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131.
Erik R. Dubberke Margaret A. Olsen Dustin Stwalley Ciarán P. Kelly Dale N. Gerding Yinong Young-Xu Cedric Mahé 《PloS one》2016,11(2)
Background
Population attributable risk percent (PAR%) is an epidemiological tool that provides an estimate of the percent reduction in total disease burden if that disease could be entirely eliminated among a subpopulation. As such, PAR% is used to efficiently target prevention interventions. Due to significant limitations in current Clostridium difficile Infection (CDI) prevention practices and the development of new approaches to prevent CDI, such as vaccination, we determined the PAR% for CDI in various subpopulations in the Medicare 5% random sample.Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study using the 2009 Medicare 5% random sample. Comorbidities, infections, and healthcare exposures during the 12 months prior to CDI were identified. CDI incidence and PAR% were calculated for each condition/exposure. Easy to identify subpopulations that could be targeted from prevention interventions were identified based on PAR%.Findings
There were 1,465,927 Medicare beneficiaries with 9,401 CDI cases for an incidence of 677/100,000 persons. Subpopulations representing less than 15% of the entire population and with a PAR% ≥ 30% were identified. These included deficiency anemia (PAR% = 37.9%), congestive heart failure (PAR% = 30.2%), fluid and electrolyte disorders (PAR% = 29.6%), urinary tract infections (PAR% = 40.5%), pneumonia (PAR% = 35.2%), emergent hospitalization (PAR% = 48.5%) and invasive procedures (PAR% = 38.9%). Stratification by age and hospital exposures indicates hospital exposures are more strongly associated with CDI than age.Significance
Small and identifiable subpopulations that account for relatively large proportions of CDI cases in the elderly were identified. These data can be used to target specific subpopulations for CDI prevention interventions. 相似文献132.
133.
L.Lee Melhado Cedric J. Pearce Marc dAlarcao Nelson J. Leonard 《Phytochemistry》1980,21(12):2879-2885
Regiospecific syntheses of monodeuterated and monotritiated natural auxin (indole- 3-acetic acid), a synthetic auxin (naphthalene-1-acetic acid) and a photoaffinity labeling auxin (5-azidoindole-3-acetic acid) are described. These syntheses provide benzene-ring tritiated auxins for use in reversible and covalent binding studies. 相似文献
134.
Murine neuroblastoma cells, chronically infected with measles virus were examined for changes in neural-specific function and structure as well as cellular growth and macromolecular synthesis. When exposed to neural differentiation-inducing culture conditions, neurite formation and acetylcholinesterase activity are significantly increased in control cultures but not in persistently infected cells. Infected cultures manifest a more rapid doubling time, but depressed RNA and protein synthesis at saturation densities. Higher concentrations of papavarine, a cyclic 3′–5′ AMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor, result in selective death of persistently infected cells. 相似文献
135.
Ultrastructural Study of Long-Term Measles Infection in Cultures of Hamster Dorsal-Root Ganglion 总被引:11,自引:6,他引:5 下载免费PDF全文
Cedric S. Raine Lawrence A. Feldman Rachel D. Sheppard Murray B. Bornstein 《Journal of virology》1971,8(3):318-329
The morphogenesis of the Edmonston strain of measles is described in cultures of hamster dorsal-root ganglion maintained for as long as 63 days postinoculation. The patterns observed confirmed those previously reported in both neural and non-neural tissue. However, in the present tissue, the development of viral material could be followed chronologically within different cell types such as neurons and Schwann cells. Active replication was visualized up to 63 days postinoculation. The appearance of cytoplasmic nucleocapsid preceded that of intranuclear nucleocapsid, the latter occurring after 14 days. These intranuclear inclusions were formed after the transformation of the nucleoli into bizarre pleomorphic bodies which eventually segregated into clumps of nucleocapsid. These intranuclear inclusions mimic those seen in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, now known to be etiologically related to a measles-like virus. 相似文献
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138.
Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from guinea pigs with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced by sensitization with bovine whole white matter, proliferated in vitro upon exposure to bovine myelin basic protein (B-MBP). The degree of the response increased with clinical severity. PBL from EAE-sensitized guinea pigs which failed to develop clinical disease did not respond to B-MBP. PBL from complete Freund's adjuvant-sensitized and nonsensitized normal guinea pigs were not responsive to B-MBP. EAE-sensitized animals displaying clinical signs of disease showed concanavalin A (Con A) responsiveness which paralleled that of B-MBP. Animals that did not develop EAE demonstrated Con A responses similar to those of control guinea pigs. Thus, in this acute autoimmune demyelinating condition, PBL responsiveness to B-MBP might provide a monitor of disease development. 相似文献
139.
Amaury Farce Cedric Loge Sebastien Gallet Nicolas Lebegue Pascal Carato 《Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry》2013,28(6):541-547
Cancer is a major cause of mortality in developed countries, following only cardiovascular diseases. Death of cancerous cells can be achieved by stopping mitosis and the antimitotic class of drugs formed by the spindle poisons can be used for this purpose. Their role is to disorganize the mitotic spindle by targeting its main constituent, the microtubules, themselves made of heterodimers of α and β-tubulin. They disrupt the dynamics of the microtubules either by stabilizing them, as do paclitaxel or epothilones, or destabilizing them, as do colchicine. The binding site of colchicine seems to lie between the two units of the tubulin dimer. Here, we report on the characterization of this site by the docking of a series of reference compounds, and the subsequent docking of ligands prepared in our laboratory. 相似文献
140.