蔷薇属38个野生种果实的维生素含量及其与分组的关系

对蔷薇属 (Rosa) 38个野生种果实 (以下简称蔷薇果 )的经济性状进行了分析 ,并测定了 VC、VE 和胡萝卜素等重要维生素的含量。蔷薇果 VC 含量在该属种间差异很大 ,以秦岭蔷薇 (R.tsinglingensis)的含量为最高 (2 576mg/ 1 0 0 g) ,德钦蔷薇 (R.deqenensis)的含量为最低 (49mg/ 1 0 0 g)。胡萝卜素含量种间差异明显 ,以软条七蔷薇 (R.henryi)的含量为最高 (1 9.2 4 mg / 1 0 0 g) ,黄刺玫 (R.xanthina)的含量为最低 (0 .0 6 mg/ 1 0 0 g)。 VE 含量种间差异较小 ,在 1 .34 mg/ 1 0 0 g(黄刺玫 )至 3.86 mg/ 1 0 0 g(硕苞蔷薇R.bracteata)之间。对蔷薇亚属 54种野生种果实重要维生素含量的统计分析表明 ,维生素含量与分组具有一定相关性 ,尤以 VC 含量与分组的相关性最为明显 ,桂味组和小叶组 Vc含量很高 (均值都高于 1 80 0mg/ 1 0 0 g) ;合柱组、月季组、木香组和硕苞组含量很低 (均值都在 30 0 mg/ 1 0 0 g以下 ) ,芹叶组除宽刺蔷薇 (R.platyacantha) VC含量很高外 ,其余种类含量都很低 (均值为 1 90 mg/ 1 0 0 g)。胡萝卜素含量与分组也具有一定相关性 ,桂味组、芹叶组、合柱组和硕苞组的胡萝卜素含量较高 ,均值在 6 mg/ 1 0 0 g以上 ;月季组、小叶组和木香组含量较低 ,均值在 0 .4mg/ 1 0 0 g以下。V     

RFLP-based maps of the homoeologous group-6 chromosomes of wheat and their application in the tagging of Pm12, a powdery mildew resistance gene transferred from Aegilops speltoides to wheat

Genetic maps of the homoeologous group-6 chromosomes of bread wheat, Triticum aestivum, have been constructed spanning 103 cM on 6A, 90 cM on 6B and 124 cM on 6D. These maps were transferred to a Chinese Spring (CS) x line #31 cross to locate a dominant powdery mildew resistance gene, Pm12, introgressed into line #31 from Aegilops speltoides. Pm12 was shown to lie on the short arm of translocation chromosome 6BS-6SS.6SL in line #31, but could not be mapped more precisely due to the lack of recombination between the 6S Ae. speltoides segment and chromosome 6B. Possible strategies to reduce the size of the alien segment, which probably encompasses the complete long arm and more than 82% of the short arm of chromosome 6B, are discussed.     

Isolation of the MurineNbr1Gene Adjacent to the MurineBrca1Gene

The humanNBR1cDNA has previously been identified using polyclonal sera to CA125, an ovarian tumor antigen used in monitoring ovarian cancer. The gene was mapped to theBRCA1region on chromosome 17q21 and subsequently found to lie in close proximity to the recently identifiedBRCA1gene. The NBR1 protein has a B-box motif but the function of the protein is as yet unknown. To investigate the function and importance of this gene, we have studied the conservation of this gene in other species and in particular in the mouse. We have isolated murineNbr1cDNA and genomic clones. Translation of the cDNA sequence indicates that the protein is highly conserved, being 89% similar and 84% identical to the human. Analysis of the murineNbr1genomic clones indicates that it maps less than 1 kb from theBrca1gene and that, unlike that in human, this region is not duplicated.     

新疆六个民族指纹白线的调查研究The hand Print of Six Nationalities in Xinjiang

本文首次报道了新家6各民族6134人（南3181人、女2953人）的指纹白线出现频率。结果表明,白线频率女高于男,民族间亦有差异,其中维吾尔、哈萨克、鸟孜别克族频率接近。塔吉克族居住高寒高原地区,属白色人种,频率明显低于以上3个民族,锡伯族和汉族生活习惯近似,且高于以上4个民族,作者认为,白线出现频率的高低与种族、性别、年龄和群体生长环境及生活习惯有关。We’ve studied 6134 individuals (male 3181, fimale 2953) of six nationalities in Xinjiang.The result is that the white line of hand print is associated with rae,sex,age,grow environments of groups and life habbits.The ifference of races is:The appearant rates of white line of Weivuerite,Hasakese and Wuzibese are near,Tajike’s rate is lower than xiboman’s and han are higher than others.     

Phosphorylation of glucose by a guanosine-5′-triphosphate (GTP)-dependent glucokinase in Fibrobacter succinogenes subsp. succinogenes S85

Cell extracts of Fibrobacter succinogenes subsp. succinogenes S85 phosphorylated glucose with a GTP-dependent glucokinase. The enzyme showed little activity with ATP (12% of that with GTP). Of other phosphate donors tested, only dGTP and ITP gave high glucokinase activities. Dialyzed extracts required Mg⁺² and K⁺ for maximal activity. In potassium phosphate buffer, glucokinase showed maximum activity at pH 7.5 with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase as the coupling enzyme. In this assay, glucokinase was active with glucose (100%), 2-deoxy-d-glucose (40%), and mannose (20%). Partially purified glucokinase had a molecular weight of 82,000 and a pl of 4.82. Double-reciprocal plots of substrate concentration versus velocity were linear and the enzyme had apparent K_m values of 55 M for glucose and 72 M for GTP. Dialyzed cell extracts of Fibrobacter intestinalis C1A also contained a GTP-dependent glucokinase that showed little activity with ATP. Potassium also stimulated the activity of this enzyme. These results suggest that this unusual glucokinase may be characteristic of the genus Fibrobacter.Abbreviations CHES cyclohexylaminoethanesulfonic acid - GK glucokinase - PEP phosphoenolpyruvate Published with the approval of the Director of the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station as journal article no. 2186     

Influence of Plumbing Materials on Biofilm Formation and Growth of Legionella pneumophila in Potable Water Systems

A two-stage chemostat model of a plumbing system was developed, with tap water as the sole nutrient source. The model system was populated with a naturally occurring inoculum derived from an outbreak of Legionnaires' disease and containing Legionella pneumophila along with associated bacteria and protozoa. The model system was used to develop biofilms on the surfaces of a range of eight plumbing materials under controlled, reproducible conditions. The materials varied in their abilities to support biofilm development and the growth of L. pneumophila. Elastomeric surfaces had the most abundant biofilms supporting the highest numbers of L. pneumophila CFU; this was attributed to the leaching of nutrients for bacterial growth from the materials. No direct relationship existed between total biofouling and the numbers of L. pneumophila CFU.     

EVOLUTIONARY INTERACTIONS BETWEEN SEXUAL AND ALL-FEMALE TAXA OF CYPRINOTUS (OSTRACODA: CYPRIDIDAE)

Freshwater ostracodes show both an exceptionally high incidence of transitions to unisexuality and, in some cases, an extraordinary level of clonal diversity. There is no understanding of the agents promoting these transitions to thelytoky, although it has been suggested that their frequency may set the stage for sexual taxa to infuse clonal diversity into unisexuals. This study examines the nature and origins of clonal diversity in the unisexual ostracode Cyprinotus incongruens. A combination of allozyme and cytogenetic studies revealed the presence of two diploid clones of this species at three temperate sites and ten clones at one arctic site including three diploids, five triploids, and two tetraploids. The low heterozygosity (0%–20%) of its diploid clones suggests that parthenogenesis has arisen spontaneously in C. incongruens rather than through hybridization, as in vertebrate asexuals. Polyploid clones appear to owe their origin to genome additions from sexual taxa, although subsequent mutational divergence has played a role in further enhancing diversity. Two triploid clones have apparently originated from the incorporation of a haploid genome from the sexually reproducing C. glaucus, as evidenced by their high heterozygosity and possession of alleles otherwise found only in that species. Other polyploid clones have likely arisen as a result of interbreeding between bisexual and unisexual C. incongruens. These results suggest that both the incidence of spontaneous transitions to clonality and the frequency of interbreeding with relatives may be the key processes that govern clonal diversity in unisexual ostracodes.     

RFLP mapping of partially sequenced leaf cDNA clones in maize

We report here the results of mapping a set of 92 leaf cDNA clones in maize. The ends of each of these cDNA clones have previously been partially sequenced, and the sequence comparison has revealed the putative function for 28 clones. It is expected that the RFLP map developed using these expressed sequence tags will be of great importance for future maize genome analysis, such as for PCR-based gene mapping or gene function identification.Contribution from the Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station. Journal Series N. 12,019.