoparticles. Therefore, there might be a possibility of exploring marine bacteria as nanofactories for AuNP biosynthesis.Results
In the present study, marine bacteria are exploited towards their capability of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) production. Stable, monodisperse AuNP formation with around 10?nm dimension occur upon exposure of HAuCl4 solution to whole cells of a novel strain of Marinobacter pelagius, as characterized by polyphasic taxonomy. Nanoparticles synthesized are characterized by Transmission electron microscopy, Dynamic light scattering and UV-visible spectroscopy.Conclusion
The potential of marine organisms in biosynthesis of AuNPs are still relatively unexplored. Although, there are few reports of gold nanoparticles production using marine sponges and sea weeds however, there is no report on the production of gold nanoparticles using marine bacteria. The present work highlighted the possibility of using the marine bacterial strain of Marinobacter pelagius to achieve a fast rate of nanoparticles synthesis which may be of high interest for future process development of AuNPs. This is the first report of AuNP synthesis by marine bacteria. 相似文献106.
107.
Choudhary AK Andrabi R Prakash SS Kumar R Choudhury SD Wig N Biswas A Hazarika A Luthra K 《Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea)》2012,50(1):149-154
We assessed the anti-V3 antibody content and viral neutralization potential of the plasma of 63 HIV-1-infected patients (antiretroviral naïve=39, treated=24) against four primary isolates (PIs) of clade C and a tier 1 clade B isolate SF162. Depletion and inhibition of anti-V3 antibodies in the plasma of five patients with high titers of anti-V3 antibodies led to modest change in the neutralization percentage against two PIs (range 0–21%). The plasma of antiretroviral-treated patients exhibited higher neutralization potential than that of the drug-naïve plasmas against the four PIs tested which was further evidenced by a follow-up study. 相似文献
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