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102.
Arvanitis Nikolaos Kotzamanidis Charalambos Z. Skaracis George N. Karagouni Amalia D. 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2004,20(3):291-296
The antimicrobial activities of five commercial disinfectants containing quaternary ammonium compound-isopropanol (D1), sodium
methyl dithiocarbamate (D2), sodium thiocarbamate (D3), sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate (D4) and formaldehyde (D5) were studied
against three main saccharolytic indigenous isolates (Bacillus cereus, Lactobacillus plantarum and Leuconostoc mesenteroides) from a beet sugar extraction line. Preliminary studies suggested that although all the disinfectants were effective against
those isolates, the high economic cost in combination with large amounts of the disinfectants D2, D3 and D4 weaken their possibility
for industrial use. Therefore, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the other two examined disinfectants D1 and D5
was determined and survivor curves were obtained, for a period of 7 days. Bacterial counts against time (h) suggested that
D1 was more effective than D5 against the microbial population. In particular, D1 was bacteriolytic above 7 mg/l for B. cereus and bactericidal above 80 mg/l for Lc. mesenteroides and above 100 mg/l for L. plantarum. The disinfectant D5 was bacteriolytic above 25 mg/l for B. cereus and bactericidal above 500 mg/l for Lc. mesenteroides and L. plantarum. Taking into consideration both features, i.e. high concentration and very low cost, the use of D5 (formaldehyde) appeared
more suitable to the concerned beet sugar processor.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
103.
The dissection of the circadian clock into its molecular components represents the most striking and well-studied example of a gene regulatory network underlying a complex behavioural trait. By contrast, the evolutionary analysis of the clock has developed more slowly. Here we review studies that have surveyed intraspecific clock gene variation over large geographical areas and have discovered latitudinal clines in gene frequencies. Such spatial patterns traditionally suggest that natural selection shapes genetic variation, but it is equally possible that population history, or a mixture of demography and selection, could contribute to the clines. We discuss how population genetics, together with functional assays, can illuminate these possible cases of natural selection in Drosophila clock genes. 相似文献
104.
Sofia M Billinis C Psychas V Birtsas P Sofianidis G Leontides L Knowles N Spyrou V 《Journal of wildlife diseases》2008,44(4):864-870
In 2002, postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) was diagnosed in a European female wild boar (Sus scrofa), based on the detection of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) DNA in various organs, including the uterus, and on histopathologic lesions. This is the first detection of PCV2 DNA in the uterus of a wild boar. Three years later (2005), a wild boar < 6-8 mo of age was found moribund. It presented wasting and dyspnea and finally died. PCV2 DNA was detected in tissue samples, and histopathologic lesions consistent with PMWS were observed. Both wild boars were from neighboring hunting areas in central Greece. Two PCV2 strains from the wild boars were genetically characterized and compared to other reported PCV2 sequences from wild boars and domestic pigs. The PCV-2 sequences from the wild boars in this study were closely related to each other and were grouped with two isolates from wild boars from Hungary. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the virus might be transmitted between hunting areas. In addition, PCV2 may spread from domestic pigs to wild boars and vice versa. 相似文献
105.
Androniki Nirgianaki Gina K. Banks Donald R. Frohlich Zoe Veneti Henk R. Braig Thomas A. Miller Ian D. Bedford Peter G. Markham Charalambos Savakis Kostas Bourtzis 《Current microbiology》2003,47(2):0093-0101
We report the first systematic survey for the presence of Wolbachia endosymbionts in aphids and whiteflies, particularly different populations and biotypes of Bemisia tabaci. Additional agriculturally important species included were predator species, leafhoppers, and lepidopterans. We used a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based detection assay with ribosomal 16S rDNA and Wolbachia cell surface protein (wsp) gene primers. Wolbachia were detected in a number of whitefly populations and species, whitefly predators, and one leafhopper species; however, none of the aphid species tested were found infected. Single, double, and triple infections were detected in some of the B. tabaci populations. PCR and phylogenetic analysis of wsp gene sequences indicated that all Wolbachia strains found belong to group B. Topologies of the optimal tree derived by maximum likelihood (ML) and a ML tree in which Wolbachia sequences from B. tabaci are constrained to be monophyletic are significantly different. Our results indicate that there have been at least four independent Wolbachia infection events in B. tabaci. The importance of the presence of Wolbachia infections in B. tabaci is discussed. RID= ID= <E5>Correspondence to: </E5>K. Bourtzis; <E5>email:</E5> kbourtz@cc.uoi.gr Received: 9 September 2002 / Accepted: 25 September 2002 相似文献
106.
Circadian rhythm entrainment in flies and mammals 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Circadian rhythms are a fundamental adaptation of living cells to the daily and seasonal fluctuation in light and temperature. Circadian oscillations persist in constant conditions; however, they are also phase-adjusted (entrained) by day-night cycles. It is this entrainability that provides for the proper phasing of the program, to the sequence of external changes that it has evolved to exploit. Synchronization of circadian oscillators with the outside world is achieved because light, temperature, or other external temporal cues, have acute effects on the levels of one or more of the clock's components. The consequences are ripples through the interconnected molecular loops, leading to a stable phase realignment of the endogenous rhythm generator and the external conditions. This review summarized the evolving knowledge of the different types, modes, and molecular processes of entrainment in flies and mammals. 相似文献
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108.
SURF-6 is a bona fide nucleolar protein comprising an evolutionary conserved family that extends from human to yeast. The
expression of the mammalian SURF-6 has been recently found to be regulated during the cell cycle. In order to determine the
importance of SURF-6 in mammalian cells, we applied the Tet-On system to regulate conditionally, in response to tetracycline,
the expression of an antisense RNA (asRNA) that targets Surf-6 mRNA in mouse NIH/3T3 cells. Induced Surf-6 asRNA caused an effective depletion of SURF-6 protein resulted in cell death and in an apparent arrest in the G1 phase of
the cell cycle. These results provide for the first time evidence that expression of SURF-6 is essential for mammalian cell
viability, and suggest that SURF-6 might participate in the progression of cell cycle. 相似文献
109.
Christos Hadjichristodoulou Spyros Pournaras Maria Mavrouli Andriani Marka Persefoni Tserkezou Agoritsa Baka Charalambos Billinis Antonios Katsioulis Anna Psaroulaki Anna Papa Nikos Papadopoulos Zissis Mamuris Athanasios Tsakris Jenny Kremastinou MALWEST Project 《PloS one》2015,10(11)
Cases of West Nile Virus (WNV) disease were recorded for three consecutive years in Greece following the year 2010 outbreak. A cross-sectional serologic survey was conducted to estimate the WNV seroprevalence and assess the ratio of infection to neuroinvasive disease. A stratified left-over sampling methodology was used including age and residence strata. A total of 3,962 serum samples was collected and tested for WNV Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies by Enzyme–Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). All positive samples were further tested by Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT) and WNV Immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies. WNV IgG antibodies were detected in 82 samples and 61 were also positive in PRNT representing a weighted seroprevalence of 2.1% (95% C.I.: 1.7–2.6) and 1.5% (95% C.I.: 1.2–2.0), respectively. Multivariable analysis showed that seroprevalence was associated with age and residence. The overall ratio of neuroinvasive disease to infected persons was estimated at 1:376 (95% C.I.: 1:421–1:338), while the elderly people had the highest ratio. This nationwide study provided valuable data regarding the epidemiology of WNV in Greece based on the fact that elderly people have higher risk of being both infected and having severe disease. 相似文献
110.
Panagiotis Stathopoulos Serafim Papas Charalambos Pappas Vassilios Mousis Nisar Sayyad Vassiliki Theodorou Andreas G. Tzakos Vassilios Tsikaris 《Amino acids》2013,44(5):1357-1363
Alkylation of sensitive amino acids during synthesis of biologically important peptides is a common and well-documented problem in Fmoc-based strategy. Herein, we probed for the first time an unexpected S-alkylation of Cys-containing peptides that occur during the final TFA cleavage of peptides from the Wang solid support. Through a battery of approaches (NMR, UV and LC–MS) the formed by-product was assigned as the alkylation of the cysteine sulfydryl group by the p-hydroxyl benzyl group derived from the acidic Wang linker decomposition. Factors affecting this side reaction were monitored and a protocol that minimizes the presence of the by-product is reported. 相似文献