红毛五加叶的三萜皂甙

红毛五加（ＡｃａｎｔｈｏｐａｎａｘｇｉｒａｌｄｉｉＨａｒｍｓ）系五加科五加属植物,分布于河北、河南、四川、陕西、甘肃等省,有祛风湿、通关节、强筋骨、治痿痹等功效［１］。其化学成分未见报道。本文报道红毛五加叶的５个三萜皂甙（甙Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ）的分离鉴定。它们均首次从该属植物发现,其结构如下：　　　　　　　　　　　　　Ｒ１　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Ｒ２　　　　　　　　Ⅰ　ｒｈａｍ－（１→２）－ａｒａ　　　　　Ｈ　　　　　　　Ⅱ　Ｈ　　　ｒｈａｍ－（１→４）－ｇｌｃ－（１→６）－ｇｌｃ　　　　　…     

河西走廊不同生态型芦苇核酸代谢季节动态研究

分布在甘肃河西走廊的４ 种生态型芦苇（Ｐｈｒａｇｍ ｉｔｅｓｃｏｍ ｍ ｕｎｉｓＴｒｉｎ．）的核酸代谢季节变化有差异。盐化草甸芦苇ＲＮＡ 含量持续增加,ＤＮＡ 含量相对稳定,其它３ 种生态型芦苇的ＲＮＡ 和ＤＮＡ 含量以５月份为最高。过渡带芦苇的ＲＮＡ 含量、沼泽芦苇及沙丘芦苇的ＤＮＡ含量９ 月份略有增高。盐化草甸芦苇与过渡带芦苇的ＤＮａｓｅ和ＲＮａｓｅ的活性７ 月份最高,沼泽芦苇与沙丘芦苇的ＤＮａｓｅ和ＲＮａｓｅ活性５—９ 月份呈增高趋势。盐化草甸芦苇的ＤＮＡ 和ＲＮＡ 合成活性不断升高,过渡带芦苇和沼泽芦苇的ＤＮＡ 和ＲＮＡ 合成活性及沙丘芦苇的ＲＮＡ 合成活性５—９月份均降低,仅沙丘芦苇的ＤＮＡ合成活性增强。ＲＮＡ 聚丙烯酰胺梯度凝胶电泳分析结果表明,４ 种生态型芦苇均含有２５Ｓ、２３Ｓ、１８Ｓ、１６Ｓ大分子量ｒＲＮＡ 和小分子量５．８Ｓ、５Ｓ、４．５ＳｒＲＮＡ 及４ＳｔＲＮＡ。大分子量ＲＮＡ 的含量高于小分子量ＲＮＡ 含量。不同生态型及同一生态型芦苇的不同发育时期,相同的ＲＮＡ 组分含量各不相同。且发育过程中２３Ｓ、１８Ｓ、１６ＳｒＲＮＡ 在不同月份发生不同程度的降解。由此,我们认为,核酸代谢的差异性是４ 种生态型由生长转入衰     

三褶脉紫菀中的新二萜甙

三褶脉紫菀（ＡｓｔｅｒａｇｅｒａｔｏｉｄｅｓＴｕｒｃｚ．）系菊科多年生草本植物,遍布全国,是民间常用的中药,有清热解毒、祛痰镇咳的功效［１,２］。化学工作者们曾从其同属植物紫菀（ＡｓｔｅｒｔａｒａｒｉｃｕｓＬ．ｆ．）中分离到紫菀酮（ｓｈｉｏｎｏｎｅ）、槲皮素（ｑｕｅｒｃｅｔｉｎ）、无羁萜（ｆｒｉｅｄｅｌｉｎ）、表无羁萜（ｅｐｉｆｒｉｅｄｅｌｉｎｅｌ）、毛叶醇（ｌａｃｈｎｏｐｈｙｌｌｏｌ）、乙酸毛叶酯（ｌａｃｈｎｏｐｈｙｌｌｏｌａｃｅｔａｔｅ）、茴香醚（ａｎｅｔｈｏｌｅ）以及紫菀三萜皂甙［２—４］…     

人脑髓鞘碱性蛋白cDNA体外扩增、克隆和鉴定

采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)从人脑cDNA文库中扩增出600bp的髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)cDNA片段,与载体pGEM-3Zf(+)平端连接.重组质粒DNA转化宿主菌JM109,在含X-gal和IPTG的平板上直接筛选阳性克隆.限制性内切酶分析和成套引物扩增鉴定证明,该克隆含有7个外显子的21.5kD人脑MBP全长编码序列.     

不同性别黄鳝六种组织中LDH同工酶电泳谱的初步研究

本文报告了运用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶圆盘电泳研究不同性别黄鳝的血清、心肌、骨骼肌、肝、肾和生殖腺等六种组织器官中ＬＤＨ同工酶。结果表明六种不同组织中ＬＤＨ同工酶谱各不相同,具有明显的组织特异性。在不同性别中某些同一种组织的ＬＤＨ同工酶谱也发生变化,这说明决定黄鳝ＬＤＨ同工酶表达的因素在不同性别中有差异。     

籼,粳稻及其杂种粗线期的核型分析

研究了典型籼,粳稻及其杂种粗线期的核型,结果表明：（１）籼稻品种南特号具有两对随体染色体,分别为第十和第十二染色体,粳稻品种巴利拉具１对随体染色体,为第十染色体,杂种南特号／巴利拉的随体染色体与南特号相同;（２）在粗线期,两品种均可见单核仁和双核仁的细胞存在,说明细胞贩核仁数目与随体数目并不对应;（３）两品种的对应染色体之间,在染色体相对长度,臂比及染色粒分布上均无明显差异。     

流行性出血热免疫球蛋白的研制

本文首次报告采用纯化灭活流行性出血热（ＥＨＦ）Ⅰ型疫苗免疫健康献血员,采集ＥＨＦ抗体高滴度的血浆,用低温乙醇法及盐析法分离纯化三批ＥＨＦ免疫球蛋白。结果表明：（１）采用０,１,３,４（月）或０,１,４,５（月）免疫程序,疫苗剂量１～２ｍｌ（０．１５～０．３０ｍｇ蛋白）,受免献血员血清平均抗体滴度可达１∶４０６（ＥＬＩＳＡ）或１∶１１２（ＲＰＨＩ）。（２）通过生化检定,三批制品的电泳纯度为９７．０５％,９６．８４％,９９．２６％;ＩｇＧ单体和二聚体含量为８９．５５％,９１．３０％和９８．２１％。（３）用空斑抑制中和试验及免疫印染试验证明所纯化的免疫球蛋白具有抗ＥＨＦ病毒特异性。（４）三批ＥＨＦ免疫球蛋白的效价测定,结果为ＥＬＩＳＡ滴度≥１∶５１２,ＲＰＨＩ滴度≥１∶１０２４,ＰＲＮＴ（中和抗体）滴度１∶４０。按１６％蛋白计,ＥＨＦ免疫球蛋白的效价可达原料血浆的１０倍以上。（５）无菌、安全、毒性及热原质试验检定结果,全部通过《中国生物制品规程》要求。     

自由基与软骨基质胶原蛋白类型改变

本文利用ＳＤＳ－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法,定量研究了体外培养的软骨细胞和软骨组织基质中Ⅱ型胶原蛋白的含量。结果表明氧自由基（·Ｏ－２和·ＯＨ）和具有自由基性质的物质（黄腐酸,镰刀菌毒素）可使软骨细胞合成,分泌异常的非Ⅱ型的胶原蛋白,同时,硒化合物可明显地抑制此种效应。     

Identification and characterization of glucocorticoid receptors in liver of nude mice

Glucocorticoids regulate the expression of many liver-specific genes via glucocorticoid receptors. The presence of glucocorticoid receptors in liver has been reported in many mammalian species but not in nude mice. In the present study, we demonstrate the presence of specific glucocorticoid receptors in nude mouse liver. The binding of ligands to these receptors could be completely inhibited by RU486, and partially blocked by hydrocortisone and progesterone, whereas estrogen and testosterone had no effect. Hydrocortisone down-regulated the level of glucocorticoid receptors in livers of nude mice and correspondingly enhanced the activities of tyrosine aminotransferase and -glutamyltransferase. Our results indicate that glucocorticoid receptors in nude mouse liver are specific, fully functional, and present at levels 28.5-fold higher than in the liver of normal inbred mice. We suggest that the nude mouse is a valuable model for studies of hepatic glucocorticoid action and may provide a clue to a putative hepatic-thymic interaction.     

Direct interaction of v-Src with the focal adhesion kinase mediated by the Src SH2 domain.

The recently described focal adhesion kinase (FAK) has been implicated in signal transduction pathways initiated by cell adhesion receptor integrins and by neuropeptide growth factors. To examine the mechanisms by which FAK relays signals from the membrane to the cell interior, we carried out a series of experiments to detect potential FAK interactions with proteins containing Src homology 2 (SH2) domains that are important intracellular signaling molecules. Using v-Src-transformed NIH3T3 cells, we showed that FAK was present in the immune-complex precipitated by anti-Src antibody, suggesting potential interaction of FAK with v-Src in vivo. We also showed potentially direct interaction of FAK with v-Src in vivo using the yeast two-hybrid system. Using recombinant FAK expressed in insect cells and bacterial fusion proteins containing Src SH2 domains, we showed direct binding of FAK to the Src SH2 domain but not to the SH3 domain in vitro. A kinase-defective mutant of FAK, which is not autophosphorylated, did not interact with the Src SH2 domain under the same conditions, suggesting the involvement of the FAK autophosphorylation sites. Treatment of FAK with a protein-tyrosine phosphatase decreased its binding to the Src SH2 domain, whereas autophosphorylation in vitro increased its binding. These results confirm the importance of FAK autophosphorylation sites in its interaction with SH2 domain-containing proteins. Taken together, these results suggest that FAK may mediate signal transduction events initiated on the cell surface by kinase activation and autophosphorylation that result in its binding to other key intracellular signaling molecules.