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The first insight into hunting and feeding behaviour of the Eurasian lynx in the Western Carpathians
Duľa Martin Nicol Chloé Bojda Michaj Labuda Jiří Slamka Marián Kutal Miroslav 《Acta theriologica》2023,68(2):237-242
Mammal Research - In Europe, the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) has suffered from intensive persecution due to competition with hunters, resulting in its extermination in the late 19th–early 20th... 相似文献
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Metcalfe Chloë Alexia Yaicurima Alfredo Yhuaraqui Papworth Sarah 《International journal of primatology》2022,43(2):216-234
International Journal of Primatology - Human observers often are present when researchers record animal behavior, which can create observer effects. These effects are rarely explicitly... 相似文献
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Christian Carpéné Jean Galitzky Chloé Belles Alexia Zakaroff-Girard 《Journal of physiology and biochemistry》2018,74(4):623-633
Tyramine is found in foodstuffs, the richest being cheeses, sausages, and wines. Tyramine has been recognized to release catecholamines from nerve endings and to trigger hypertensive reaction. Thereby, tyramine-free diet is recommended for depressed patients treated with irreversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidases (MAO) to limit the risk of hypertension. Tyramine is a substrate of amine oxidases and also an agonist at trace amine-associated receptors. Our aim was to characterize the dose-dependent effects of tyramine on human adipocyte metabolic functions. Lipolytic activity was determined in adipocytes from human subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue. Glycerol release was increased by a fourfold factor with classical lipolytic agents (1 μM isoprenaline, 1 mM isobutylmethylxanthine) while the amine was ineffective from 0.01 to 100 μM and hardly stimulatory at 1 mM. Tyramine exhibited a partial antilipolytic effect at 100 μM and 1 mM, which was similar to that of insulin but weaker than that obtained with agonists at purinergic A1 receptors, α2-adrenoceptors, or nicotinic acid receptors. Gi-protein blockade by Pertussis toxin abolished all these antilipolytic responses save that of tyramine. Indeed, tyramine antilipolytic effect was impaired by MAO-A inhibition. Tyramine inhibited protein tyrosine phosphatase activities in a manner sensitive to ascorbic acid and amine oxidase inhibitors. Thus, millimolar tyramine restrained lipolysis via the hydrogen peroxide it generates when oxidized by MAO. Since tyramine plasma levels have been reported to reach 0.2 μM after ingestion of 200 mg tyramine in healthy individuals, the direct effects we observed in vitro on adipocytes could be nutritionally relevant only when the MAO-dependent hepato-intestinal detoxifying system is overpassed. 相似文献
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Muriel Eaton Jingliang Zhang Zhixiong Ma Anthony C. Park Emma Lietzke Chloé M. Romero Yushuang Liu Emily R. Coleman Xiaoling Chen Tiange Xiao Zhefu Que Shirong Lai Jiaxiang Wu Ji Hea Lee Sophia Palant Huynhvi P. Nguyen Zhuo Huang William C. Skarnes Wendy A. Koss Yang Yang 《Genes, Brain & Behavior》2021,20(4):e12725
Large-scale genetic studies revealed SCN2A as one of the most frequently mutated genes in patients with neurodevelopmental disorders. SCN2A encodes for the voltage-gated sodium channel isoform 1.2 (Nav1.2) expressed in the neurons of the central nervous system. Homozygous knockout (null) of Scn2a in mice is perinatal lethal, whereas heterozygous knockout of Scn2a (Scn2a+/−) results in mild behavior abnormalities. The Nav1.2 expression level in Scn2a+/− mice is reported to be around 50–60% of the wild-type (WT) level, which indicates that a close to 50% reduction of Nav1.2 expression may not be sufficient to lead to major behavioral phenotypes in mice. To overcome this barrier, we characterized a novel mouse model of severe Scn2a deficiency using a targeted gene-trap knockout (gtKO) strategy. This approach produces viable homozygous mice (Scn2agtKO/gtKO) that can survive to adulthood, with about a quarter of Nav1.2 expression compared to WT mice. Innate behaviors like nesting and mating were profoundly disrupted in Scn2agtKO/gtKO mice. Notably, Scn2agtKO/gtKO mice have a significantly decreased center duration compared to WT in the open field test, suggesting anxiety-like behaviors in a novel, open space. These mice also have decreased thermal and cold tolerance. Additionally, Scn2agtKO/gtKO mice have increased fix-pattern exploration in the novel object exploration test and a slight increase in grooming, indicating a detectable level of repetitive behaviors. They bury little to no marbles and have decreased interaction with novel objects. These Scn2a gene-trap knockout mice thus provide a unique model to study pathophysiology associated with severe Scn2a deficiency. 相似文献
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