高血压病的复合超声心动图研究

现常用于检测高血压病的彩色、脉冲多普勒及二维、M型超声心动图几种方法,各有其优点与不足。本文利用其各自的优点,运用上述复合超声心动图法检测96例高血压病患者及86例正常人,进行了分析研究。认为,此法检诊高血压病是实用、可行的。     

Marker-Assisted Introgression of Quantitative Trait Loci

The use of molecular markers for the introgression of one or several superior QTL alleles into a recipient line is investigated using analytic and simulation results. The positions of the markers devoted to the control of the genotype at the QTLs in a ``foreground selection' step are optimized given the confidence interval of the QTL position. Results demonstrate that using at least three markers per QTL allows a good control over several generations. Population sizes that should be recommended for various numbers of QTLs are calculated and are used to determine the limit in the number of QTLs that can be monitored simultaneously. If ``background selection' devoted to accelerate the return to the recipient parent genotype outside the QTL regions is applied, the positions of the markers devoted to the control of the QTLs have to be reconsidered. When several QTLs are monitored simultaneously, background selection among the limited number of individuals resulting from the foreground selection step accelerates the increase in genomic similarity with the recipient parent, with only limited costs. Background selection is even more efficient in a pyramidal backcross program where QTLs are first monitored one by one.     

虎耳草科落新妇族的研究

本文探讨了落新妇族Trib．Astilbeae的系统发育和地理分布。依据进化论、被子植物性状演化总趋势和外类群比较,确认了该族及其外类群Penthorum的重要性状(染色体基数,花粉纹饰,胎座式,心皮、雄蕊、花瓣和萼片数目,萼片脉型,叶型)的极性。采用徐克学(1989)最大同步法做了分支分析,推导出了该族的系统树图。系统树图表明：Rodgersia和Astilboides是一单系类群,而Astilbe为其姊妹群; Rodgersia较Astilbe进化,Astilboides则居二者之间;Penthorum是落新妇族的姊妹群,且与之有共同祖先。迄今为止,已知落新妇族共有24种和13变种(原变种除外)。分布于Takhtajan(1986)的东亚区、大西洋-北美区、伊朗-土兰区和马来西亚区。在东亚区,日本、朝鲜和中国(吉林-辽宁东部)有3属、17种和变种,占该族种与变种总数的45．9％,其中,含有不同演化水平的类群和该族原始种有Astilbe platyphylla,A.simplicifolia和Rodgersia podophylla,此地区是该族的起源中心、现代分布中心和分化中心。 横断山地区有2属、11种和变种,占29．7％,是另一现代分布中心。本族较进化的种Astilbe biternata、A. indica、A.khasiana和Rodgersia nepalensis等,均出现于远离起源中心地区。据此推断,本族植物的散布路线可能是从日本、朝鲜和中国(吉林-辽宁东部)向北通过东西伯利亚和白令陆桥,继而向东南进入北美东南部;向南经中国南部至菲律宾和爪哇,向西南越秦岭-大巴山山地、横断山,入喜马拉雅。落新妇属 Astilbe和鬼灯檠属Rodgersia均分布于亚洲大陆和日本岛屿,而日本于晚第三纪以来,即与亚洲大陆分离,故落新妇属和鬼灯檠属的形成,当在日本与亚洲大陆分离之前。据此推知,落新妇族的起源时间可能在早第三纪,或可追溯至晚白垩纪。     

Conformational studies on substance P. C-terminal pentapeptide pGlu-Phe-Phe-Gly-Leu-Met NH2

The conformational behavior of the active C-terminal pentapeptide of substance P(SP), pGlu-Phe-Phe-Gly-Leu-Met NH₂ [pGlu-SP(7–11)] was investigated using empirical energy calculations. A sequential approach was used to display the specific contribution of each residue to induce stable conformations of the whole pentapeptide. The most stable conformations include the α_R helix and some partially helical structures; some conformations with glycyl residue in a C₇^eq and C₇^ax configurations (γ and $\text{γ}$ turns) are also favoured. Helical conformations provide a good accessibility of side-chains which play an important role in interacting with the receptor. Fully extended structures and β turns are not specially stable. Such helical stable structures would favour a “lock and key” model of binding.     

急性病毒性肝炎的发病率慢性肝炎患病率和肝病死亡率的研究

1984～1987年,在黑龙江、河北、河南、湖南、上海五个省市城乡10.08855人口中进行急性肝炎发病率、慢性肝炎患病率、与病毒性肝炎有关的肝病死亡率的研究。急性肝炎标化发病率为152.19/10万,主要发生在20～50岁组人群;因无甲肝暴发流行,除上海外各点季节发病率分布均衡。慢性肝炎标化患病率为158.25/10万(诊断标准为6个月前有明确急性肝炎病史,现有明显的临床症状或体征,肝功能异常,故实际慢肝患病率要高于此数字);与病毒性肝炎有关的肝病死亡(包括肝癌)标化率为22.65/10万,其中肝病为 13.14/10万。男性死亡率显著高于女性。     

四川省自贡市幼儿园3至5岁儿童乙型肝炎病毒感染情况及影响因素

为了解四川省自贡地区3～5岁幼儿乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染情况,并探索与感染有关的因素,1985年调查了1167名幼儿,其HBV总感染率为41.13％,HBsAg阳性率12.68％。幼儿的HBV感染与母亲HBsAg阳性密切相关。共检查母亲409例,38例HBsAg阳性,其幼儿HBsAg阳性率为50％(19/38),HBsAg阴性的母亲371例,其幼儿HBsAg阳性率9.97％(37/371),来自HBsAg阳性母亲的阳性子女占33.3％(19/56)。1986年随访HBV易感幼儿448例,HBV年感染率为12.95％(58/448),HBsAg年阳转率3.79％。HBV年感染率与原幼儿班级HBsAg阳性率的高低有关。     

广西地区脑血管病城乡抽样对比分析

本文着重分析了广西城市和农村脑血管病发病情况的差异。我们发现城市CVD发病率、患病率明显高于农村,但是农村CVD的死亡率高于城市,其中我们对其原因作了初步的探讨。     

显微高速摄影技术及其在血液微流变学研究中的应用

本文选用金黄地鼠的微血管,利用显微高速摄影技术,放大微观流场和血细胞,连续地“冻结”短瞬间的变化状态,把物理图象呈现在胶片上,经图像分析和数据处理,从定性及定量方面研究血液微流变学,为生命科学和医学研究提供了又一种新的方法。