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51.
Nathalia Torres Dutra Vanildo Silveira Inga Gonçalves de Azevedo Lupis Ribeiro Gomes‐Neto Arnoldo Rocha Façanha Neusa Steiner Miguel Pedro Guerra Eny Iochevet Segal Floh Claudete Santa‐Catarina 《Physiologia plantarum》2013,148(1):121-132
Polyamines (PAs) are abundant polycationic compounds involved in many physiological processes in plants, including somatic embryogenesis. This study investigates the role of PAs on cellular growth and structure of pro‐embryogenic masses (PEMs), endogenous PA and proton pump activities in embryogenic suspension cultures of Araucaria angustifolia. The embryogenic suspension cultures were incubated with putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), spermine (Spm) and the inhibitor methylglyoxal‐bis(guanylhydrazone) (MGBG), respectively (1 mM). After 24 h and 21 days, the cellular growth and structure of PEMs, endogenous PA contents and proton pump activities were analyzed. The addition of Spm reduced the cellular growth and promoted the development of PEMs in embryogenic cultures, which could be associated with a reduction in the activities of proton pumps, such as H+‐ATPase P‐ and V‐types and H+‐PPases, and alterations in the endogenous PA contents. Spm significantly affected the physiology of the A. angustifolia somatic embryogenesis suspension, as it potentially affects cellular growth and structure of PEMs through the modulation of proton pump activities. This work demonstrates the involvement of exogenous PAs in the modulation of cellular growth and structure of PEMs, endogenous PA levels and proton pump activities during somatic embryogenesis. To our knowledge, this study is the first to report a relationship between PAs and proton pump activities in these processes. The results obtained in this study offer new perspectives for studies addressing the role of PAs and proton pump on somatic embryogenesis in this species. 相似文献
52.
Catarina Prado e Castro José Paulo Sousa María Isabel Arnaldos João Gaspar María Dolores García 《法国昆虫学会纪事》2013,49(1-2):128-139
The first forensic entomological study performed in Portugal is presented. Two piglet (Sus scrofa L.) carcasses were used to determine adult Calliphoridae activity on carrion over a period of 121 days, all along the end of spring and the summer, both in a shaded and a sunny site. Five decomposition stages were observed and a total of 10723 adult Calliphoridae, belonging to 11 species, were collected. Calliphora vicina, Calliphora vomitoria, Chrysomya albiceps and Lucilia caesar were the dominant species in this study. Decomposition was faster on the carcass exposed to the sun and the number of Calliphoridae specimens was higher there than in the shaded site. It was found a significant effect of the decomposition stage in the number of specimens attracted to the carcass, as well as a significant effect of the interaction between the decomposition stage and insolation regime. Calliphora and Lucilia species did not show preference for sunny or shaded areas. Important differences in the Calliphoridae community structure were found compared to other regions of the Iberian Peninsula, reinforcing the need of further studies in different environments and regions of this geographical area in order to collect information about the local necrophagous fauna used in forensic practice. 相似文献
53.
Jaqueline Raymondi Silva Larissa Campos de Medeiros Vinícius Pinho dos Reis Juliana Helena Chávez Thiago Demarchi Munhoz Gustavo Puia Borges Otavio Augusto Brioschi Soares Carlos Henrique Coelho de Campos Rosangela Zacarias Machado Cristiane Divan Baldani Maria Luana Cristiny Rodrigues Silva Joice Lara Maia Faria Edson Elias da Silva Luiz Tadeu Moraes Figueiredo 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2013,108(7):921-923
Since the emergence of West Nile virus (WNV) in North America in 1999, there have been several reports of WNV activity in Central and South American countries. To detect WNV in Brazil, we performed a serological survey of horses from different regions of Brazil using recombinant peptides from domain III of WNV. Positive samples were validated with the neutralisation test. Our results showed that of 79 ELISA-positive horses, nine expressed WNV-specific neutralising antibodies. Eight of the infected horses were from the state of Mato Grosso do Sul and one was from the state of Paraíba. Our results provide additional evidence for the emergence of WNV in Brazil and for its circulation in multiple regions of the country. 相似文献
54.
Fernanda Luna da Silva Eduardo Coelho Cerqueira Mônica Santos de Freitas Daniela Leão Gonçalves Lilian Terezinha Costa Cristian Follmer 《Neurochemistry international》2013
In the last decades, a series of compounds, including quinones and polyphenols, has been described as having anti-fibrillogenic action on α-synuclein (α-syn) whose aggregation is associated to the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Most of these molecules act as promiscuous anti-amyloidogenic agents, interacting with the diverse amyloidogenic proteins (mostly unfolded) through non-specific hydrophobic interactions. Herein we investigated the effect of the vitamins K (phylloquinone, menaquinone and menadione), which are 1,4-naphthoquinone (1,4-NQ) derivatives, on α-syn aggregation, comparing them with other anti-fibrillogenic molecules such as quinones, polyphenols and lipophilic vitamins. Vitamins K delayed α-syn fibrillization in substoichiometric concentrations, leading to the formation of short, sheared fibrils and amorphous aggregates, which are less prone to produce leakage of synthetic vesicles. In seeding conditions, menadione and 1,4-NQ significantly inhibited fibrils elongation, which could be explained by their ability to destabilize preformed fibrils of α-syn. Bidimensional NMR experiments indicate that a specific site at the N-terminal α-syn (Gly31/Lys32) is involved in the interaction with vitamins K, which is corroborated by previous studies suggesting that Lys is a key residue in the interaction with quinones. Together, our data suggest that 1,4-NQ, recently showed up by our group as a potential scaffold for designing new monoamine oxidase inhibitors, is also capable to modulate α-syn fibrillization in vitro. 相似文献
55.
Pollen grains of the seed plant genera Ephedra L. and Welwitschia Hook. f. (Gnetales) are of similar size, shape, and have a polyplicate exine with alternating thicker and thinner regions. Ephedra pollen is considered inaperturate and the exine is shed during germination, leaving the male gametophyte naked. The shed exine curls up and forms a characteristic structure with transverse striations. Such upcurled exines have been found in situ in Early Cretaceous seeds with affinities to Ephedra. The purpose of this study was to document the germination of Welwitschia pollen and investigate whether they also discard their exine during this process. The pollen grains of Welwitschia are monoaperturate with a distinct, distal sulcus. During germination, the sulcus splits open and the gametophyte expands to a spherical form that extends out of the exine. The pollen tube starts to grow one or two hours later and as in Ephedra, it is displaced towards one side. The exine is not shed but remains as a “cap” that partly covers the male gametophyte. Thus, in this respect the germination process is distinctly different from that in Ephedra and this study demonstrates that discharging the exine during pollen germination is unique to Ephedra, among the polyplicate pollen producing genera in the Gnetales. 相似文献
56.
Catarina Rato Mehmet Zülfü Yıldız Naşit İğci Kurtuluş Olgun Çetin Ilgaz Aziz Avcı 《Zoology in the Middle East.》2013,59(4):324-331
The Persian Lizard, Iranolacerta brandtii, was until recently considered to be restricted to north-western Iran (Azerbaijan and Esfahan provinces). However, two recent studies have revealed the existence of populations in Eastern Anatolia, extending the range of this species for about 230?km westwards. The fragmented distribution of this species has been considered to be a consequence of the climatic oscillations during the Pleistocene and Holocene, which created events of alternating contact and isolation of populations in distinct glacial refugia. According to our obtained genealogy derived from three mitochondrial fragments (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA and cytb), the Turkish specimens cluster together but form an independent clade, sister to the individuals from Tabriz in Iran. The separation of these two clades is concurrent with the cladogenesis between the Esfahan and Ardabil clades, estimated to have taken place during the late Holocene. 相似文献
57.
A Double-Blind,Randomised, Crossover Trial of Two Botulinum Toxin Type A in Patients with Spasticity
Fábio Coelho Guarany Paulo Dornelles Picon Nicole Ruas Guarany Antonio Cardoso dos Santos Bianca Paula Mentz Chiella Carolina Rocha Barone Lúcia Costa Cabral Fendt Pedro Schestatsky 《PloS one》2013,8(2)
Background
Botulinum toxin type A (btxA) is one of the main treatment choices for patients with spasticity. Prosigne® a new released botulinum toxin serotype A may have the same effectiveness as Botox® in focal dystonia. However, there are no randomized clinical trials comparing these formulations in spasticity treatment. The aim of our study was to compare the efficacy and safety of Prosigne® with Botox® in the treatment of spasticity.Methodology/Principal Findings
We performed a double-blind, randomized, crossover study consisting of 57 patients with clinically meaningful spasticity. The patients were assessed at baseline, 4 and 12 weeks after Prosigne® or Botox® administration. The main outcomes were changes in the patients’ Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) scores and adverse effects related to the botulinum toxin. Both of the toxins were significantly effective in relieving the level of spasticity in adults and children. There were no significant differences found between the Prosigne® and Botox® treatments regarding their MAS, FIM and PEDI scores. Likewise, the incidence of adverse effects was similar between the two groups.Conclusion
Our results suggest that Prosigne® and Botox® are both efficient and comparable with respect to their efficacy and safety for the three month treatment of spasticity.Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov . NCT00819065相似文献58.
Fernanda Fai?o-Flores Paulo Rogério Pinto Coelho Jo?o Dias Toledo Arruda-Neto Silvya Stuchi Maria-Engler Manoela Tiago Vera Luiza Capelozzi Ricardo Rodrigues Giorgi Durvanei Augusto Maria 《PloS one》2013,8(3)
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a binary treatment involving selective accumulation of boron carriers in a tumor followed by irradiation with a thermal or epithermal neutron beam. The neutron capture reaction with a boron-10 nucleus yields high linear energy transfer (LET) particles, alpha and 7Li, with a range of 5 to 9 µm. These particles can only travel very short distances and release their damaging energy directly into the cells containing the boron compound. We aimed to evaluate proliferation, apoptosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) modifications of B16F10 melanoma and normal human melanocytes after BNCT. The amounts of soluble collagen and Hsp47, indicating collagen synthesis in the ECM, as well as the cellular markers of apoptosis, were investigated. BNCT decreased proliferation, altered the ECM by decreasing collagen synthesis and induced apoptosis by regulating Bcl-2/Bax in melanoma. Additionally, BNCT also increased the levels of TNF receptor and the cleaved caspases 3, 7, 8 and 9 in melanoma. These results suggest that multiple pathways related to cell death and cell cycle arrest are involved in the treatment of melanoma by BNCT. 相似文献
59.
Parathyroidectomy Improves Survival In Patients with Severe Hyperparathyroidism: A Comparative Study
Patricia Taschner Goldenstein Rosilene Motta Elias Lilian Pires de Freitas do Carmo Fernanda Oliveira Coelho Luciene Pereira Magalh?es Gisele Lins Antunes Melani Ribeiro Custódio Fábio Luiz de Menezes Montenegro Silvia Maria Titan Vanda Jorgetti Rosa Maria Affonso Moysés 《PloS one》2013,8(8)
Background and objectives
Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) in CKD is associated with an increased risk for mortality, but definitive data showing that parathormone control decreases mortality is still lacking. This study aimed to compare the mortality of patients with severe SHPT submitted to parathyroidectomy(PTX) with those who did not have access to surgery.Methods
This is a retrospective study in a cohort of 251 CKD patients with severe SHPT who were referred to a CKD-MBD Center for PTX from 2005 until 2012.Results
Most of our patients had indication of PTX, but only 49% of them had access to this surgical procedure. After a mean follow-up of 23 months, 72 patients had died. Non-survivors were older; more often had diabetes, lower serum 25 vitamin D and mostly had not been submitted to surgery. The relative risk of death was lower in the PTX patients (0.428; 95% CI, 0.28 to 0.67; p<0.0001). After adjustments, mortality risk was dependent on age (1.04; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.07; p = 0.002), 25 vitamin D (0.43; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.81; p = 0.006) and no access to PTX (4.13; 95% CI, 2.16 to 7.88; p<0.0001). Results remained the same in a second model using the PTX date as the study start date for the PTX group.Conclusions
Our data confirms the benefit of PTX on mortality in patients with severe SHPT. The high mortality encountered in our population is significant and urges the need to better treat these patients. 相似文献60.
Zygosaccharomyces rouxii is a fructophilic yeast than can grow at very high sugar concentrations. We have identified an ORF encoding a putative fructose/H+ symporter in the Z. rouxii CBS 732 genome database. Heterologous expression of this ORF in a S. cerevisiae strain lacking its own hexose transporters (hxt-null) and subsequent kinetic characterization of its sugar transport activity showed it is a high-affinity low-capacity fructose/H+ symporter, with Km 0.45±0.07 mM and Vmax 0.57±0.02 mmol h−1 (gdw) −1. We named it ZrFsy1. This protein also weakly transports xylitol and sorbose, but not glucose or other hexoses. The expression of ZrFSY1 in Z. rouxii is higher when the cells are cultivated at extremely low fructose concentrations (<0.2%) and on non-fermentable carbon sources such as mannitol and xylitol, where the cells have a prolonged lag phase, longer duplication times and change their microscopic morphology. A clear phenotype was determined for the first time for the deletion of a fructose/H+ symporter in the genome where it occurs naturally. The effect of the deletion of ZrFSY1 in Z. rouxii cells is only evident when the cells are cultivated at very low fructose concentrations, when the ZrFsy1 fructose symporter is the main active fructose transporter system. 相似文献