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71.
Gurusamy K 《Biological trace element research》2007,118(3):191-206
Background The incidence of primary liver cancer varies between countries. Many of the etiological factors contributing to the geographical
variations in incidence are unknown. Development of hepatocellular carcinoma has been linked to levels of trace elements.
This review summarizes the evidence associating HCC with trace elements.
Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL databases were searched. Various inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to select the
articles for inclusion. Data extraction was performed using a custom designed data extraction form.
Results A total of 12,344 references were identified. Duplicates, 1,597, were excluded. Clearly irrelevant references, 10,676, were
excluded through reading titles and abstracts. Some references (59) were excluded by applying the exclusion criteria. Twelve
studies including 646 patients and measuring iron content (8), copper content (11), zinc (9), and selenium (2) qualified for
the review. Although a meta-analysis was not possible due to heterogeneity between the studies, a clear pattern of distribution
of the trace elements was discernible.
Conclusion Iron and zinc content are lower in HCC than in surrounding tissues or normal controls. Copper content is lower in HCC than
in surrounding tissues and cirrhotic controls. Epidemiological and physiological reasons for the trace element alterations
should be further investigated. 相似文献
72.
Johnson LE Frye TP Chinnasamy N Chinnasamy D McNeel DG 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》2007,56(6):885-895
Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) is a prostate cancer tumor antigen and a prostate-specific protein shared by rats and humans.
Previous studies indicated that Copenhagen rats immunized with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing human PAP (hPAP) developed
PAP-specific cytotoxic T cells (CTL) with cross reactivity to rat PAP (rPAP) and evidence of prostate inflammation. Viral
delivery of vaccine antigens is an active area of clinical investigation. However, a potential difficulty with viral-based
immunizations is that immune responses elicited to the viral vector might limit the possibility of multiple immunizations.
In this paper, we investigate the ability of another genetic immunization method, a DNA vaccine encoding PAP, to elicit antigen-specific
CD8+ T cell immune responses. Specifically, Lewis rats were immunized with either a plasmid DNA-based (pTVG-HP) or vaccinia-based
(VV-HP) vaccine each encoding hPAP. We determined that rats immunized with a DNA vaccine encoding hPAP developed a Th1-biased
immune response as indicated by proliferating PAP-specific CD4+ and CD8+ cells and IFNγ production. Rats immunized with vaccinia
virus encoding PAP did not develop a PAP-specific response unless boosted with a heterologous vaccination scheme. Most importantly,
multiple immunizations with a DNA vaccine encoding the rat PAP homologue (pTVG-RP) could overcome peripheral self-tolerance
against rPAP and generate a Th1-biased antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell response. Overall, DNA vaccines provide a safe
and effective method of generating prostate antigen-specific T cell responses. These findings support the investigation of
PAP-specific DNA vaccines in human clinical trials. 相似文献
73.
Gurusamy Dhandapani Azhagiyamanavalan Lakshmi Prabha Mogilicherla Kanakachari Mullapudi Lakshmi Venkata Phanindra Narayanasamy Prabhakaran Sellamuthu Gothandapani Kethireddy Venkata Padmalatha Amolkumar U. Solanke Polumetla Ananda Kumar 《Biotechnology letters》2015,37(4):907-919
A novel stress tolerance cDNA fragment encoding GhDRIN1 protein was identified and its regulation was studied in cotton boll tissues and seedlings subjected to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Phylogenetic and conserved domain prediction indicated that GhDRIN1 was annotated with a hypothetical protein of unknown function. Subcellular localization showed that GhDRIN1 is localized in the chloroplasts. The promoter sequence was isolated and subjected to in silico study. Various cis-acting elements responsive to biotic and abiotic stresses and hormones were found. Transgenic tobacco seedlings exhibited better growth on amended MS medium and showed minimal leaf damage in insect bioassays carried out with Helicoverpa armigera larvae. Transgenic tobacco showed better tolerance to water-deficit and fast recovered upon rewatering. Present work demonstrated that GhDRIN1, a novel stress tolerance gene of cotton, positively regulates the response to biotic and abiotic stresses in transgenic tobacco. 相似文献
74.
Transgenic rice expressing a codon-modified synthetic CP4-EPSPS confers tolerance to broad-spectrum herbicide,glyphosate 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
75.
Redox activation of Ref-1 potentiates cell survival following myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury
A recent study showed that cardiac adaptation could potentiate translocation of thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) into the nucleus, which then interacted with Ref-1, resulting in a survival signal. Here, we present evidence that such adaptation also causes nuclear translocation of Ref-1, which is almost completely inhibited when the hearts were pretreated with antisense Ref-1 that also abolished the cardioprotective adaptive response. Significant amounts of NFkappaB and Nrf2 were found to be associated with Ref-1 when the nuclear extract obtained from the left ventricle was immunoprecipitated with Ref-1. Such Ref-1-NFkappaB and Ref-1-Nrf2 interactions were significantly inhibited with antisense Ref-1. However, immunoprecipitation of nuclear extract with NFkappaB showed that the association of Trx-1 with NFkappaB is increased in the adapted heart, which was again significantly blocked by antisense Ref-1. Nrf2 was also associated with NFkappaB; however, such association appeared to be independent of Ref-1. In contrast, myocardial adaptation to ischemia inhibited the ischemia reperfusion-induced loss of Nrf2 from the nucleus, which was inhibited by antisense Ref-1. The nuclear translocation and activation of Ref-1 appeared to generate a survival signal as evidenced by the increased phosphorylation of Akt that was inhibited with antisense Ref-1. Finally, confocal microscopy confirmed the results of immunoblotting, clearly showing the nuclear translocation of Ref-1 and nuclear 3D colocalization of Ref-1 with NFkappaB in the adapted heart and its inhibition with antisense Ref-1. Our results show that PC potentiates a survival signal through the phosphorylation of Akt by causing nuclear translocation and activation of Ref-1, where significant interaction among NFkappaB and Ref-1, Trx-1, and Nrf2 appears to regulate Ref-1-induced survival signal. 相似文献
76.
Gurusamy Hariharasudhan Seo-Yeon Jeong Min-Ji Kim Sung Mi Jung Gwanwoo Seo Ju-Ran Moon Sumi Lee In-Youb Chang Younghoon Kee Ho
Jin You Jung-Hee Lee 《Nucleic acids research》2022,50(3):1501
Homologous recombination (HR) is critical for error-free repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Chromatin loading of RAD51, a key protein that mediates the recombination, is a crucial step in the execution of the HR repair. Here, we present evidence that SUMOylation of RAD51 is crucial for the RAD51 recruitment to chromatin and HR repair. We found that topoisomerase 1-binding arginine/serine-rich protein (TOPORS) induces the SUMOylation of RAD51 at lysine residues 57 and 70 in response to DNA damaging agents. The SUMOylation was facilitated by an ATM-induced phosphorylation of TOPORS at threonine 515 upon DNA damage. Knockdown of TOPORS or expression of SUMOylation-deficient RAD51 mutants caused reduction in supporting normal RAD51 functions during the HR repair, suggesting the physiological importance of the modification. We found that the SUMOylation-deficient RAD51 reduces the association with its crucial binding partner BRCA2, explaining its deficiency in supporting the HR repair. These findings altogether demonstrate a crucial role for TOPORS-mediated RAD51 SUMOylation in promoting HR repair and genomic maintenance. 相似文献
77.
78.
Cerebrovascular protection by various nitric oxide donors in rats after experimental stroke. 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Mushfiquddin Khan Manu Jatana Chinnasamy Elango Ajaib Singh Paintlia Avtar K Singh Inderjit Singh 《Nitric oxide》2006,15(2):114-124
The efficacy of nitric oxide (NO) treatment in ischemic stroke, though well recognized, is yet to be tested in clinic. NO donors used to treat ischemic injury are structurally diverse compounds. We have shown that treatment of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) protects the brain against injury and inflammation in rats after experimental stroke [M. Khan, B. Sekhon, S. Giri, M. Jatana, A. G. Gilg, K. Ayasolla, C. Elango, A. K. Singh, I. Singh, S-Nitrosoglutathione reduces inflammation and protects brain against focal cerebral ischemia in a rat model of experimental stroke, J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 25 (2005) 177-192.]. In this study, we tested structurally different NO donors including GSNO, S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine (SNAP), sodium nitroprusside (SNP), methylamine hexamethylene methylamine NONOate (MAHMA), propylamine propylamine NONOate (PAPA), 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) and compared their neuroprotective efficacy and antioxidant property in rats after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). GSNO, in addition to neuroprotection, decreased nitrotyrosine formation and lipid peroxidation in blood and increased the ratio of reduced versus oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) in brain as compared to untreated animals. GSNO also prevented the I/R-induced increase in mRNA expression of ICAM-1 and E-Selectin. SNAP and SNP extended limited neuroprotection, reduced nitrotyrosine formation in blood and blocked increase in mRNA expression of ICAM-1 and E-Selectin in brain tissue. PAPA, MAHMA, and SIN-1 neither protected the brain nor reduced oxidative stress. We conclude that neuroprotective action of NO donors in experimental stroke depends on their ability to reduce oxidative stress both in brain and blood. 相似文献
79.
Dianthus superbus var. longicalycinus is an economically important traditional Chinese medicinal plant that is also used for ornamental purposes. In this study, D. superbus was compared to its closely related family of Caryophyllaceae chloroplast (cp) genomes such as Lychnis chalcedonica and Spinacia oleracea. D. superbus had the longest large single copy (LSC) region (82,805 bp), with some variations in the inverted repeat region A (IRA)/LSC regions. The IRs underwent both expansion and constriction during evolution of the Caryophyllaceae family; however, intense variations were not identified. The pseudogene ribosomal protein subunit S19 (rps19) was identified at the IRA/LSC junction, but was not present in the cp genome of other Caryophyllaceae family members. The translation initiation factor IF-1 (infA) and ribosomal protein subunit L23 (rpl23) genes were absent from the Dianthus cp genome. When the cp genome of Dianthus was compared with 31 other angiosperm lineages, the infA gene was found to have been lost in most members of rosids, solanales of asterids and Lychnis of Caryophyllales, whereas rpl23 gene loss or pseudogization had occurred exclusively in Caryophyllales. Nevertheless, the cp genome of Dianthus and Spinacia has two introns in the proteolytic subunit of ATP-dependent protease (clpP) gene, but Lychnis has lost introns from the clpP gene. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis of individual protein-coding genes infA and rpl23 revealed that gene loss or pseudogenization occurred independently in the cp genome of Dianthus. Molecular phylogenetic analysis also demonstrated a sister relationship between Dianthus and Lychnis based on 78 protein-coding sequences. The results presented herein will contribute to studies of the evolution, molecular biology and genetic engineering of the medicinal and ornamental plant, D. superbus var. longicalycinus. 相似文献
80.
BACKGROUND: There are conflicting reports about the levels of trace elements in secondary liver cancers. This review summarises the evidence associating secondary liver tumours with trace elements. METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL databases were searched for the period up to January 2006 using a formal search strategy. Various inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to select the articles for inclusion. Data extraction was performed using a custom designed data extraction form. RESULTS: A total of 6917 references were identified. About 1359 duplicates were excluded using EndNote. About 5529 clearly irrelevant references were excluded through reading titles and abstracts. Of these 24 references were excluded by applying the exclusion criteria. Five studies including 239 patients and measuring iron content (2), copper content (4) and zinc (3) qualified for the review. Both studies on iron, three studies on copper and all the studies on zinc used quantitative methods to determine mineral content. A meta-analysis was performed using the random effects model. CONCLUSION: Copper and zinc content are lower in secondary liver cancer compared to livers from healthy patients. Iron, copper and zinc content are lower in liver secondaries compared to the normal tissues surrounding the secondaries. Reasons and implications for the trace element alterations should be further investigated. 相似文献