某部官兵野外武装泅渡前后浅部真菌病的调查

目的 了解某部官兵平时和野外武装泅渡时浅部真菌病的发病率及病原真菌分布情况,探讨其发病原因,为采取有效的防治措施提供依据。方法 在野外武装泅渡训练前及野外武装泅渡训练2周后,均对参训官兵进行全面筛查,再取患者浅部真菌感染可能性较大的皮屑,进行真菌学的镜检及培养鉴定。结果 在896名官兵中,平时已有98例存在浅部真菌病,发病率为10．94％。其中足癣56例（57．1％）;股癣30例（36．1％）;体癣12例（12．2％）。武装泅渡时有208例发生浅部真菌病,发病率为23．21％。其中足癣有90例（43．2％）,股癣92例（44．2％）,体癣有26例（12．5％）。致病真菌主要为红色毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌、白念珠菌等。结论 部队野外武装泅渡时参训官兵浅部真菌病的发病率较平时显著上升,可直接影响部队的训练和战斗力。     

两种抗真菌药治疗甲癣成本效果分析

目的：对特比萘芬、氟康唑2种不同抗真菌药物治疗60例甲癣病患者的成本效果分析。方法：选择60例病例,随机分为2组。分别给予特比萘芬、氟康唑治疗,观察各组疗效并运用成本效果法进行分析。结果：2种药物均有较好的抗真菌疗效,特比萘芬疗效优于氟康唑,但氟康唑最具有成本效果。结论：药物经济学分析结果为氟康唑治疗甲癣病较优。     

应用ACGM标记分析禾本科几个物种间的系统发生关系

为了验证水稻基因组数据的通用性,利用ACGM标记分析了禾本科几个不同种属植物的亲缘关系。选用10份材料,它们分别代表禾本科的5个属（Oryza,Zea, Setaria ,Triticum,和Phyllostachys）。根据遗传距离建立了一个聚类树。这5个属的亲缘关系可以简单地表示为：（（Oryza＋（Zea＋Setaria））＋Triticum）＋Phyllostachys。研究结果表明,水稻与玉米或水稻与粟之间的遗传距离比水稻和小麦或水稻与竹子之间的遗传距离近。     

Inter-species comparison of 7-hydroxycoumarin glucuronidation and sulfation in liver S9 fractions

Summary UDP glycosyltransferases (UGTs) and sulfotransferases (SULTs) are phase II enzymes that interact with a number of xenobiotics in humans and animals. Species differences in enzymatic characteristics have seldom been investigated. Liver S9 fractions are commonly used for studying phase II metabolism in vitro. The objective of this study was to characterize the UGT and SULT activities in liver S9 fractions from various species including humans, monkeys, dogs, and rats. A single substrate, 7-hydroxycoumarin (7-HC), at several concentrations was incubated at 37° C with the S9 reaction matrices along with necessary cofactors. The rate of formation of two metabolites, 7-HC-glucuronide (7-HC-G) and 7-K_m and V_mas values were calculated for each species. For the UGTs, the apparent K_m and V_max for 7-HC-G formation varied greatly among different species, with dog UGTs having both the highest K_m and V_max values. In contrast to UGTs, the K_m for 7-HC-S formation showed no significant difference among humans, monkeys, and rats (approximately 3 μM). However, the K_m in dog was 8.7 μM. Species differences with respect to phase II metabolism must be carefully considered when selecting an in vitro model system to study various aspects of drug metabolism.     

内蒙古巴彦乌兰地区始新世哺乳类及相关地层问题

记述了在内蒙古巴彦乌兰地区发现的４种始新世哺乳动物化石,其中包括１个啮齿类新种──Ｍｅｒｇｅｎｏｍｙｓ ｎｅｉｍｏｎｇｏｌｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。新种与在蒙古共和国发现的属型种Ｍ．ｏｒｉｅｎｔａｌｉｓ的不同在于个体大,下臼齿下外脊和下次小尖相对偏于唇侧。新化石的发现以及对岩石地层的分析表明巴彦乌兰剖面上原认为的伊尔丁曼哈组应包含伊尔丁曼哈及沙拉木伦组两个地层单位。     

薏苡种子胚芽鞘细胞的结构

观察了薏苡浸泡种子胚芽鞘的结构。胚芽 外,内表皮薄壁组织及２个侧位的维管束组成。在外表皮两处,观察到径向壁不边原细胞群,它们实际是合胞体。薄壁细胞含丰富的核糖体,内质网小泡和线粒体,说明代谢活动已经活跃。初生纹孔场内有胞间连丝,显示胞间已存在物质的共质运转。     

大蹼铃蟾皮肤分泌液中抗菌活性肽的分离纯化及其性质

通过ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－７５,Ｇ－５０和Ｇ－２５洗脱等步骤,从云南产大蹼铃蟾（Ｂｏｍｂｉｎａｍａｘｉｎａ）皮肤分泌中分离得到了一种有广泛抗菌活性的多肽,被命名为ＭＳＰ－Ⅶ,用快原子轰击质谱（ｆ．ａ．ｂ．ｍ．ｓ）分析其Ｍ＋／Ｚ＝２６４８。即此活性肽的分子量为２６４７Ｄ。用自动氨基酸分析仪分析,含有２６个氨基酸,抗菌实验结果表明,此多肽对格兰氏阴性和格兰氏阳性细胞以及真菌都有较强的抗菌活性,溶血实验表     

三个三倍体鲫鱼品系及野鲫mtDNA的比较研究

用16种限制性内切酶研究了银鲫(3N=156～162)、彭泽鲫(3N=162)和缩骨鲫(3N=150)3个三倍体鲫鱼品系及野鲫(2N=100)的线粒体DNA。有6种酶在种系间和种系内产生限制性片段长度多态性(RFLPs),银鲫共存在4种单倍型,彭泽鲫2种,野鲫3种,缩骨鲫1种。彭泽鲫和银鲫拥有相同的常见单倍型,缩骨鲫的单倍型属于野鲫的常见型。根据限制性位点的变异数据,计算了单倍型间的相似性、核苷酸多样性、品系内核苷酸多样性和品系间的遗传距离,确定彭泽鲫属于银鲫的一个地方品系,缩骨鲫属于野鲫的一个地方品系。根据核苷酸的差异,推算出银鲫和野鲫两个亚种的分化大约在11万年前完成。     

Change of cholinergic transmission and memory deficiency induced by injection of b-amyloid protein into NBM of rats

The change of cholinergic transmission of b-amyloid protein (b-AP) treated rats was studied by intracerebral microdialysis sampling combined with HPLC analysis. b-AP1-40 was injected into nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM). Passive avoidance response test (step-down test) and delayed alternation task were used for memory testing. The impairment of memory after injection of b-AP1-40 into NBM exhibited mainly the deficiency of short-term working memory. One week after injection of b-AP1-40 the release of acetylcholine (ACh) from frontal cortex of freely-moving rats decreased significantly, and the response of cholinergic nerve ending to the action of high [K+] solution was rather weak. In control animals the percentage of increase of ACh- release during behavioral performance was 57%, while in b-AP1-40 - treated rats it was 34%. The temporary in-crease of the ACh-release of the rat put into a new place was also significantly diminished in b-AP1-40 -treated rats. The results show that the injection of b-AP1-40 into NBM impairs the cholinergic transmission in frontal cortex, and the impairment of cholinergic transmission may be the main cause of the deficit of working memory.