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排序方式: 共有71条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Yang Xia Hong Wen Heather R Prashner Rong Chen Tadashi Inagami Daniel F Catanzaro Rodney E Kellems 《Biology of reproduction》2002,66(1):135-143
A puzzling feature of the renin-angiotensin system during pregnancy is the appearance in the maternal circulation of a large increase in the concentration of prorenin and renin. The physiologic role of these changes is not understood. We determined that high levels of renin protein occur in the circulation of pregnant mice, thereby establishing the mouse as a valuable model for understanding gestation-induced changes in the renin-angiotensin system. We used the murine model to show that high levels of renin gene expression occur at the mother-fetus interface, first in maternal decidua and subsequently in placentas. These results were obtained using ICR mice that have 2 related renin genes, Ren1 and Ren2. We also examined renin gene expression in C57Bl/6 mice that have only the Ren1 gene. In these mice, very little renin gene expression was observed in placentas but instead was upregulated in kidneys during pregnancy. In both ICR and C57Bl/6 mice, there is an increase in renin protein in the maternal circulation during pregnancy. However, these mice differ with regard to gestation-induced sites of increased renin gene expression. These studies suggest that mice are a convenient and valuable model for studying renin gene expression during pregnancy. 相似文献
32.
The present study was designed to examine the development
of hypertension in diabetic rats treated
with streptozotocin (STZ, 1mg/g bw). The rats were
studied at 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 weeks. From the third
week the rats were divided in diabetic rats according
their glycemias and controls, along 15 weeks. After
the third week a group, of rats showed increased urinary
protein excretion (93, 134, 155 and 191%) compared
to controls. In this group of rats the urinary
kallikrein excretion was lower than control and the
systolic blood pressure became significantly elevated
between 3 and 6 weeks and persisted up to 15 weeks.
On the other hand a group of diabetic rats were normotensive
with urinary protein excretion similar to
controls and urinary kallikrein lower compared to
control but significantly higher compared diabetic
hypertensive rats. These data suggest that the association
of progressive diabetic nephropathy with abnormal
endothelium-dependent vasodilation may
produce a high prevalence of hypertensive diabetes. 相似文献
33.
Antonino Catanzaro Timothy C. Rodwell Donald G. Catanzaro Richard S. Garfein Roberta L. Jackson Marva Seifert Sophia B. Georghiou Andre Trollip Erik Groessl Naomi Hillery Valeriu Crudu Thomas C. Victor Camilla Rodrigues Grace Shou-Yean Lin Faramarz Valafar Edward Desmond Kathleen Eisenach 《PloS one》2015,10(8)
Background
The aim of this study was to compare the performance of several recently developed assays for the detection of multi- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (M/XDR-TB) in a large, multinational field trial.Methods
Samples from 1,128 M/XDR-TB suspects were examined by Line Probe Assay (LPA), Pyrosequencing (PSQ), and Microscopic Observation of Drug Susceptibility (MODS) and compared to the BACTEC MGIT960 reference standard to detect M/XDR-TB directly from patient sputum samples collected at TB clinics in India, Moldova, and South Africa.Results
Specificity for all three assays was excellent: 97–100% for isoniazid (INH), rifampin (RIF), moxifloxacin (MOX) and ofloxacin (OFX) and 99–100% for amikacin (AMK), capreomycin (CAP) and kanamycin (KAN) resistance. Sensitivities were lower, but still very good: 94–100% for INH, RIF, MOX and OFX, and 84–90% for AMK and CAP, but only 48–62% for KAN. In terms of agreement, statistically significant differences were only found for detection of RIF (MODS outperformed PSQ) and KAN (MODS outperformed LPA and PSQ) resistance. Mean time-to-result was 1.1 days for LPA and PSQ, 14.3 days for MODS, and 24.7 days for MGIT.Conclusions
All three rapid assays evaluated provide clinicians with timely detection of resistance to the drugs tested; with molecular results available one day following laboratory receipt of samples. In particular, the very high specificity seen for detection of drug resistance means that clinicians can use the results of these rapid tests to avoid the use of toxic drugs to which the infecting organism is resistant and develop treatment regiments that have a higher likelihood of yielding a successful outcome. 相似文献34.
Background
Distance matrix methods constitute a major family of phylogenetic estimation methods, and the minimum evolution (ME) principle (aiming at recovering the phylogeny with shortest length) is one of the most commonly used optimality criteria for estimating phylogenetic trees. The major difficulty for its application is that the number of possible phylogenies grows exponentially with the number of taxa analyzed and the minimum evolution principle is known to belong to the -hard class of problems. 相似文献35.
36.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine trials: a novel assay for differential diagnosis of HIV infections in the face of vaccine-generated antibodies
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Khurana S Needham J Mathieson B Rodriguez-Chavez IR Catanzaro AT Bailer RT Kim J Polonis V Cooper DA Guerin J Peterson ML Gurwith M Nguyen N Graham BS Golding H 《Journal of virology》2006,80(5):2092-2099
All current human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine candidates contain multiple viral components and elicit antibodies that react positively in licensed HIV diagnostic tests, which contain similar viral products. Thus, vaccine trial participants could be falsely diagnosed as infected with HIV. Additionally, uninfected, seropositive vaccinees may encounter long-term social and economic harms. Moreover, this also interferes with early detection of true HIV infections during preventive HIV vaccine trials. An HIV-seropositive test result among uninfected vaccine trial participants is a major public health concern for volunteers who want to participate in future HIV vaccine trials. Based on the increased number of HIV vaccines being tested globally, it is essential to differentiate vaccine- from virus-induced antibodies. Using a whole-HIV-genome phage display library, we identified conserved sequences in Env-gp41 and Gag-p6 which are recognized soon after infection, do not contain protective epitopes, and are not part of most current HIV vaccines. We established a new HIV serodetection assay based on these peptides. To date, this assay, termed HIV-SELECTEST, demonstrates >99% specificity and sensitivity. Importantly, in testing of plasma samples from multiple HIV vaccine trials, uninfected trial participants scored negative, while all intercurrent infections were detected within 1 to 3 months of HIV infection. The new HIV-SELECTEST is a simple but robust diagnostic tool for easy implementation in HIV vaccine trials and blood banks worldwide. 相似文献
37.
Smith ED Ariane Vinson N Zhong D Berrang BD Catanzaro JL Thomas JB Navarro HA Gilmour BP Deschamps J Carroll FI 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2008,16(2):822-829
A new chiral synthesis of the ORL-1 antagonist 1-[(3R,4R)-1-cyclooctylmethyl-3-hydroxymethyl-4-piperidinyl]-3-ethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one (2, J-113397) was developed. J-113397 has a K(e)=0.85nM in an ORL-1 calcium mobilization assay and is 89-, 887-, and 227-fold selective for the ORL-1 receptor relative to the mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors. 相似文献
38.
39.
A Beloff-Chain P Betto W Bleszynski R Catanzaro E B Chain A A Dmitrovskii L Longinotti F Pocchiari 《The Biochemical journal》1965,97(2):565-568
1. The influence of ATP on glucose metabolism was studied in the isolated rat diaphragm; it was shown that ATP increases the oxidation of glucose and the aerobic conversion of glucose into lactate, whereas it decreases glycogen synthesis. There was no influence of ATP on the anaerobic formation of lactate from glucose. 2. A maximum effect of ATP on the oxidation of glucose (about 160% increase) was obtained in the presence of 10mm-ATP; in the presence of 2mm-ATP the effect was about 65%, and was approximately constant from 10 to 90min. incubation period. 3. In a phosphate-free tris-buffered medium the oxidation of glucose was considerably decreased, but the percentage stimulation by ATP was about the same as in a phosphate-buffered medium. 4. ATP was shown to increase the oxidation of fructose, glucose 6-phosphate, glucose 1-phosphate, fructose 1,6-diphosphate and, to a much smaller extent, pyruvate. 5. ADP stimulated the oxidation of glucose to the same extent as ATP at a concentration of 2mm and the effect with AMP was only slightly less; IMP and adenosine had only a small stimulatory effect at this concentration, whereas inosine had no effect. 相似文献
40.
Guerriero JL Ditsworth D Catanzaro JM Sabino G Furie MB Kew RR Crawford HC Zong WX 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》2011,186(6):3517-3526
Dysregulation of apoptosis is associated with the development of human cancer and resistance to anticancer therapy. We have previously shown in tumor xenografts that DNA alkylating agents induce sporadic cell necrosis and regression of apoptosis-deficient tumors. Sporadic tumor cell necrosis is associated with extracellular release of cellular content such as the high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein and subsequent recruitment of innate immune cells into the tumor tissue. It remained unclear whether HMGB1 and the activation of innate immunity played a role in tumor response to chemotherapy. In this study, we show that whereas DNA alkylating therapy leads to a complete tumor regression in an athymic mouse tumor xenograft model, it fails to do so in tumors deficient in HMGB1. The HMGB1-deficient tumors have an impaired ability to recruit innate immune cells including macrophages, neutrophils, and NK cells into the treated tumor tissue. Cytokine array analysis reveals that whereas DNA alkylating treatment leads to suppression of protumor cytokines such as IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13, loss of HMGB1 leads to elevated levels of these cytokines upon treatment. Suppression of innate immunity and HMGB1 using depleting Abs leads to a failure in tumor regression. Taken together, these results indicate that HMGB1 plays an essential role in activation of innate immunity and tumor clearance in response to DNA alkylating agents. 相似文献