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Pedro Tauler Antoni Aguiló Nuria Cases Antoni Sureda Fernando Gimenez Gerardo Villa 《Free radical research》2013,47(10):1101-1107
Long-duration or damaging exercise initiates reactions that resemble the acute phase response to infection and induces neutrophil priming for oxidative activity. Our objective was to establish the status of the antioxidant defences and of the oxidative equilibrium in the neutrophils of sportsmen prior to and after intense physical exercise. Nine voluntary male professional cyclists participated in this study. The exercise was a cycling mountain stage (171 km) and the cyclists took a mean - SEM of 270 - 12 min to complete it. We determined the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), the levels and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), the concentrations of ascorbate, glutathione and glutathione disulphide (GSSG) and DNA levels in neutrophils. The cycling stage decreased enzyme activities expressed per DNA units: CAT (33%), SOD (38%), GPx (65%); increased ascorbate concentration in neutrophils and decreased the GSH/GSSG ratio and the enzyme activities expressed per DNA units. Neutrophils could contribute to plasma antioxidant defences against oxidative stress induced by exercise because they probably provide antioxidant enzymes and ascorbate. 相似文献
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Sylvaine You Luca Piali Chantal Kuhn Beat Steiner Virginia Sauvaget Fabrice Valette Martine Clozel Jean-Fran?ois Bach Lucienne Chatenoud 《PloS one》2013,8(10)
In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of a selective S1P1 receptor modulator, ponesimod, to protect and reverse autoimmune diabetes in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Ponesimod was administered orally to NOD mice starting at 6, 10, 13 and 16 weeks of age up to 35 weeks of age or to NOD mice showing recent onset diabetes. Peripheral blood and spleen B and T cell counts were significantly reduced after ponesimod administration. In pancreatic lymph nodes, B lymphocytes were increased and expressed a transitional 1-like phenotype. Chronic oral ponesimod treatment efficiently prevented autoimmune diabetes in 6, 10 and 16 week-old pre-diabetic NOD mice. Treatment withdrawal led to synchronized disease relapse. Ponesimod did not inhibit the differentiation of autoreactive T cells as assessed by adoptive transfer of lymphocytes from treated disease-free NOD mice. In addition, it did not affect the migration, proliferation and activation of transgenic BDC2.5 cells into the target tissue. However, ponesimod inhibited spreading of the T cell responses to islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein (IGRP). Treatment of diabetic NOD mice with ponesimod induced disease remission. However, here again, upon treatment cessation, the disease rapidly recurred. This recurrence was effectively prevented by combination treatment with a CD3 antibody leading to the restoration of self-tolerance. In conclusion, treatment with a selective S1P1 modulator in combination with CD3 antibody represents a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of autoimmune diabetes. 相似文献
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Serine/threonine kinases and E2-ubiquitin conjugating enzymes in Planctomycetes: unexpected findings
The regulation of signal transduction by phosphorylation and ubiquitination is essential to ensure the correct behavior of eukaryotic cells. We searched for protein families involved in such signaling in several eukaryotic species and in a limited set of prokaryotes, where two members of the Planctomycetes phylum were included as they exhibit eukaryote-like features (Gemmata obscuriglobus and Pirellula staleyi). We identified sequences homologous to eukaryotic serine/threonine kinases (STKs) and E2-ubiquitin conjugating enzymes in the two Planctomycetes species. To extend these analyses to the Planctomycetes/Verrucomicrobia/Chlamydia super-phylum, we performed comparative analyses using domains from kinases, phosphatases and GTPases that serve as signaling signatures, and we analyzed their distributions. We found substantial differences in kinome densities with regards to other prokaryote clades and among the groups in the Planctomycetes/Verrucomicrobia/Chlamydia super-phylum. In addition, we identified the presence of classic eukaryotic E2-conjugating ubiquitin proteins in prokaryotes, these having previously believed to exist only in eukaryotes. Our phylogenetic analyses of the STKs signature domains and E2-enzymes suggest the existence of horizontal gene transfer. 相似文献
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Antoni Sureda Pedro Tauler Antoni Aguiló Nuria Cases Isabel Llompart Josep A. Tur Antoni Pons 《Central European Journal of Biology》2007,2(1):56-70
Intense exercise induces inflammatory-like changes and oxidative stress in immune cells. Our aim was to study the effects
of antioxidant diet supplementation on the neutrophil inflammatory response and on the tocopherol associated protein (TAP)
expression after exhaustive exercise. Fourteen male-trained amateur runners were randomly divided in two placebo and supplemented
groups. Vitamins C (152 mg/d) and E (50 mg/d) supplementation were administrated to the athletes for a month, using an almond
based isotonic and energetic beverage. Non-enriched beverage was given to the placebo group. After one month, the subjects
participated in a half-marathon race (21 km-run). Neutrophil TAP mRNA expression and markers of the inflammatory response
were determined before, immediately after, and 3 h after finishing the half-marathon race. TAP expression increased after
exercise mainly in the neutrophils of the placebo group. Exercise induced an inflammatory response in both placebo and supplemented
groups, manifested with neutrophilia, increased creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase serum activities, neutrophil luminol
chemiluminescence and myeloperoxidase release. Plasma malondialdehyde only increased in the placebo group after exercise.
Diet supplementation with moderate levels of antioxidant vitamins avoids plasma damage in response to exhaustive exercise
without the effects on the inflammatory process. Neutrophil degranulation and increased tocopherol associated protein could
contribute to the neutrophil protection from the oxidative stress. 相似文献
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Role of ptsO in carbon-mediated inhibition of the Pu promoter belonging to the pWW0 Pseudomonas putida plasmid 下载免费PDF全文
An investigation was made into the role of the ptsO gene in carbon source inhibition of the Pu promoter belonging to the Pseudomonas putida upper TOL (toluene degradation) operon. ptsO is coexpressed with ptsN, the loss of which is known to render Pu unresponsive to glucose. Both ptsN and ptsO, coding for the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) family proteins IIA(Ntr) and NPr, respectively, have been mapped adjacent to the rpoN gene of P. putida. The roles of these two genes in the responses of Pu to glucose were monitored by lacZ reporter technology with a P. putida strain engineered with all regulatory elements in monocopy gene dosage. In cells lacking ptsO, Pu activity seemed to be inhibited even in the absence of glucose. A functional relationship with ptsN was revealed by the phenotype of a double ptsN ptsO mutant that was equivalent to the phenotype of a mutant with a single ptsN disruption. Moreover, phosphorylation of the product of ptsO seemed to be required for C inhibition of Pu, since an H15A change in the NPr sequence that prevents phosphorylation of this conserved amino acid residue did not restore the wild-type phenotype. A genomic search for proteins able to phosphorylate ptsO revealed the presence of two open reading frames, designated ptsP and mtp, with the potential to encode PTS type I enzymes in P. putida. However, neither an insertion in ptsP nor an insertion in mtp resulted in a detectable change in inhibition of Pu by glucose. These results indicate that some PTS proteins have regulatory functions in P. putida that are independent of their recognized role in sugar transport in other bacteria. 相似文献
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Sureda A Batle JM Tauler P Aguiló A Cases N Tur JA Pons A 《Free radical biology & medicine》2004,37(11):1744-1755
Oxidative stress induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation mediates the pathophysiological consequence of ischemia/reperfusion and human diseases. Diving apnea could be a good model of oxidative stress induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation. We studied the influence of vitamin C diet supplementation on the response of neutrophil antioxidant defenses, NO production, and redox status to diving apnea. Seven professional apnea divers participated in a double-blind cross study. Divers were assigned to either vitamin C-supplemented (1 g/d for a week) or placebo groups. Blood samples were taken under basal conditions, immediately after diving apnea for 4 h and after 1 h of recovery. Plasma vitamin C increased only in the supplemented group after diving and was maintained high in recovery. Diving apnea decreased neutrophil GSH/GSSG ratio in both groups, but maintained protein carbonyl derivates. Neutrophil catalase activity and levels and glutathione peroxidase activity were lower in the supplemented group than in the placebo group after diving. iNOS and nitrite levels decreased only in the supplemented group after diving and recovery. Diving apnea induced oxidative stress and initiated neutrophil reactions that resemble the acute-phase immune response with increased myeloperoxidase activity in neutrophils. Diet supplementation with vitamin C reduced neutrophil iNOS levels and NO production. 相似文献
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Heavy metal tolerance and metal homeostasis in Pseudomonas putida as revealed by complete genome analysis 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
The genome of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 encodes an unexpected capacity to tolerate heavy metals and metalloids. The availability of the complete chromosomal sequence allowed the categorization of 61 open reading frames likely to be involved in metal tolerance or homeostasis, plus seven more possibly involved in metal resistance mechanisms. Some systems appeared to be duplicated. These might perform redundant functions or be involved in tolerance to different metals. In total, P. putida was found to bear two systems for arsenic (arsRBCH), one for chromate (chrA), four to six systems for divalent cations (two cadA and two to four czc chemiosmotic antiporters), two systems for monovalent cations: pacS, cusCBA (plus one cryptic silP gene containing a frameshift mutation), two operons for Cu chelation (copAB), one metallothionein for metal(loid) binding, one system for Te/Se methylation (tpmT) and four ABC transporters for the uptake of essential Zn, Mn, Mo and Ni (one nikABCDE, two znuACB and one mobABC). Some of the metal-related clusters are located in gene islands with atypical genome signatures. The predicted capacity of P. putida to endure exposure to heavy metals is discussed from an evolutionary perspective. 相似文献
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Janssen P Audit B Cases I Darzentas N Goldovsky L Kunin V Lopez-Bigas N Peregrin-Alvarez JM Pereira-Leal JB Tsoka S Ouzounis CA 《Genome biology》2003,4(5):402-3
By the end of 2002, we witnessed the landmark submission of the 100th complete genome sequence in the databases. An overview of these genomes reveals certain interesting trends and provides valuable insights into possible future developments. 相似文献
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Sílvia Collado Elisabeth Coll Carlos Nicolau Mercedes Pons Josep M Cruzado Julio Pascual Aleix Cases 《PloS one》2015,10(6)