Bacteriocin of Pediococcus acidilactici HW01 Inhibits Biofilm Formation and Virulence Factor Production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins - Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a potential source of food contamination that leads to food spoilage and infections as a result of the generation of biofilm and...     

Bacillus subtilis strain L1 promotes nitrate reductase activity in Arabidopsis and elicits enhanced growth performance in Arabidopsis,lettuce, and wheat

Journal of Plant Research - Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a group of bacteria that promote plants growth in the rhizosphere. PGPRs are involved in various mechanisms that...     

Reversion mutation of cDNA CA8-204 minigene construct produces a truncated functional peptide that regulates calcium release in vitro and produces profound analgesia in vivo

Mammalian Genome - Intracellular calcium is critical in orchestrating neuronal excitability and analgesia. Carbonic anhydrase-8 (CA8) regulates intracellular calcium signaling through allosteric...     

Ultra‐high α‐linolenic acid accumulating developmental defective embryo was rescued by lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase 2

For decades, genetic engineering approaches to produce unusual fatty acids (UFAs) in crops has reached a bottleneck, including reduced seed oil production and seed vigor. Currently, plant models in the field of research are primarily used to investigate defects in oil production and seedling development, while the role of UFAs in embryonic developmental defects remains unknown. In this study, we developed a transgenic Arabidopsis plant model, in which the embryo exhibits severely wrinkled appearance owing to α‐linolenic acid (ALA) accumulation. RNA‐sequencing analysis in the defective embryo suggested that brassinosteroid synthesis, FA synthesis and photosynthesis were inhibited, while FA degradation, endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress were activated. Lipidomics analysis showed that ultra‐accumulated ALA is released from phosphatidylcholine as a free FA in cells, inducing severe endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress. Furthermore, we identified that overexpression of lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase 2 rescued the defective phenotype. In the rescue line, the pool capacity of the Kennedy pathway was increased, and the esterification of ALA indirectly to triacylglycerol was enhanced to avoid stress. This study provides a plant model that aids in understanding the molecular mechanism of embryonic developmental defects and generates strategies to produce higher levels of UFAs.     

肝素C5异构酶的表达优化及分子改造

肝素和硫酸乙酰肝素是一类应用于临床抗凝血的糖胺聚糖。肝素葡萄糖醛酸C5异构酶(Heparosan-N-sulfate-glucuronate 5-epimerase,C5,EC 5.1.3.17) 是肝素和硫酸乙酰肝素合成过程中重要的修饰酶,催化N-硫酸化肝素前体 (N-sulfoheparosan) 的D-葡萄糖醛酸 (D-GlcA) 上5号位羧基翻转生成L-艾杜糖醛酸 (L-iduronic acid,L-IdoA)。文中以大肠杆菌Escherichia coli为宿主对斑马鱼来源的肝素葡萄糖醛酸C5异构酶基因Glce进行重组表达优化与分子改造。比较了3种不同的表达载体pET20b(+)、pET28a(+) 和pCold Ⅲ对C5表达的差异情况,其中以嗜冷启动型载体pCold Ⅲ表达酶活最高,达到(1 873.61±5.42) U/L。为了进一步提高C5的可溶表达量,在N端融合促溶标签SET2后,可溶蛋白表达量比对照提高了50%,酶活达到 (2 409.25±6.43) U/L。在此基础上,通过理性设计对底物结合口袋进行定点突变,获得最优突变体 (V153R) 的酶活和比酶活分别为 (5 804.32±5.63) U/L和(145.14±2.33) U/mg,是原始酶的2.41倍和2.28倍。肝素C5异构酶改造与表达优化为酶法催化合成肝素奠定了基础。     

肠激酶在毕赤酵母中的分泌表达优化

肠激酶 (Enterokinase,EK) 是一类特异性识别切割DDDDK序列的丝氨酸蛋白酶,作为一种工具酶广泛应用于生物医药领域。目前,EK在毕赤酵母Pichia pastoris中的表达水平较低,难以应用。本研究比较了6种不同的信号肽SP1、SP2、SP3、SP4、SP7和SP8对毕赤酵母分泌表达EK的影响。在摇瓶水平上,与α-factor信号肽相比,SP1信号肽显著提高了EK的分泌表达 (从6.8 mg/L提高至14.3 mg/L),酶活从 (2 390±212) U/mL提高至 (4 995±378) U/mL。在此基础上,通过共表达毕赤酵母内源蛋白Kex2,EK酶活提高至 (7 219±489) U/mL。另外,N端融合WLR三个氨基酸进一步提高酶活至 (15 145±920) U/mL,比酶活为 (1 174 600±53 100) U/mg。EK在毕赤酵母中的高效分泌表达为未来应用奠定了基础。     

基于油松树轮重建陕西省镇安县165年以来3—4月平均最高气温

采集木王国家森林公园的油松树轮样芯,建立树轮宽度标准化年表(STD),与镇安气象站的气候因子进行相关分析,利用线性回归分析重建了镇安县1853—2017年(165年)3—4月平均最高气温。结果表明: 树轮序列与3—4月平均最高气温相关性最大(r=0.596,n=60,P<0.01)。3—4月平均最高气温重建方程的方差解释量为33.2%,重建方程稳定可靠,结果可信。重建序列中偏暖年份出现25次,偏冷年份出现29次,偏暖年份较多地伴随着洪涝事件,偏冷年份较多地伴随着干旱事件。重建序列存在明显的冷暖变化,存在2个偏冷时期(1902—1917年、1953—2000年)、4个偏暖时期(1868—1892年、1917—1937年、1941—1953年、2001—2012年)。重建序列有明显的2～7、8～15、18～28、75～96、100～125年周期变化特征,其中准113、88、22年的周期变化分别为时段内的第一、第二及第三主周期,这些周期性变化可能与太阳活动、季风和厄尔尼诺-南方涛动的变化存在一定的关系。     

Antimalarial drugs impact chemical messenger secretion by blood platelets

BackgroundAdvances in antimalarial drug development are important for combating malaria. Among the currently identified antimalarial drugs, it is suggested that some interact directly with the malarial parasites while others interact indirectly with the parasites. While this approach leads to parasite elimination, little is known about how these antimalarial drugs impact immune cells that are also critical in malarial response.MethodsHerein, the effects of two common antimalarial drugs, chloroquine and quinine, on platelets were explored at both the bulk level, using high performance liquid chromatography, and the single cell level, using carbon-fiber microelectrode amperometry, to characterize any changes in chemical messenger secretion.ResultsThe data reveal that both drugs cause platelet activation and reduce the number of platelet exocytosis events as well as delay fusion pore opening and closing.ConclusionsThis work demonstrates how chloroquine and quinine quantitatively and qualitatively impact in vitro platelet function.General significanceOverall, the goal of this work is to promote understanding about how antimalarial drugs impact platelets as this may affect antimalarial drug development as well as therapeutic approaches to treat malarial infection.     

Transcriptomic analyses reveal potential mechanisms of premature senescence in hexaploid Populus

Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) - The important role of polyploidy in plant evolution is widely recognized. However, many questions concerning how polyploidy affects the plant...