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991.
José Manuel Salgado Carmen González-Barreiro Raquel Rodríguez-Solana Jesús Simal-Gándara José Manuel Domínguez Sandra Cortés 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2012,28(11):3123-3134
The volatile compounds produced by Debaryomyces hansenii NRRL Y-7426 during the fermentation of detoxified concentrated distilled grape marc hemicellulosic hydrolysates was analysed by GC?CMS. Thirty-five compounds corresponding to ten groups of volatile compounds: terpenes, higher alcohols, C6 alcohols, aldehydes, volatile acids, acetates, ethyl esters, volatile phenols, sulphur compounds and hydrocarbons were identified. The supplementation with commercial nutrients increased the concentration of 2-phenylethanol, a commercial flavour and fragrance compound, with a rose-like odour, employed in cosmetics and food industries; and other positive compounds to the aroma such as terpenes and ethyl esters. Non-supplemented media produced the highest content in higher alcohols, volatile acids, sulphur compounds and in the majority of hydrocarbons detected, meanwhile supplementation with vinasses hardly produced volatile compounds. Only four volatile compounds contributed directly to the aroma according to the OAVs values higher than 1. Finally, a PCA analysis allowed accounting for 100?% of the variance. 相似文献
992.
Roberto Arredondo-Valdés Francisco D. Hernández-Castillo Mario Rocandio-Rodríguez Julia C. Anguiano-Cabello Madai Rosas-Mejía Venancio Vanoye-Eligio Salvador Ordaz-Silva Imelda V. López-Sánchez Laura D. Carrazco-Peña Julio C. Chacón-Hernández 《Phyton》2021,90(3):895-906
The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the world’s most important vegetable crops. Still, phytopathogenic bacteria affect the yield and quality of tomato cultivation, like Agrobacterium tumefeciens (At), Clavibacter
michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm), Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst), Ralstonia solanacearum (Rs),
and Xanthomonas axonopodis (Xa). Synthetic chemical products are used mostly on disease plant control, but
overuse generates resistance to bacterial control. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity
of the ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves against At, Cmm, Pst, Rs, and Xa, as well as information
about this plant species’ chemical composition. Antibacterial activity against pathogens observed by microplate
technique, phytochemical screening, and FTIR analysis revealed different bio-active compounds on ethanolic
extracts with antibacterial activity. The growth inhibition rate ranged between 0.08% and 99.94%. The inhibitory
concentration, IC50, required to inhibit 50% of At, Cmm, Pst, Rs, and Xa bacterial growth, was 276.67, 350.48,
277.85, 351.49, and 283.22 mg/L, respectively. Inhibition of phytopathogen bacteria’s growth increased as the concentrations of the extract also increased. Moringa oleifera extract can be recommended as a potent bio-bactericide. 相似文献
993.
Belinda Pérez-Bibbins Ricardo Pinheiro de Souza Oliveira Ana Torrado María Guadalupe Aguilar-Uscanga José Manuel Domínguez 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2014,98(1):151-161
Cell immobilization has shown to be especially adequate for xylitol production. This work studies the suitability of the air lift bioreactor for xylitol production by Debaryomyces hansenii immobilized in Ca-alginate operating in fed-batch cultures to avoid substrate inhibition. The results showed that the air lift bioreactor is an adequate system since the minimum air flow required for fluidization was even lower than that leading to the microaerobic conditions that trigger xylitol accumulation by this yeast, also maintaining the integrity of the alginate beads and the viability of the immobilized cells until 3 months of reuses. Maximum productivities and yields of 0.43 g/l/h and 0.71 g/g were achieved with a xylose concentration of 60 g/l after each feeding. The xylose feeding rate, the air flow, and the biomass concentration at the beginning of the fed-batch operation have shown to be critical parameters for achieving high productivities and yields. Although a maximum xylitol production of 139 g/l was obtained, product inhibition was evidenced in batch experiments, which allowed estimating at 200 and 275 g/l the IC50 for xylitol productivity and yield, respectively. The remarkable production of glycerol in the absence of glucose was noticeable, which could not only be attributed to the osmoregulatory function of this polyol in conditions of high osmotic pressure caused by high xylitol concentrations but also to the role of the glycerol synthesis pathway in the regeneration of NAD+ in conditions of suboptimal microaeration caused by insufficient aeration or high oxygen demand when high biomass concentrations were achieved. 相似文献
994.
Brandt Bertrand Fernando Martínez-Morales Raunel Tinoco Sonia Rojas-Trejo Leobardo Serrano-Carreón María R. Trejo-Hernández 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2014,30(1):135-142
The induction of laccase isoforms in Trametes versicolor HEMIM-9 by aqueous extracts (AE) from softwood and hardwood was studied. Samples of sawdust of Pinus sp., Cedrela sp., and Quercus sp. were boiled in water to obtain AE. Different volumes of each AE were added to fungal cultures to determine the amount of AE needed for the induction experiments. Laccase activity was assayed every 24 h for 15 days. The addition of each AE (50 to 150 μl) to the fungal cultures increased laccase production compared to the control (0.42 ± 0.01 U ml?1). The highest laccase activities detected were 1.92 ± 0.15 U ml?1 (pine), 1.87 ± 0.26 U ml?1 (cedar), and 1.56 ± 0.34 U ml?1 (oak); laccase productivities were also significantly increased. Larger volumes of any AE inhibited mycelial growth. Electrophoretic analysis revealed two laccase bands (lcc1 and lcc2) for all the treatments. However, when lcc2 was analyzed by isoelectric focusing, inducer-dependent isoform patterns composed of three (pine AE), four (oak AE), and six laccase bands (cedar AE) were observed. Thus, AE from softwood and hardwood had induction effects in T. versicolor HEMIM-9, as indicated by the increase in laccase activity and different isoform patterns. All of the enzymatic extracts were able to decolorize the dye Orange II. Dye decolorization was mainly influenced by pH. The optimum pH for decolorization was pH 5 (85 %), followed by pH 7 (50 %) and pH 3 (15 %). No significant differences in the dye decolorizing capacity were detected between the control and the differentially induced laccase extracts (oak, pine and cedar). This could be due to the catalytic activities of isoforms with pI 5.4 and 5.8, which were detected under all induction conditions. 相似文献
995.
Ana Claudia Ferreira da Cruz Diego Ismael Rocha Lourdes Iarema Marília Contim Ventrella Marcio Gilberto Cardoso Costa Vespasiano Borges Paiva Neto Wagner Campos Otoni 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2014,50(1):76-83
The organogenic potential of root explants derived from cultured seedlings of Bixa orellana L. (annatto) was investigated in response to different incubation conditions and either 4.44 μM 6-benzyladenine, 4.54 μM Thidiazuron, or 4.56 μM Zeatin. Explants cultured in liquid media with agitation generally showed better development of adventitious buds versus explants cultured on semi-solid media. The most adventitious buds developed from explants cultured in liquid media under a 16-h photoperiod. Use of Zeatin and Thidiazuron promoted the development of more adventitious buds than 6-benzyladenine but morphological abnormalities among regenerating shoots and plants were observed. Fewer adventitious buds developed from explants cultured in liquid media supplemented with 6-benzyladenine, but the buds gave rise to the highest percentage of morphologically normal regenerated plants. Histological analyses showed that adventitious buds originated from cell proliferation within the pericycle, opposite the protoxylem poles of the explant. Seedling root tissue is useful for in vitro propagation of B. orellana. 相似文献
996.
Teresa Lucena María A. Ruvira M. Carmen Macián María J. Pujalte David R. Arahal 《Antonie van Leeuwenhoek》2014,105(4):671-678
Strain 4SM10T, an aerobic marine, Gram-negative, heterotrophic and non pigmented bacterium isolated from seawater from Vinaroz in Castellón, Spain, was characterized using a polyphasic approach. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence placed the strain within the Roseobacter clade in the family Rhodobacteraceae. Phylogenetic analyses also showed that strain 4SM10T forms a stable clade with species of the genus Roseovarius, being related to Roseovarius nubinhibens ISMT and Roseovarius aestuarii SMK-122T at 97.5 and 97.4 % 16S rRNA sequence similarity, respectively. Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) values, determined as a measure of overall genomic resemblance, confirmed that strain 4SM10T does not belong to the same species as R. aestuarii CECT 7745T and Roseovarius nubinhibens CECT 7750T displaying ANI values well below the 95 % boundary for genomic species. Strain 4SM10T requires Na+ plus a divalent cation (either Mg2+ or Ca2+) to grow, reduces nitrate to nitrite and uses a large number of amino acids and organic acids (but no carbohydrates) as sole carbon sources. Enzymatic activities displayed in API ZYM tests are alkaline phosphatase, leucine arylamidase and acid phosphatase. The major cellular fatty acids were identified as C18:1 ω7c and/or C18:1 ω6c (67.1 %). The DNA G+C content was determined to be 54.27 mol%. Based on the genotypic and phenotypic data obtained, the name Roseovarius albus sp. nov. is proposed for this novel taxon, with the type strain 4SM10T (=CECT 7450T = KCTC 22653T). 相似文献
997.
Aurea Lima Vítor Seabra Sandra Martins Ana Coelho António Araújo Rui Medeiros 《Molecular biology reports》2014,41(5):3349-3357
Thymidylate synthase (TYMS) has three polymorphisms that may modulate thymidylate synthase (TS) expression levels: (1) 28 base pairs (bp) variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) (rs34743033); (2) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) C>G at the twelfth nucleotide of the second repeat of 3R allele (rs2853542); and (3) 6 bp sequence deletion (1494del6, rs34489327). This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of TYMS polymorphisms on the survival of Portuguese patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing platinum-based chemotherapy. Our results showed no statistically significant differences between VNTR genotypes; although, considering the SNP C>G, homozygotes 3RG presented a better prognostic at 36 months (p = 0.004) and overall survival (p = 0.003) when compared to 2R3RG patients. Patients with “median/high expression genotypes” demonstrated a better survival at 12 months (p = 0.041) when compared to “low expression genotypes”. Furthermore, 6 bp? carriers (p = 0.006) showed a better survival at 12 months when compared to 6 bp+ homozygotes patients. When analyzing TYMS haplotypes, better survival at 12 months was observed for patients carrying haplotypes with the 6 bp? allele (2R6 bp?; p = 0.026 and 3RG6 bp?; p = 0.045). This is the first report that evaluates the three major TYMS polymorphisms in the therapeutic outcome of NSCLC in Portugal. According to our results, the TYMS polymorphisms may be useful tools to predict which advanced NSCLC patients could benefit more from platinum-based chemotherapy regimens. 相似文献
998.
Manuel Lopes-Lima Amílcar Teixeira Elsa Froufe Anabela Lopes Simone Varandas Ronaldo Sousa 《Hydrobiologia》2014,735(1):1-13
Freshwater bivalves have been highly threatened by human activities, and recently their global decline has been causing conservational and social concern. In this paper, we review the most important research events in freshwater bivalve biology calling attention to the main scientific achievements. A great bias exists in the research effort, with much more information available for bivalve species belonging to the Unionida in comparison to other groups. The same is true for the origin of these studies, since the publishing pattern does not always correspond to the hotspots of biodiversity but is concentrated in the northern hemisphere mainly in North America, Europe and Russia, with regions such as Africa and Southeast Asia being quite understudied. We also summarize information about past, present and future perspectives concerning the most important research topics that include taxonomy, systematics, anatomy, physiology, ecology and conservation of freshwater bivalves. Finally, we introduce the articles published in this Hydrobiologia special issue related with the International Meeting on Biology and Conservation of Freshwater Bivalves held in 2012 in Bragança, Portugal. 相似文献
999.
Tania Kobelkowsky-Vidrio César A. Ríos-Muñoz Adolfo G. Navarro-Sigüenza 《Biodiversity and Conservation》2014,23(8):2087-2105
The Sierra Madre Occidental (SMOc) is located in the boundary between the Nearctic and Neotropical regions, area which has been considered as a complex transition zone. We analysed biogeographic patterns of its resident avifauna, including species richness, endemism, and biotic regionalization by analysing presence-absence matrices of 148 species of resident-terrestrial birds. We created the species richness maps by overlapping potential distribution maps obtained for each species via species distribution models (SDMs). To depict biogeographic patterns, we used strict consensus cladograms from parsimony analyses of endemicity (PAE) and phenograms from an unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average clustering algorithm. The Pacific slope of the SMOc contains the highest species richness, decreasing towards the northeast, and reflected in endemic and endangered species richness patterns. The PAE resulted in one area of endemism represented by the whole SMOc, outlining a divided area in its Pacific slope. The cluster analyses divided the area into two. One group towards the Pacific slope, delimited by the mountain ridge and characterized by tropical vegetation types and Mexican-Mesoamerican affinities; the other group is located towards the east and northeast, characterized by arid and temperate types of vegetation and Nearctic affinities. These results evidence a transition from a tropical to a temperate composition of bird species. In this way the location for a boundary between the Nearctic and the transition zone, for birds in this part of Mexico, is restricted to these highest elevations. 相似文献
1000.
Nely Dayse Santos da Mata Rosinaldo Silva de Sousa Fábio F Perazzo José Carlos Tavares Carvalho 《Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine》2012,8(1):48