全文获取类型
收费全文 | 11428篇 |
免费 | 957篇 |
国内免费 | 16篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 25篇 |
2022年 | 73篇 |
2021年 | 254篇 |
2020年 | 150篇 |
2019年 | 188篇 |
2018年 | 267篇 |
2017年 | 220篇 |
2016年 | 389篇 |
2015年 | 645篇 |
2014年 | 677篇 |
2013年 | 767篇 |
2012年 | 1018篇 |
2011年 | 893篇 |
2010年 | 536篇 |
2009年 | 461篇 |
2008年 | 725篇 |
2007年 | 656篇 |
2006年 | 565篇 |
2005年 | 545篇 |
2004年 | 527篇 |
2003年 | 389篇 |
2002年 | 391篇 |
2001年 | 307篇 |
2000年 | 229篇 |
1999年 | 199篇 |
1998年 | 96篇 |
1997年 | 68篇 |
1996年 | 59篇 |
1995年 | 48篇 |
1994年 | 52篇 |
1993年 | 38篇 |
1992年 | 86篇 |
1991年 | 69篇 |
1990年 | 61篇 |
1989年 | 65篇 |
1988年 | 58篇 |
1987年 | 61篇 |
1986年 | 48篇 |
1985年 | 41篇 |
1984年 | 34篇 |
1983年 | 29篇 |
1982年 | 34篇 |
1981年 | 34篇 |
1980年 | 25篇 |
1979年 | 37篇 |
1978年 | 26篇 |
1977年 | 31篇 |
1976年 | 26篇 |
1975年 | 28篇 |
1974年 | 31篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
Although acupuncture therapy is widely used in traditional Asian medicine for the treatment of diverse internal organ disorders, its underlying biological mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we investigated the functional involvement of acupuncture stimulation (AS) in the regulation of inflammatory responses. TNF-α production in mouse serum, which was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration, was decreased by manual acupuncture (MAC) at the zusanli acupoint (stomach36, ST36). In the spleen, TNF-α mRNA and protein levels were also downregulated by MAC and were recovered by using a splenic neurectomy and a vagotomy. c-Fos, which was induced in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve (DMV) by LPS and electroacupuncture (EAC), was further increased by focal administration of the AMPA receptor blocker CNQX and the purinergic receptor antagonist PPADS. TNF-α levels in the spleen were decreased by CNQX and PPADS treatments, implying the involvement of inhibitory neuronal activity in the DVC. In unanesthetized animals, both MAC and EAC generated c-Fos induction in the DVC neurons. However, MAC, but not EAC, was effective in decreasing splenic TNF-α production. These results suggest that the therapeutic effects of acupuncture may be mediated through vagal modulation of inflammatory responses in internal organs. 相似文献
12.
13.
Mutations affecting the catalytic activity of Bacillus cereus 5/B/6 beta-lactamase II 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Random in vitro mutagenesis of a cloned Bacillus cereus 5/B/6 beta-lactamase II gene was used to select defective genes unable to confer ampicillin or cephalosporin C resistance to Escherichia coli. DNA sequencing of mutant genes identified histidine at position 28 as important to beta-lactamase II function. In addition, the isolation of six identical frameshift mutants established that the carboxyl-terminal end of beta-lactamase II is critical for enzyme function. Random mutagenesis also revealed that His88 (implicated previously as one of 4 residues acting as a zinc ligand) is crucial to enzymatic activity and that a glycine to glutamic acid substitution at position 148 produced a defective beta-lactamase. Oligonucleotide mutagenesis directed at Glu37 and Glu212 suggests that these residues are inconsequential to enzyme function but that histidine at position 28 may be involved in substrate binding or recognition. 相似文献
14.
J Chae M J Kim J H Goo S Collier D Gubb J Charlton P N Adler W J Park 《Development (Cambridge, England)》1999,126(23):5421-5429
The tissue polarity genes control the polarity of hairs, bristles and ommatidia in the adult epidermis of Drosophila. We report here the identification of a new tissue polarity gene named starry night (stan). Mutations in this essential gene alter the polarity of cuticular structures in all regions of the adult body. The detailed polarity phenotype of stan on the wing suggested that it is most likely a component of the frizzled (fz) pathway. Consistent with this hypothesis, stan appears to be downstream of and required for fz function. We molecularly cloned stan and found that it encodes a huge protocadherin containing nine cadherin motifs, four EGF-like motifs, two laminin G motifs, and seven transmembrane domains. This suggests that Stan functions in signal reception, perhaps together with Fz. 相似文献
15.
16.
17.
High-performance liquid chromatography of type-III heptocarboxylic porphyrinogen isomers. 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0 下载免费PDF全文
A reversed-phase h.p.l.c. system is described for the separation of the four type-III heptacarboxylic porphyrinogen isomers. The effects of buffer concentration, pH and type and proportion of organic modifier in the mobile phase on retention and resolution of isomers were studied. Optimum separation on an ODS-Hypersil column was by elution with a ternary mobile phase of acetonitrile, methanol and 1 M-ammonium acetate, pH 5.16 (7:3:90, by vol.). Isomer identification was based on a comparison of their retention times with those of authentic standards, and was further confirmed by h.p.l.c. analysis of the characteristic mixture of three pentacarboxylic porphyrins formed after partial decarboxylation of individual isomers in 0.3 M-HCl at 160 degrees C. 相似文献
18.
Molecular cloning and differential expression of somatic and testis-specific H2B histone genes during rat spermatogenesis 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
We have cloned cDNA of a testis-specific histone, TH2B (a variant of H2B), and rat somatic H2B gene to investigate regulation of testis-specific histone genes during rat spermatogenesis. The amino acid sequences deduced from DNA sequences show extensive sequence divergence in the N-terminal third of the two histones. The rest is highly conserved. One cysteine residue was found in TH2B. No cysteine is present in somatic histones except in H3 histone. We investigated the expression of TH2B and H2B genes using the regions of sequence divergence as hybridization probes. The TH2B gene is expressed only in the testis, and the expression of this gene is detected 14 days after birth, reaching a maximum at Day 20. The level of H2B mRNA shows a reciprocal pattern. This contrasting pattern can be explained by the gradually changing proportion of spermatogonia and spermatocytes with testicular maturation. In situ cytohybridization studies show that H2B gene is expressed primarily in proliferating spermatogonia and preleptotene spermatocytes, whereas TH2B gene is expressed exclusively in pachytene spermatocytes which first appear in testis about 14 days after birth. H2B and TH2B genes appear to be ideal markers for the study of proliferation and differentiation events in spermatogenesis and their regulatory mechanisms. 相似文献
19.
A photoactive iodoarylazide derivative (I-APA-PhN3) of the competitive thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 (TXA2/PGH2) antagonist 13-azaprostanoic acid is evaluated. Upon photoactivation, the compound was found to inhibit specifically and irreversibly human platelet aggregation induced by the TXA2/PGH2 mimetic U46619. In receptor-binding studies using [3H]U46619, I-APA-PhN3 exhibited an IC50 of 300 nM for inhibition of U46619 binding. Photoactivation of I-APA-PhN3 resulted in an irreversible 58% reduction in specific binding of U46619. This compound and its corresponding ratio-iodinated form will prove to be useful tools for the isolation and purification of the TXA2/PGH2-binding protein in human platelets. 相似文献
20.
Biochemical characterization of recombinant human phenylalanine hydroxylase produced in Escherichia coli 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A full-length human phenylalanine hydroxylase cDNA has been recombined with a prokaryotic expression vector and introduced into Escherichia coli. Transformed bacteria express phenylalanine hydroxylase immunoreactive protein and pterin-dependent conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine. Recombinant human phenylalanine hydroxylase produced in E. coli has been partially purified, and biochemical studies have been performed comparing the activity and kinetics of the recombinant enzyme with native phenylalanine hydroxylase from human liver. The optimal reaction conditions, kinetic constants, and sensitivity to inhibition by aromatic amino acids are the same for recombinant phenylalanine hydroxylase and native phenylalanine hydroxylase. These data indicate that the recombinant human phenylalanine hydroxylase is an authentic and complete phenylalanine hydroxylase enzyme and that the characteristic aspects of phenylalanine hydroxylase enzymatic activity are determined by a single gene product and can be constituted in the absence of any specific accessory functions of the eukaryotic cell. The availability of recombinant human phenylalanine hydroxylase produced in E. coli will expedite physical and chemical characterization of human phenylalanine hydroxylase which has been hindered in the past by inavailability of the native enzyme for study. 相似文献