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111.
112.
Incomplete protection, but suppression of virus burden, elicited by subunit simian immunodeficiency virus vaccines. 总被引:12,自引:10,他引:2 下载免费PDF全文
Z R Israel P F Edmonson D H Maul S P O'Neil S P Mossman C Thiriart L Fabry O Van Opstal C Bruck F Bex et al. 《Journal of virology》1994,68(3):1843-1853
We compared the efficacy of immunization with either simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) Env glycoprotein (Env), Env plus Gag proteins (Gag-Env), or whole inactivated virus (WIV), with or without recombinant live vaccinia vector (VV) priming, in protecting 23 rhesus macaques (six vaccine and two control groups) from challenge with SIVmac251 clone BK28. Vaccination elicited high titers of syncytium-inhibiting and anti-Env (gp120/gp160) antibodies in all vaccinated macaques and anti-Gag (p27) antibodies in groups immunized with WIV or Gag-Env. Only WIV-immunized macaques developed anticell (HuT78) antibodies. After homologous low-dose intravenous virus challenge, we used frequency of virus isolation, provirus burden, and change in antibody titers to define four levels of resistance to SIV infection as follows. (i) No infection ("sterilizing" immunity) was induced only in WIV-immunized animals. (ii) Abortive infection (strong immunity) was defined when virus or provirus were detected early in the postchallenge period but not thereafter and no evidence of virus or provirus was detected in terminal tissues. This response was observed in two animals (one VV-Env and one Gag-Env). (iii) Suppression of infection (incomplete or partial immunity) described a gradient of virus suppression manifested by termination of viremia, declining postchallenge antibody titers, and low levels (composite mean = 9.1 copies per 10(6) cells) of provirus detectable in peripheral blood mononuclear cells or lymphoid tissues at termination (40 weeks postchallenge). This response occurred in the majority (8 of 12) of subunit-vaccinated animals. (iv) Active infection (no immunity) was characterized by persistent virus isolation from blood mononuclear cells, increasing viral antibody titers postchallenge, and high levels (composite mean = 198 copies per 10(6) cells) of provirus in terminal tissues and blood. Active infection developed in all controls and two of three VV-Gag-Env-immunized animals. The results of this study restate the protective effect of inactivated whole virus vaccines produced in heterologous cells but more importantly demonstrate that a gradient of suppression of challenge virus growth, reflecting partial resistance to SIV infection, is induced by subunit vaccination. The latter finding may be pertinent to studies with human immunodeficiency virus vaccines, in which it is plausible that vaccination may elicit significant suppression of virus infection and pathogenicity rather than sterilizing immunity. 相似文献
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114.
Probing protein-cofactor interactions in the terminal oxidases by second derivative spectroscopy: study of bacterial enzymes with cofactor substitutions and heme A model compounds. 下载免费PDF全文
J. S. Felsch M. P. Horvath S. Gursky M. R. Hobaugh P. N. Goudreau J. A. Fee W. T. Morgan S. J. Admiraal M. Ikeda-Saito T. Fujiwara et al. 《Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society》1994,3(11):2097-2103
Second derivative absorption spectra are reported for the aa3-cytochrome c oxidase from bovine cardiac mitochondria, the aa3-600 ubiquinol oxidase from Bacillus subtilis, the ba3-cytochrome c oxidase from Thermus thermophilis, and the aco-cytochrome c oxidase from Bacillus YN-2000. Together these enzymes provide a range of cofactor combinations that allow us to unequivocally identify the origin of the 450-nm absorption band of the terminal oxidases as the 6-coordinate low-spin heme, cytochrome a. The spectrum of the aco-cytochrome c oxidase further establishes that the split Soret band of cytochrome a, with features at 443 and 450 nm, is common to all forms of the enzyme containing ferrocytochrome a and does not depend on ligand occupancy at the other heme cofactor as previously suggested. To test the universality of this Soret band splitting for 6-coordinate low-spin heme A systems, we have reconstituted purified heme A with the apo forms of the heme binding proteins, hemopexin, histidine-proline-rich glycoprotein and the H64V/V68H double mutant of human myoglobin. All 3 proteins bound the heme A as a (bis)histidine complex, as judged by optical and resonance Raman spectroscopy. In the ferroheme A forms, none of these proteins displayed evidence of Soret band splitting. Heme A-(bis)imidazole in aqueous detergent solution likewise failed to display Soret band splitting. When the cyanide-inhibited mixed-valence form of the bovine enzyme was partially denatured by chemical or thermal means, the split Soret transition of cytochrome a collapsed into a single band at 443 nm.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
115.
将54例冠心病、高血压病、糖尿病及脑梗塞病人,随机分为对照组与清栓酶组。对照组26例,常规药物治疗,清栓酶组28例,在常规药物治疗基础上加用蝮蛇清栓酶0.5u,稀释静脉点滴,一日一次,14天为一疗程。观察到蝮蛇清栓酶能明显升高超氧化物岐化酶活性(P<0.01),明显降低过氧化脂质的终末代谢产物丙二醛含量(P<0.01),说明蝮蛇清栓酶能有效减轻自由基损伤。 相似文献
116.
HBIG,无环鸟苷,干扰素联合对慢性乙型肝炎抗病毒效应观察 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文报道血清HBV复制标志阳性的慢乙肝54例,随机分为治疗组及对照组各27例进行HBIG、无环鸟苷、干扰素联合近、远期抗病毒效应观察。治疗组为无环鸟苷第一周按25~20mg/kg/d计后改17~15mg/kg/d×53天,共60天;人白细胞干扰素1×106U肌注每周3次×4周,后改1.0×106U肌注每周2次×6周,共10周;HBIG400U肌注隔日1次,共10周,对照组仅给予一般“保肝”药物。其中治疗组18例,对照组19例进行治后半年到2年追踪观察,结果近、远期HBcAg、DNAP、HBV-DNA阴转率治疗组均高于对照组,其中治疗组近、远期HBcAg,HBV-DNA阴转率均达40%以上,明显高于对照组(P<0.05~0.01),治疗组近、远期各有4例及2例HBsAg阴转,而对照组则无一例阴转,从近、远期综合抗病毒效应观察,治疗组全阴率分别为33.3%、44.4%,而对照组分别为3.79%及0%,P<0.01,治疗组无明显毒副反应。对比单用无环鸟苷,全阴率31.8%;无环鸟苷加干扰素两药联合全阴率37.5%,均有所提高,达到44.4%,值得进一步研究。 相似文献
117.
应用底物膜技术检测130例正常精液,精子顶体酶活性百分率的正常值下限为57%。459例不孕症病人精液分析,无精症25例,其余434例中75%精子顶体酶活性正常。实验表明精子密度对数值与顶体酶活性百分率之间有正相关,r=0.84(P<0.01),回归方程为顶体酶活性百分率y=48.43%+(8.9%)(log精子计数)。活动精子百分率与顶体酶活性之间有密切正相关,r=0.967,(P<0.01),顶体酶活性y=38.6%+0、36x%。前向活跃直线运动精子百分率与顶体酶活性之间也有密切相关.r=0.96,(P<0.01),顶体酶活性y=34.21%+0.61x%。 相似文献
118.
PCR和生物素探针对HFRSV的检测和分型的探讨 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分析比较肾综合征出血热病毒(HFRSV)76/118株和R_(22)株的核苷酸序列,根据引物设计原则及检测分型的目的,设计并合成了3对引物。1对引物取于两毒株间的高同源区段,作为共同引物和外引物;另两对引物取于两毒株间的低同源区段,分别作为野鼠型引物、家鼠型引物和内引物。建立了DNA聚合酶链反应(PCR)和NestPCR方法,并用NcstPCR合成了两种型特异的生物素探针。PCR检测76/118、A_9、陈、R_2、R_225个毒株,用外引物时均扩增出1条约300bp的条带;用内引物的野鼠型引物时,除R_(22)株之外,其余4株均扩增出1条约70bp的条带。斑点杂交试验证实了PCR检测分型的准确性。NestPCR和生物素探针斑点杂交试验可以测出1-10bg的目的cDNA。 相似文献
119.
大熊猫消化道消化吸收区段游离面的扫描电镜观察 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对大熊猫消化道的消化、吸收区段作扫描电镜观察后表明:(1)胃粘膜上皮细胞排列疏松,细胞表面具微绒毛,(2)十二指肠绒毛呈指状,表面凸凹不乎;绒毛表面具丰富的微绒毛,微绒毛表面粗糙,末端膨大。(3)直肠段具丰富的绒毛结构,表面不平滑,具颗粒状物质,但无微绒毛存在:直肠腺丰富。 相似文献
120.
ELISPOT技术是目前国外评价疫苗免疫原性和免疫应答机理研究中最常使用的方法。本文用自制的NC膜24孔板为固相支持物,建立了检测小鼠脾细胞中特异性ASCs的ELISPOT技术,在检测方法的特异性、结果的稳定性上均取得了满意的效果。并对该方法的某些实验条件进行了摸索。 相似文献