全文获取类型
收费全文 | 187篇 |
免费 | 9篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 3篇 |
2020年 | 1篇 |
2019年 | 1篇 |
2018年 | 5篇 |
2017年 | 5篇 |
2016年 | 3篇 |
2015年 | 9篇 |
2014年 | 11篇 |
2013年 | 15篇 |
2012年 | 21篇 |
2011年 | 17篇 |
2010年 | 4篇 |
2009年 | 11篇 |
2008年 | 10篇 |
2007年 | 9篇 |
2006年 | 20篇 |
2005年 | 9篇 |
2004年 | 8篇 |
2003年 | 14篇 |
2002年 | 6篇 |
2001年 | 1篇 |
2000年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1964年 | 1篇 |
1960年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有196条查询结果,搜索用时 218 毫秒
81.
Kotzamanidis C Chatzopoulos D Michailidis C Papaiakovou G Patikas D 《Journal of strength and conditioning research / National Strength & Conditioning Association》2005,19(2):369-375
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a combined heavy-resistance and running-speed training program performed in the same training session on strength, running velocity (RV), and vertical-jump performance (VJ) of soccer players. Thirty-five individuals were divided into 3 groups. The first group (n = 12, COM group) performed a combined resistance and speed training program at the same training session, and the second one (n = 11, STR group) performed the same resistance training without speed training. The third group was the control group (n = 12, CON group). Three jump tests were used for the evaluation of vertical jump performance: squat jump, countermovement jump, and drop jump. The 30-m dash and 1 repetition maximum (1RM) tests were used for running speed and strength evaluation, respectively. After training, both experimental groups significantly improved their 1RM of all tested exercises. Furthermore, the COM group performed significantly better than the STR and the CON groups in the 30-m dash, squat jump, and countermovement jump. It is concluded that the combined resistance and running-speed program provides better results than the conventional resistance training, regarding the power performance of soccer players. 相似文献
82.
83.
84.
Constantina A. Sarri Maria Markantoni Costas Stamatis Anna Papa Athanasios Tsakris Danai Pervanidou Agoritsa Baka Constantina Politis Charalambos Billinis Christos Hadjichristodoulou Zissis Mamuris MALWEST project 《PloS one》2016,11(11)
WNV is a zoonotic neurotropic flavivirus that has recently emerged globally as a significant cause of viral encephalitis. The last five years, 624 incidents of WNV infection have been reported in Greece. The risk for severe WNV disease increases among immunosuppressed individuals implying thus the contribution of the MHC locus to the control of WNV infection. In order to investigate a possible association of MHC class II genes, especially HLA-DPA1, HLA-DQA1, HLA-DRB1, we examined 105 WNV patients, including 68 cases with neuroinvasive disease and 37 cases with mild clinical phenotype, collected during the period from 2010 to2013, and 100 control individuals selected form the Greek population. Typing was performed for exon 2 for all three genes. DQA1*01:01 was considered to be "protective" against WNV infection (25.4% vs 40.1%, P = 0.004) while DQA1*01:02 was associated with increased susceptibility (48.0% vs 32.1%, P = 0.003). Protection against neuroinvasion was associated with the presence of DRB1*11:02 (4.99% vs 0.0%, P = 0.018). DRB1*16:02 was also absent from the control cohort (P = 0.016). Three additional population control groups were used in order to validate our results. No statistically significant association with the disease was found for HLA-DPA alleles. The results of the present study provide some evidence that MHC class II is involved in the response to WNV infection, outlining infection "susceptibility" and "CNS-high-risk" candidates. Furthermore, three new alleles were identified while the frequency of all alleles in the study was compared with worldwide data. The characterization of the MHC locus could help to estimate the risk for severe WNV cases in a country. 相似文献
85.
Charalambos Sigalas 《Biophysical journal》2009,97(7):1907-1916
We have shown that physiological levels of Ca2+-calmodulin (Ca2+CaM; 50-100 nM) activate cardiac ryanodine receptors (RyR2) incorporated into bilayers and increase the frequency of Ca2+ sparks and waves in cardiac cells. In contrast, it is well known that Ca2+CaM inhibits [3H]ryanodine binding to cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum. Since the [3H]ryanodine binding technique does not reflect the effects of Ca2+CaM on RyR2 open probability (Po), we have investigated, using the reversible ryanoid, ryanodol, whether Ca2+CaM can directly influence the binding of ryanoids to single RyR2 channels independently of Po. We demonstrate that Ca2+CaM reduces the rate of ryanodol association to RyR2 without affecting the rate of dissociation. We also find that ryanodol-bound channels fluctuate between at least two distinct subconductance states, M1 and M2, in a voltage-dependent manner. Ca2+CaM significantly alters the equilibrium between these two states. The results suggest that Ca2+CaM binding to RyR2 causes a conformation change to regions of the channel that include the ryanoid binding site, thereby leading to a decrease in ryanoid association rate and modulation of gating within the ryanoid/RyR2 bound state. Our data provide a possible explanation for why the effects of Ca2+CaM at the single-channel level are not mirrored by [3H]ryanodine binding studies. 相似文献
86.
87.
Eleftheriadis T Voyatzi S Antoniadi G Kartsios C Liakopoulos V Paraskevopoulos P Galaktidou G 《Cellular immunology》2006,240(1):62-67
During selection in the thymus or any subsequent response, T-cells recognize peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Peptides produced by lysosomes or by proteasome/immunoproteasome stimulate CD4+ or CD8+ T-cell, respectively. Inflammation alters components of both antigen-processing pathways resulting in the production of different peptides. The role of such changes in self/non-self discrimination was examined in autologous mixed peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures. Stimulator cells were incubated in the presence or absence of INF-gamma, with or without lysosome inhibitors (ammonium chloride/chloroquine), cathepsin inhibitor (E-64), or proteasome/immunoproteasome inhibitor (epoxomicin). Responder cells were added and zeta-chain phosphorylated forms were used as read out. INF-gamma did not affect zeta-chain phosphorylated forms, which means that the expected INF-gamma induced alterations in antigen processing machinery do not influence self/non-self discrimination. Surprisingly, the completely phosphorylated 23-kDa zeta-chain was always present except in the case of epoxomicin, indicating the presence of MHC class I restricted autoreactive CD8+ T-cells but not of MHC class II restricted autoreactive CD4+ T-cells, possibly due to more efficient negative selection in the thymus of the latter. Autoimmunity is prevented due to absence of help by CD4+ T-cells. This conclusion was confirmed by the lack of differences in IL-2 levels in cell culture supernatants, as well as, by the absence of differences in cell proliferation under the various conditions described above. 相似文献
88.
Circadian orchestration of the hepatic proteome 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Reddy AB Karp NA Maywood ES Sage EA Deery M O'Neill JS Wong GK Chesham J Odell M Lilley KS Kyriacou CP Hastings MH 《Current biology : CB》2006,16(11):1107-1115
89.
Katerina A. Moutou Evagelia A. Koutsogiannouli Costas Stamatis Charalambos Billinis Claudia Kalbe Massimo Scandura Zissis Mamuris 《Immunogenetics》2013,65(3):195-209
The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) is a multigene family of outstanding polymorphism. MHC molecules bind antigenic peptides in the peptide-binding region (PBR) that consists of five binding pockets (P). In this study, we compared the genetic diversity of domestic pigs to that of the modern representatives of their wild ancestors, the wild boar, in two MHC loci, the oligomorphic DQA and the polymorphic DRB1. MHC nucleotide polymorphism was compared with the actual functional polymorphism in the PBR and the binding pockets P1, P4, P6, P7, and P9. The analysis of approximately 200 wild boars collected throughout Europe and 120 domestic pigs from four breeds (three pureblood, Pietrain, Leicoma, and Landrace, and one mixed Danbred) revealed that wild boars and domestic pigs share the same levels of nucleotide and amino acid polymorphism, allelic richness, and heterozygosity. Domestication did not appear to act as a bottleneck that would narrow MHC diversity. Although the pattern of polymorphism was uniform between the two loci, the magnitude of polymorphism was different. For both loci, most of the polymorphism was located in the PBR region and the presence of positive selection was supported by a statistically significant excess of nonsynonymous substitutions over synonymous substitutions in the PBR. P4 and P6 were the most polymorphic binding pockets. Functional polymorphism, i.e., the number and the distribution of pocket variants within and among populations, was significantly narrower than genetic polymorphism, indicative of a hierarchical action of selection pressures on MHC loci. 相似文献
90.
Mirko Pegoraro Shumaila Noreen Supriya Bhutani Avgi Tsolou Ralf Schmid Charalambos P. Kyriacou Eran Tauber 《PloS one》2014,9(1)
Genetic variations in circadian clock genes may serve as molecular adaptations, allowing populations to adapt to local environments. Here, we carried out a survey of genetic variation in Drosophila cryptochrome (cry), the fly’s dedicated circadian photoreceptor. An initial screen of 10 European cry alleles revealed substantial variation, including seven non-synonymous changes. The SNP frequency spectra and the excessive linkage disequilibrium in this locus suggested that this variation is maintained by natural selection. We focused on a non-conservative SNP involving a leucine - histidine replacement (L232H) and found that this polymorphism is common, with both alleles at intermediate frequencies across 27 populations surveyed in Europe, irrespective of latitude. Remarkably, we were able to reproduce this natural observation in the laboratory using replicate population cages where the minor allele frequency was initially set to 10%. Within 20 generations, the two allelic variants converged to approximately equal frequencies. Further experiments using congenic strains, showed that this SNP has a phenotypic impact, with variants showing significantly different eclosion profiles. At the long term, these phase differences in eclosion may contribute to genetic differentiation among individuals, and shape the evolution of wild populations. 相似文献