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11.
Sharma B. K. Kumawat Chandan Makinde O. D. 《Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology》2022,21(3):797-825
Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology - A numerical investigation of MHD blood flow through a stenosed permeable curved artery has been done in this study. Blood flow is considered in... 相似文献
12.
Aditya Sharma Chandan K. Maurya Deepti Arha Amit K. Rai Sushmita Singh Salil Varshney Jonathan D. Schertzer Akhilesh K. Tamrakar 《生物化学与生物物理学报:疾病的分子基础》2019,1865(1):136-146
Chronic inflammation contributes to obesity mediated metabolic disturbances, including insulin resistance. Obesity is associated with altered microbial load in metabolic tissues that can contribute to metabolic inflammation. Different bacterial components such as, LPS, peptidoglycans have been shown to underpin metabolic disturbances through interaction with host innate immune receptors. Activation of Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 (Nod1) with specific peptidoglycan moieties promotes insulin resistance, inflammation and lipolysis in adipocytes. However, it was not clear how Nod1-mediated lipolysis and inflammation is linked. Here, we tested if Nod1-mediated lipolysis caused accumulation of lipid intermediates and promoted cell autonomous inflammation in adipocytes. We showed that Nod1-mediated lipolysis caused accumulation of diacylglycerol (DAG) and activation of PKCδ in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, which was prevented with a Nod1 inhibitor. Nod1-activated PKCδ caused downstream stimulation of IRAK1/4 and was associated with increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, TNFα and MCP-1. Pharmacological inhibition or siRNA mediated knockdown of IRAK1/4 attenuated Nod1-mediated activation of NF-κB, JNK, and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. These results reveal that Nod1-mediated lipolysis promoted accumulation of DAG, which engaged PKCδ and IRAK1/4 to augment inflammation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. 相似文献
13.
Smitha S. Bhat Shashanka K. Prasad Chandan Shivamallu Kollur Shiva Prasad Asad Syed Pruthvish Reddy Charley A. Cull Raghavendra G. Amachawadi 《Current issues in molecular biology》2021,43(3):1502
Genistein is an isoflavonoid present in high quantities in soybeans. Possessing a wide range of bioactives, it is being studied extensively for its tumoricidal effects. Investigations into mechanisms of the anti-cancer activity have revealed many pathways including induction of cell proliferation, suppression of tyrosine kinases, regulation of Hedgehog-Gli1 signaling, modulation of epigenetic activities, seizing of cell cycle and Akt and MEK signaling pathways, among others via which the cancer cell proliferation can be controlled. Notwithstanding, the observed activities have been time- and dose-dependent. In addition, genistein has also shown varying results in women depending on the physiological parameters, such as the early or post-menopausal states. 相似文献
14.
Despite the existence of a preventative vaccine, HBV represents a substantial threat to public health, suggesting the need for research to develop new treatments to combat the disease. The authors review the available in vitro and in vivo models, including recently developed transgenic and chimeric mouse models. 相似文献
15.
This study aims to investigate the effect of the ice nucleation temperature on the primary drying process using an ice fog
technique for temperature-controlled nucleation. In order to facilitate scale up of the freeze-drying process, this research
seeks to find a correlation of the product resistance and the degree of supercooling with the specific surface area of the
product. Freeze-drying experiments were performed using 5% wt/vol solutions of sucrose, dextran, hydroxyethyl starch (HES),
and mannitol. Temperature-controlled nucleation was achieved using the ice fog technique where cold nitrogen gas was introduced
into the chamber to form an “ice fog”, there-by facilitating nucleation of samples at the temperature of interest. Manometric
temperature measurement (MTM) was used during primary drying to evaluate the product resistance as a function of cake thickness.
Specific surface areas (SSA) of the freeze-dried cakes were determined. The ice fog technique was refined to successfully
control the ice nucleation temperature of solutions within 1°C. A significant increase in product resistance was produced
by a decrease in nucleation temperature. The SSA was found to increase with decreasing nucleation temperature, and the product
resistance increased with increasing SSA. The ice fog technique can be refined into a viable method for nucleation temperature
control. The SSA of the product correlates well with the degree of supercooling and with the resistance of the product to
mass transfer (ie, flow of water vapor through the dry layer). Using this correlation and SSA measurements, one could predict
scaleup drying differences and accordingly alter the freeze-drying process so as to bring about equivalence of product temperature
history during lyophilization. 相似文献
16.
Liu J Chakraborty C Graham CH Barbin YP Dixon SJ Lala PK 《Experimental cell research》2003,286(1):138-151
The serine protease urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) promotes matrix degradation by many cell types, including the invasive extravillous trophoblast (EVT) of the human placenta. The noncatalytic amino-terminal end of uPA binds to uPA receptors (uPARs) expressed by these cells. A highly polarized expression of uPAR-bound uPA at the migration front of EVT cells in situ suggests a functional role of uPA:uPAR interaction in EVT cell migration. The present study examined whether uPA stimulates EVT cell migration, independent of proteolytic function, and investigated some of the signaling pathways involved. Using in vitro-propagated EVT cells in Transwell migration assays, both uPA and its noncatalytic amino-terminal fragment (ATF) were shown to stimulate migration through multiporous polycarbonate (pore size 8 microm) membranes. A uPAR-blocking antibody inhibited basal and ATF-stimulated migration. Migration was found to be stimulated by hypoxic conditions, which upregulates uPAR expression; this stimulation was abrogated with the uPAR-blocking antibody, indicating the role of endogenous uPA in EVT cell migration. Spectrofluorometric measurement of cytosolic calcium in cells treated with uPA and ATF demonstrated a rapid rise in [Ca2+](i), which was prevented by pretreatment of cells with thapsigargin, indicating a release from intracellular stores. Both basal and ATF-mediated migratory responses were suppressed in the presence of selective pharmacological inhibitors LY294002, U73122, and U0126, implicating the respective roles of phosphatidinylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-K), phospholipase C (PLC), and MEK1/2 in basal and ATF-stimulated migratory capacity. Taken together, these results demonstrate that uPA:uPAR interaction stimulates EVT cell migration, independent of uPA enzymatic activity, using the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and calcium signaling events including the participation of PI 3-K and PLC. These findings are relevant to clinical conditions of aberrant trophoblast migration, including spontaneous abortion, preeclampsia, and choriocarcinoma. 相似文献
17.
18.
Vitamin E (tocopherols and tocotrienols) is essential for normal neurological function. Recently we have reported that the neuroprotective properties of tocotrienols are much more potent than that of the widely studied tocopherols (Sen, C.K., Khanna, S., Roy, S. and Parker, L. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275, 13049–13055). The objective of this study was to evaluate whether (i) oral supplementation of tocotrienols during pregnancy is bioavailable to fetal and mother brains; (ii) short-term change in dietary vitamin E levels of pregnant rats influences gene expression profile of developing fetal brains. We report that dietary tocotrienol is bioavailable to both mother and fetal brains. The enrichment is more in fetal brain tissue. Using a GeneChip microarray expression profiling approach we have identified a specific set of vitamin E sensitive genes in the developing rat fetal brain. 相似文献
19.
Building on the lead from antimalarial isonitriles 1-4 of marine origin, several easily accessible synthetic isonitriles were assessed for their antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum (in vitro) and multidrug resistant Plasmodium yoelii in Swiss mice model (in vivo). Isonitrile 11 has shown promising activity in both these assays. 相似文献
20.
Khanna S Venojarvi M Roy S Sharma N Trikha P Bagchi D Bagchi M Sen CK 《Free radical biology & medicine》2002,33(8):1089-1096